煤化工废水中油泥的聚结分离与水中有机物的去除效果

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0602

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对煤化工废水中存在的高浓度油及油泥的问题，本研究制备了高电荷、低聚合度的无机复合材料和低电荷、高聚合度的有机复合材料，探究无机、有机复合材料协同作用下对煤化工废水中油及油泥的聚结分离效果以及对废水中有机物的去除特性。结果表明，无机、有机复合材料在复合比例为500∶1的条件下，废水中油和固体悬浮物（SS）去除率分别达到55%和98%；现场试验发现，无机、有机复合材料对油含量1700~2000mg/L，SS含量为1500～2000mg/L的废水，油和SS的去除率一直稳定于50%和95%左右，表现出较好的稳定性；进一步对废水中典型有机物的去除效果研究可知，该复合材料同时也对废水中各类有机物有较好的去除效果，多环芳烃（PAHs）、苯系物和酚类物质的去除率可达到82.85%、41.9%和37.56%。可以发现，无机、有机复合材料可有效解决煤化工废水中油及油泥的去除问题，具有广阔的产业化应用前景。

关键词: 煤化工废水, 油泥, 复合材料, 聚结分离, 去除效果

Abstract:

Aiming at the treatment of high concentration of oil and oily sludge in coal chemical wastewater, the inorganic composites materials with high charge and low degree of polymerization and organic composites materials with low charge and high degree of polymerization were prepared in this study. The coalescence separation effect of oily sludge and the removal characteristics of organic matters were investigated under the synergistic effect of organic and inorganic composite materials. The results indicated that the removal efficiencies of oil and SS in coal chemical wastewater could reach 55% and 98%, respectively, with the ratio of inorganic and organic composite materials at 500∶1. The field tests showed that the removal efficiencies of oil and SS were stable at 50% and 95%, respectively, by inorganic and organic composite materials for raw wastewater with oil of 1700—2000mg/L and SS of 1500—2000mg/L. The further researches showed that the composite material also had a good capacity for removal of various organic substances from wastewater, and the removal efficiencies of 82.85%, 41.9% and 37.56%, respectively, for PAHs, benzene series and phenolic substances had been achieved. It could be found that the inorganic and organic composite materials could effectively solve the problem of oil and oily sludge removal in coal chemical wastewater, and having broad prospects in industrial application.

Key words: coal chemical wastewater, oily sludge, composite materials, coalescence separation, removal efficiency

中图分类号:

X703

杨壮壮, 刘永军, 刘兴社, 刘喆, 杨璐, 张爱宁. 煤化工废水中油泥的聚结分离与水中有机物的去除效果[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 538-545.

YANG Zhuangzhuang, LIU Yongjun, LIU Xingshe, LIU Zhe, YANG Lu, ZHANG Aining. Coalescence separation of oily sludge and removal effect of organic substances from coal chemical wastewater[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(1): 538-545.

图/表 8

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名称	去除前/mg·L^-1	去除后/mg·L^-1	去除率/%	名称	去除前/mg·L^-1	去除后/mg·L^-1	去除率/%
合计	273.89	159.14	41.9
萘	121.67	13.12	89.22	苯酚	3009.55	1959.73	34.88
苊烯	43.28	7.83	81.91	2-氯酚	25.47	19.87	21.99
苊	53.54	8.75	83.66	邻甲酚	22.83	13.46	41.04
芴	7.14	2.59	63.73	对,间甲酚	83.11	56.28	32.28
菲	15.45	4.54	70.61	2-硝基苯酚	95.19	65.33	31.37
蒽	6.52	2.11	67.64	2,4-二甲基苯酚	171.26	102.34	40.24
荧蒽	4.31	0.79	81.67	2,4-二氯苯酚	335.28	189.45	43.49
芘	5.66	2.21	60.95	2,6-二氯苯酚	367.96	202.67	44.92
屈	2.92	1.65	43.49	4-氯-3-甲基苯酚	475.64	306.55	35.55
苯并[a]蒽	2.55	0.59	76.86	2,4,6-三氯酚	635.66	434.45	31.65
苯并[b]荧蒽	3.57	0.98	72.55	2,4,5-三氯苯酚	249.33	116.71	53.19
苯并[a]芘	4.32	1.21	71.99	2,4-二硝基苯酚	512.46	344.27	32.82
苯并[ghi]苝	1.69	0.39	76.92	4-硝基苯酚	619.01	457.92	26.02
合计	272.62	46.76	82.85	2,3,4,6-四氯苯酚	40.71	31.73	22.06
苯	57.64	25.41	55.92	2,3,4,5-四氯苯酚	174.95	99.87	42.92
甲苯	45.87	24.6	46.37	2,3,5,6-四氯苯酚	84.26	45.67	45.8
乙苯	21.55	18.85	12.53	4,6-二硝基邻甲酚	256.24	138.92	45.79
对,间甲苯	87.65	45.41	48.19	五氯苯酚	1089.16	642.89	40.97
邻甲苯	13.23	11.2	15.34	地乐酚	199.31	89.74	54.97
异丙苯	31.66	24.51	22.58	消螨酚	233.36	102.35	56.14
苯乙烯	16.29	9.16	43.77	合计	8680.74	5420.2	37.56

名称	去除前/mg·L^-1	去除后/mg·L^-1	去除率/%	名称	去除前/mg·L^-1	去除后/mg·L^-1	去除率/%
合计	273.89	159.14	41.9
萘	121.67	13.12	89.22	苯酚	3009.55	1959.73	34.88
苊烯	43.28	7.83	81.91	2-氯酚	25.47	19.87	21.99
苊	53.54	8.75	83.66	邻甲酚	22.83	13.46	41.04
芴	7.14	2.59	63.73	对,间甲酚	83.11	56.28	32.28
菲	15.45	4.54	70.61	2-硝基苯酚	95.19	65.33	31.37
蒽	6.52	2.11	67.64	2,4-二甲基苯酚	171.26	102.34	40.24
荧蒽	4.31	0.79	81.67	2,4-二氯苯酚	335.28	189.45	43.49
芘	5.66	2.21	60.95	2,6-二氯苯酚	367.96	202.67	44.92
屈	2.92	1.65	43.49	4-氯-3-甲基苯酚	475.64	306.55	35.55
苯并[a]蒽	2.55	0.59	76.86	2,4,6-三氯酚	635.66	434.45	31.65
苯并[b]荧蒽	3.57	0.98	72.55	2,4,5-三氯苯酚	249.33	116.71	53.19
苯并[a]芘	4.32	1.21	71.99	2,4-二硝基苯酚	512.46	344.27	32.82
苯并[ghi]苝	1.69	0.39	76.92	4-硝基苯酚	619.01	457.92	26.02
合计	272.62	46.76	82.85	2,3,4,6-四氯苯酚	40.71	31.73	22.06
苯	57.64	25.41	55.92	2,3,4,5-四氯苯酚	174.95	99.87	42.92
甲苯	45.87	24.6	46.37	2,3,5,6-四氯苯酚	84.26	45.67	45.8
乙苯	21.55	18.85	12.53	4,6-二硝基邻甲酚	256.24	138.92	45.79
对,间甲苯	87.65	45.41	48.19	五氯苯酚	1089.16	642.89	40.97
邻甲苯	13.23	11.2	15.34	地乐酚	199.31	89.74	54.97
异丙苯	31.66	24.51	22.58	消螨酚	233.36	102.35	56.14
苯乙烯	16.29	9.16	43.77	合计	8680.74	5420.2	37.56

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