单向冰晶模板法制备有序高稳定性介孔PVA气凝胶

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1949

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 6804-6810.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1949

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇

单向冰晶模板法制备有序高稳定性介孔PVA气凝胶

梁博¹(), 王锦涛²^,³, 薛敏¹

^1.北方民族大学材料科学与工程学院，宁夏银川 750021
^2.安康学院化工学院，陕西安康 725000
^3.武汉工程大学重庆研究院，重庆 401220

收稿日期:2023-11-07 修回日期:2023-12-22 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2025-01-11
通讯作者: 梁博
作者简介:梁博（1980—)，女，副教授，研究方向为功能高分子材料。E-mail：2006046@nun.edu.cn。
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学基金(2023AAC03305)

Polyvinyl alcohol aerogels with ordered and highly stable mesopores via unidirectional ice-template method

LIANG Bo¹(), WANG Jintao²^,³, XUE Min¹

^1.School of Materials Science & Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
^2.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ankang University, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi, China
^3.Chongqing Research Institute of Wuhan Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401220, China

Received:2023-11-07 Revised:2023-12-22 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2025-01-11
Contact: LIANG Bo

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

聚乙烯醇（PVA）气凝胶由于质轻、多孔的特点被广泛应用于各个领域。孔隙结构对其性能起着决定性的作用，但可控地制备具有可调结构的PVA气凝胶仍然是一个挑战。本文报道了一种通过冰诱导自组装制备具有可设计孔隙结构的PVA气凝胶的简便方法。通过简单地调整温度梯度、预冻方向和溶质浓度等因素，研究了其性质与结构之间的关系。所制备的气凝胶具有典型的介孔材料（2~25nm）特征和较好的柔韧性。疏水改性后的气凝胶从完全亲水变为表面疏水，水接触角达到117°，其对三氯甲烷的吸收能力达到20g/g。该研究为PVA基气凝胶的可控制备和油水分离应用提供了新的思路。

关键词: 聚乙烯醇气凝胶, 介孔, 可控结构, 冰晶模板, 油水分离

Abstract:

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aerogels are widely used in various fields due to the lightweight and porous features. The pore structure plays a decisive role in the performances, but controllable fabrication of PVA aerogel with a tunable structure is still a challenge. Herein, a facile approach to prepare PVA aerogel with a designable pore structure by ice-induced self-assembly was reported. The relationship between the properties and structure was investigated by simply tuning factors such as temperature gradient, pre-freezing direction and solute concentration. The as-prepared aerogel had typical mesoporous (2—25nm) material characteristics and good flexibility. After hydrophobic modification, the PVA aerogels were changed from completely hydrophilic to surface hydrophobic, and the water contact angle and the absorption capacity of trichloromethane reached 117° and 20g/g, respectively. The research provided new insight into the controllable preparation and oil-water separation application of PVA-based aerogels.

Key words: polyvinyl alcohol aerogel, mesopores, controllable structure, ice-template, oil-water separation

中图分类号:

X703

梁博, 王锦涛, 薛敏. 单向冰晶模板法制备有序高稳定性介孔PVA气凝胶[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(12): 6804-6810.

LIANG Bo, WANG Jintao, XUE Min. Polyvinyl alcohol aerogels with ordered and highly stable mesopores via unidirectional ice-template method[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(12): 6804-6810.

图/表 6

图1 PVA气凝胶的FTIR光谱

图2 PVA气凝胶的SEM图

图3 PVA气凝胶N2吸附/脱附曲线和孔径分布

图4 PVA气凝胶的水接触角

图5 PVA气凝胶的压缩应力应变曲线

图6 不同预冻方式下改性PVA气凝胶的吸附速率

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单向冰晶模板法制备有序高稳定性介孔PVA气凝胶

Polyvinyl alcohol aerogels with ordered and highly stable mesopores via unidirectional ice-template method

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