全氟聚醚聚合物及其功能复合材料的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0519

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全氟聚醚（PFPE）聚合物具有极低的表面张力、低摩擦系数、优异的润滑性能和良好的疏水疏油性能，被广泛用作航空航天、核工业、真空、电子等领域的润滑材料以及合成功能复合材料的反应中间体。近年来，基于PFPE聚合物的含氟功能复合材料在一些新兴领域受到广泛关注。本文首先介绍了PFPE聚合物在润滑材料领域最新的研究进展，重点阐述了目前PFPE润滑剂在抗磨、防锈和PFPE基础油抗爬移方面存在的不足，并分析了其原因；其次概述了PFPE聚合物在功能涂层、含氟聚氨酯材料、氟橡胶以及类玻璃（Vitrimers）材料方面的研究进展和应用前景，并介绍了一些含氟功能复合材料的制备工艺；最后展望了PFPE聚合物未来的研究重点和发展趋势，旨在为拓宽PFPE聚合物的应用领域，开发高附加值的PFPE衍生产品提供思路。

关键词: 全氟聚醚, 聚合物, 复合材料, 稳定性, 润滑, 涂层

Abstract:

Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) polymers possess low surface energy, low friction coefficient, excellent lubricating properties and good hydrophobic-oleophobic properties. They are widely used as lubricating materials of the fields of aerospace, nuclear industry, vacuum equipment, electronics, etc. They are also used as reactive intermediates of the synthesis of many functional composites. Recently, PFPE-based functional composites have received extensive attention in several emerging fields. Firstly, the latest research progress of PFPE polymers in the lubrication field are introduced. The insufficiencies of corrosion resistance, anti-rust, and the PFPE base oils creep-resistant of PFPE lubricants are mainly expounded, and their reasons are analyzed. Then, the research progress and application prospect of PFPE polymers in the aspects of functional coatings, fluorine-containing polyurethanes, fluoroelastomers, and Vitrimers are summarized. Preparation processes of some fluorinated functional composites are introduced. Finally, the future trends on research and application of PFPE polymers are prospected in order to provide new ideas for widening the application field of PFPE polymers and developing high value-added PFPE derivatives.

Key words: perfluoropolyether, polymers, composites, stability, lubricating, coating

中图分类号:

TQ072

刘洋, 赵恒, 李倩, 辛虎, 李杏涛. 全氟聚醚聚合物及其功能复合材料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 321-335.

LIU Yang, ZHAO Heng, LI Qian, XIN Hu, LI Xingtao. Research progress of perfluoropolyether polymers and functional composites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(1): 321-335.

