颗粒状NiO的制备及其电化学性能和CO2吸附性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0762

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用乙醇和去离子水的混合溶液为溶剂，通过静态水热处理合成NiO，并对其在KOH电解液中的电化学行为与CO₂吸附性能进行探究。采用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱和N₂吸附-脱附技术对NiO的物相、形貌、组成和孔结构进行分析。结果表明，NiO为颗粒状介孔材料，属于立方系晶体。NiO中，Ni以Ni²⁺、Ni³⁺形式存在。以NiO为活性材料、6mol/L KOH为电解液组装三电极，可以产生赝电容。电流密度为1A/g，电压窗口为0.1~0.5V时，首次放电效率为93.5%，放电比容量为254.5F/g，能量密度为5.7Wh/kg，功率密度为200W/kg；循环1000次，放电比容量仅降低3.93%。NiO表面的CO₂吸附过程符合Bangham模型；温度为25℃、气体流速为10mL/min时，CO₂吸附量可达103.2mg/g；循环20次，吸附量保持稳定。

关键词: 氧化镍, 颗粒, 介孔, 赝电容, 吸附

Abstract:

NiO was synthesized by a static hydrothermal treatment in the mixed solvent of ethanol and deionized water. Besides, the electrochemical behavior of NiO in the KOH solution and CO₂ adsorption performance were investigated. The phase, morphology, composition and pore structure of NiO were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and N₂ adsorption-desorption techniques. The results showed that NiO was granular mesoporous material and belonged to cubic crystal. In NiO, Ni was in the form of Ni²⁺ and Ni³⁺. A pseudocapacitance behavior was detected in the three electrodes which was made up of the active substance of NiO and the electrolyte of KOH (6mol/L). When the current density was 1A/g and the voltage window was in the 0.1—0.5V range, an initial discharge efficiency of 93.5%, specific discharge capacity of 254.5F/g, the energy density of 5.7Wh/kg and the power density of 200W/kg were achieved. After 1000 cycles, the discharge specific capacity decreased only 3.93%. CO₂ adsorption process on the surface of NiO was in accordance with the Bangham model. At 25℃, the adsorption capacity of 103.2mg/g could be achieved in the gas flow rate of 10mL/min. After 20 cycles, the capacity remained stable.

Key words: nickel oxide, granule, mesoporous, constraint capacitance, adsorption

中图分类号:

TM912.9

杨泛明, 贺国文. 颗粒状NiO的制备及其电化学性能和CO₂吸附性能[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 907-916.

YANG Fanming, HE Guowen. Preparation of granular NiO for the electrochemical performance and CO₂ adsorption performance[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(2): 907-916.

图/表 16

参考文献 40

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材料	温度/℃	气体流速或压力	吸附量/mg·g^-1	参考文献
NiO	25	20mL/min	134.7	本文
NiO	55	10mL/min	73.5	本文
MgO	60	30mL/min	87.56	[32]
TiO₂	25	15 mL/min	23.76	[33]
NiO/C	25	5bar	121.35	[36]
MgO/AC	25	5bar	105.17	[36]
Fe₂O₃	25	1bar	109.12	[37]
MgO	25	1.01atm	70.88	[38]
CuO/ZnO/Al₂O₃	25	2MPa	61.6	[39]

材料	温度/℃	气体流速或压力	吸附量/mg·g^-1	参考文献
NiO	25	20mL/min	134.7	本文
NiO	55	10mL/min	73.5	本文
MgO	60	30mL/min	87.56	[32]
TiO₂	25	15 mL/min	23.76	[33]
NiO/C	25	5bar	121.35	[36]
MgO/AC	25	5bar	105.17	[36]
Fe₂O₃	25	1bar	109.12	[37]
MgO	25	1.01atm	70.88	[38]
CuO/ZnO/Al₂O₃	25	2MPa	61.6	[39]

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颗粒状NiO的制备及其电化学性能和CO₂吸附性能

Preparation of granular NiO for the electrochemical performance and CO₂ adsorption performance

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材料	电解液	电流密度i	放电比容量	参考文献
NiO	6mol/L KOH	1A/g	254.5F/g	本文
NiO	3mol/L KOH	1A/g	75.67F/g	[13]
NiO	1mol/L KOH	1A/g	1386F/g	[14]
NiO	1mol/L KOH	1A/g	63F/g	[15]
NiO	6mol/L KOH	1×10^-3mA/cm²	1.012mF/cm²	[16]
NiO	1mol/L KOH	1×10^-3mA/cm²	2.08F/cm²	[17]
NiO	6mol/L KOH	1A/g	＜44.2F/g	[18]