微流体燃料电池发展现状

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.01.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微流体燃料电池基于流体的微流动特性,燃料和氧化剂流体在层流流动作用下可自然分层而无需使用质子膜,极大地降低成本并提高电池设计的灵活性,具有体积小、重量轻及容量大的优点,是燃料电池的最新发展方向之一。目前,国外关于微流体燃料电池的研究已取得阶段性进展,而国内相关报道相对较少。本文详细介绍了微流体燃料电池的组成如燃料、氧化剂、电解质及电池性能受限因素,重点综述了flow-over型电极、flow-through型电极、空气吸入式电极微流体燃料电池的发展现状;指出空气吸入式微流体燃料电池发展空间较大,并可通过改善阳极反应动力学并优化燃料和氧化剂的类型、浓度及流速,实现燃料利用率和电池性能的同步提高,具有较大应用前景;提出了开发高效、廉价电极催化剂以及改进微通道制备技术、催化层涂覆技术是未来微流体燃料电池的研究方向。

关键词: 微流体, 燃料电池, 层流, 电极

Abstract: Microfluidic fuel cells typically operate in a co-laminar flow configuration and the streams of fuel and oxidant are separated naturally without membrane, which can lower cost and improve flexibility of battery design. Microfluidic fuel cells with the advantages of small volume, light weight and large capacity is one of the latest development directions of fuel cell. However, the related research in China is scarcely reported. This paper briefly summarizes the composition, such as fuel, oxidant, electrolyte and restricting factors of microfluidic fuel cell. The development status of flow-over, flow-through and air-breathing microfluidic fuel cell are reviewed on the basis of recent worldwide research publications. Air-breathing microfluidic fuel has much room for improvement and can realize simultaneous improvement of both fuel efficiency and power density by improving anodic reaction kinetics and optimizing the types, concentrations and velocities of fuel and oxidant, and has a good application prospect. Furthermore, the future research directions are presented.

Key words: microfluidic, fuel cell, laminar flow, electrode

中图分类号:

TM911.4

张雁玲, 王红涛, 孟凡飞, 雒亚东, 凌凤香. 微流体燃料电池发展现状[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(01): 65-73.

ZHANG Yanling, WANG Hongtao, MENG Fanfei, LUO Yadong, LING Fengxiang. Development status of microfluidic fuel cell[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(01): 65-73.

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