图/表 19

参考文献 108

1	DEMIR T, WEI L Y, NITTA N, et al. Toward a long-chain perfluoroalkyl replacement: Water and oil repellency of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films modified with perfluoropolyether-based polyesters[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9(28): 24318-24330.
2	BONGIOVANNI R, MEDICI A, ZOMPATORI A, et al. Perfluoropolyether polymers by UV curing: Design, synthesis and characterization[J]. Polymer International, 2012, 61(1): 65-73.
3	颜志光, 杨正宇. 合成润滑剂[M]. 北京: 中国石化出版社, 1996.
	YAN Zhiguang, YANG Zhengyu. Synthetic lubricant[M]. Beijing: China Petrochemical Press, 1996.
4	王金清, 任嗣利, 杨生荣. 全氟聚醚润滑剂及其摩擦学特性研究[J]. 润滑与密封, 2002, 27(2): 18-21.
	WANG Jinqing, REN Sili, YANG Shengrong. Study on PFPE lubricants and their tribological characteristics[J]. Lubrication Engineering, 2002, 27(2): 18-21.
5	BONNEAUD C, HOWELL J, BONGIOVANNI R, et al. Diversity of synthetic approaches to functionalized perfluoropolyalkylether polymers[J]. Macromolecules, 2021, 54(2): 521-550.
6	HELLMAN P T, GSCHWENDER L, SNYDER C E. A review of the effect of metals on the thermo-oxidative stability of perfluoropolyalkylether lubricants[J]. Journal of Synthetic Lubrication, 2006, 23(4): 197-210.
7	YIN Qiwen, XUE Wei, BAI Yanyun, et al. Micellization and aggregation properties of sodium perfluoropolyether carboxylate in aqueous solution[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2016, 42: 63-68.
8	DEMIR C T, WEI L Y, LUZINOV I. Perfluoropolyether-based oleophobic additives: Influence of molecular weight distribution on wettability of polyethylene terephthalate films[J]. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 2021, 244: 109747.
9	HE Yifeng, SUN Hongwei, LIU Xinyang. Preparation and rheological properties of vacuum lubricating grease[J]. China Petroleum Processing and Petrochemical Technology, 2021, 23(1): 120-126.
10	JONES D A, FREDERICK R A. Flammability characterization of a polysulfide based ramjet fuel[J]. Journal of Energetic Materials, 2022, 40(2): 170-181.
11	WEI L Y, CALISKAN T D, TU S D, et al. Highly oil-repellent thermoplastic boundaries via surface delivery of CF₃ groups by molecular bottlebrush additives[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2020, 12(34): 38626-38637.
12	冯裕智. 有机硅改性全氟聚醚涂覆剂的制备与性能研究[D]. 天津: 天津科技大学, 2017.
	FENG Yuzhi. Study on preparation and the properties of organic-silicone modified perfluoropolyether coatings[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 2017.
13	谢宇. 全氟聚醚润滑剂[J]. 合成润滑材料, 2005, 32(4): 38-42.
	XIE Yu. Perfluoroalkylpolyethers lubricant[J]. Synthetic Lubricants, 2005, 32(4): 38-42.
14	陈坤, 冯裕智, 唐旭东. 全氟聚醚硅氧烷与SiO₂复合制备耐久性超疏水涂层[J]. 合成树脂及塑料, 2018, 35(1): 6-9, 19.
	CHEN Kun, FENG Yuzhi, TANG Xudong. Preparation of durable super hydrophobic coatings via combination of perfluoroalkyl siloxane and SiO₂ [J]. China Synthetic Resin and Plastics, 2018, 35(1): 6-9, 19.
15	GOLA Massimo, SANSOTERA Maurizio, NAVARRINI Walter, et al. Perfluoropolyether-functionalized gas diffusion layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 258: 351-355.
16	瓦尔瑟奇,丰塔纳, 穆塔, 等. (全)氟聚醚衍生物: CN109153777A[P]. 2019-01-04.
	VALSECCHI R, FONTANA S A, MUTTA F, et al. (per) Fluoropolyether derivatives: CN109153777A[P]. 2019-01-04.
17	周杰华. 新型全氟聚醚衍生氟碳表面活性剂的合成及性能[D]. 上海: 东华大学, 2013.
	ZHOU Jiehua. Synthesis and performance of novel perfluoropolyether derivatived fluorocarbon surfactants[D]. Shanghai: Donghua University, 2013.
18	Sunghyun KI, KANG Dongku. Gas crosstalk between PFPE-PEG-PFPE triblock copolymer surfactant-based microdroplets and monitoring bacterial gas metabolism with droplet-based microfluidics[J]. Biosensors, 2020, 10(11): 172.
19	ZHANG X, KIM J S, KWON Y. Synthesis and thermal analysis of nano-aluminum/fluorinated polyurethane elastomeric composites for structural energetics[J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2017, 17(4): 2488-2492.
20	CHEN Chuanliang, ZHANG Zhao, ZHAO Xiaowen, et al. Polyoxymethylene/graphene oxide-perfluoropolyether nano-composite with ultra-low friction coefficient fabricated by formation of superior interfacial tribofilm[J]. Composites A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2020, 132: 105856.
21	KAŁDOŃSKI T J, GRYGLEWICZ Ł, STAŃCZYK M, et al. Investigations on lubricity and surface properties of selected perfluoropolyether oils[J]. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport, 2011, 18(1): 199-212.
22	JOHNS K, CORTI C, MONTAGNA L, et al. Developments in fluorinated liquid lubricants and lubricant additives[J]. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 1992, 25(1A): A141-A146.
23	李倩, 辛虎, 曹春兰. 改善轴承温升的氟醚润滑脂的制备[J]. 合成润滑材料, 2020, 47(3): 18-20.
	LI Qian, XIN Hu, CAO Chunlan. Preparation of fluoroether grease to improve bearing temperature rise[J]. Synthetic Lubricants, 2020, 47(3): 18-20.
24	祁鹏浩, 仝哲, 刘奇, 等. 表面织构化DLC涂层在脂润滑下的摩擦学性能研究[J]. 表面技术, 2021, 50(1): 296-304.
	QI Penghao, TONG Zhe, LIU Qi, et al. Tribological properties of DLC coated textured surfaces under grease lubrication[J]. Surface Technology, 2021, 50(1): 296-304.
25	刘江. 玻璃表面透明纳米结构构建技术及其防指纹机制研究[D]. 南京: 东南大学, 2020.
	LIU Jiang. Fabrication of transparent nanostructures on glass surface and the mechanism of anti-fingerprint[D]. Nanjing: Southeast University, 2020.
26	TANI H, UESARAIE Y, LU R Ｇ, et al. Hybrid lubricant film with high bonding ratio and high coverage[J]. Microsystem Technologies, 2020, 26(11): 3331-3337.
27	ROWTHU Sriharitha, DESHPANDE Pushkar, ANNAMALAI Adithyan, et al. Harnessing nano oil reservoir network for generating low friction and wear in self-mating alumina[J]. Materials & Design, 2021, 206: 109821.
28	ZHU Lili, DONG Jun, ZENG Qunfeng. High temperature solid/liquid lubrication behaviours of DLC films[J]. Lubrication Science, 2021: ls.1540.
29	刘洋, 辛虎, 李杏涛, 等. 全氟聚醚润滑脂胶体安定性的改进研究[J]. 润滑与密封, 2022, 47(4): 164-169.
	LIU Yang, XIN Hu, LI Xingtao, et al. Research on improvement of colloid stability of perfluoropolyether greases[J]. Lubrication Engineering, 2022, 47(4): 164-169.
30	王俊英, 张香文. 全氟聚醚润滑油在高温下的腐蚀性研究[J]. 润滑油, 2019, 34(2): 23-26.
	WANG Junying, ZHANG Xiangwen. Study on corrosion of perfluoropolyalkylether lubricants at high temperature[J]. Lubricating Oil, 2019, 34(2): 23-26.
31	BAI Yanyan, ZHANG Chaoyang, YU Qiangliang, et al. Supramolecular PFPE gel lubricant with anti-creep capability under irradiation conditions at high vacuum[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 409: 128120.
32	张建强, 高一鸣, 姜滢, 等. 一种改性全氟聚醚衍生物在全氟聚醚基础油中的摩擦学性能研究[J]. 表面技术, 2020, 49(9): 198-205.
	ZHANG Jianqiang, GAO Yiming, JIANG Ying, et al. Friction properties of modified perfluoropolyether derivatives in perfluoropolyether base oil[J]. Surface Technology, 2020, 49(9): 198-205.
33	白艳艳, 于强亮, 梁永民, 等. 碳酸钙纳米颗粒复合超分子凝胶润滑剂的摩擦学性能研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2022, 42(1): 2-13.
	BAI Yanyan, YU Qiangliang, LIANG Yongmin, et al. Tribological properties of a composite lubricant CaCO₃-supramolecular[J]. Tribology, 2022, 42(1): 2-13.
34	WANG Sunan, LI Ke, XIA Tao, et al. Chemical grafting fluoropolymer on cellulose nanocrystals and its rheological modification to perfluoropolyether oil[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2022, 276: 118802.
35	孙维民, 石明浩, 张毅, 等. 全氟聚醚油基磁性液体的制备及耐腐蚀性能研究[J]. 润滑与密封, 2009, 34(3): 32-35.
	SUN Weimin, SHI Minghao, ZHANG Yi, et al. Researches on preparation and properties of corrosion resistance for polyether oil-based magnetic liquid[J]. Lubrication Engineering, 2009, 34(3): 32-35.
36	刘杰. 含氟专用化学品在电子领域和5G技术中的应用[J]. 天津化工, 2020, 34(5): 36-38.
	LIU Jie. Application of fluorine-containing special chemicals in the field of electronics and 5G technology[J]. Tianjin Chemical Industry, 2020, 34(5): 36-38.
37	刘汉勇, 颜招强, 陈芳. 氟醚油基磁性液体及其密封相关性能[J]. 磁性材料及器件, 2020, 51(4): 50-54.
	LIU Hanyong, YAN Zhaoqiang, CHEN Fang. The perfluoropolyether oil based ferrofluid and its sealing-related properties[J]. Journal of Magnetic Materials and Devices, 2020, 51(4): 50-54.
38	K·库明斯. 全氟聚醚液体薄膜和使用全氟聚醚液体清洁掩模的方法: CN1517799[P]. 2004-08-04.
	CUMMINGS K. Perfluoropolyether liquid film and method for cleaning mask using perfluoropolyether liquid: CN1517799 [P]. 2004-08-04.
39	GILLET B, LANDRY-BLAIS A, LAMY M, et al. An optical red green blue sensor for monitoring the degradation of magnetorheological fluids in flow-recirculating high-torque clutch actuators[J]. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, 2021, 32(9): 921-930.
40	CHENG Yanhong, LI Decai, LI Zhenkun. Influence of rheological properties on the starting torque of magnetic fluid seal[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2021, 57(3): 1-8.
41	黄宇祥, 朱胜兰, 张鸣, 等. 热力学稳定全氟聚醚基磁流体的研制[J]. 化工新型材料, 2020, 48(4): 112-116.
	HUANG Yuxiang, ZHU Shenglan, ZHANG Ming, et al. Preparation of thermodynamical stable perfluoropolyether based magnetic fluid[J]. New Chemical Materials, 2020, 48(4): 112-116.
42	CHEN Xingyu, KAWAI Kento, ZHANG Hedong, et al. ReaxFF reactive molecular dynamics simulations of mechano-chemical decomposition of perfluoropolyether lubricants in heat-assisted magnetic recording[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2020, 124(41): 22496-22505.
43	HATSUDA K, TANO N, TANI H. Ionic liquid lubricant for ultra-low head-media spacing in hard disk drives[J]. Tribology Online, 2020, 15(4): 230-240.
44	GUO X C, KNIGGE B, MARCHON B, et al. Multidentate functionalized lubricant for ultralow head/disk spacing in a disk drive[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2006, 100(4): 044306.
45	KIELY J D, JONES P M, HOEHN J. Materials challenges for the heat-assisted magnetic recording head-disk interface[J]. MRS Bulletin, 2018, 43(2): 119-124.
46	HOLLÓCZKI O, MACCHIAGODENA M, WEBER H, et al. Triphilic ionic-liquid mixtures: Fluorinated and non-fluorinated aprotic ionic-liquid mixtures[J]. Chemphyschem: a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry, 2015, 16(15): 3325-3333.
47	FAN A, WALTMAN R J. The challenges of developing ionic liquids as tribological lubricants for thin film media[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2021, 102: 17-24.
48	WANG Bingchen, MORAN Catherine, TANG Huan, et al. Highly fluorinated ionic liquid films as nanometer-thick media lubricants for hard disk drives[J]. ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2020, 3(9): 8803-8809.
49	YANG Zongcheng, HE Xiaoyan, CHANG Jiangfan, et al. Fabrication of biomimetic slippery liquid-infused porous surface on 5086 aluminum alloy with excellent antifouling performance[J]. Surface and Interface Analysis, 2021, 53(2): 147-155.
50	RUIZ-SANCHEZ A J, GUERIN A J, EL-ZUBIR O, et al. Preparation and evaluation of fouling-release properties of amphiphilic perfluoropolyether-zwitterion cross-linked polymer films[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2020, 140: 105524.
51	钱慧娟, 宋华, 朱明亮, 等. 聚合物基疏水/超疏水涂层防垢的研究进展[J]. 应用化工, 2020, 49(3): 773-776.
	QIAN Huijuan, SONG Hua, ZHU Mingliang, et al. Research progress in scale prevention of polymer-based hydrophobic/superhydrophobic coatings[J]. Applied Chemical Industry, 2020, 49(3): 773-776.
52	钱晓燕, 裴一博, 许建民, 等. 钢片表面全氟聚醚硅氧烷涂层的耐腐蚀性能[J]. 电镀与涂饰, 2019, 38(22): 1208-1212.
	QIAN Xiaoyan, PEI Yibo, XU Jianmin, et al. Corrosion resistance of perfluoropolyether siloxane coating on steel sheet[J]. Electroplating & Finishing, 2019, 38(22): 1208-1212.
53	FENERO M, KNEZ M, SARIC I, et al. Omniphobic etched aluminum surfaces with anti-icing ability[J]. Langmuir: the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids, 2020, 36(37): 10916-10922.
54	NOWAK A P, GROSS A F, SHERMAN E, et al. Dual component passive icephobic coatings with micron-scale phase-separated 3D structures[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2021, 13(35): 42005-42013.
55	LIM S M, LEE M S, SOHN E H, et al. Perfluoropolyether-benzophenone as a highly durable, broadband anti-reflection, and anti-contamination coating[J]. Scientific Reports, 2020, 10(1): 15121.
56	冯裕智, 谢小娜, 邢杰慧, 等. 多硅氧烷改性全氟聚醚涂覆剂的制备与性能[J]. 有机硅材料, 2016, 30(3): 198-202.
	FENG Yuzhi, XIE Xiaona, XING Jiehui, et al. Preparation and properties of perfluoropolyether coating agent modified by siloxanes[J]. Silicone Material, 2016, 30(3): 198-202.
57	马正峰. 耐磨自润滑亲/疏水界面材料的构筑及其性能研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2021.
	MA Zhengfeng. Construction and performance study of wear-resistant and self-lubricating hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface materials[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2021.
58	MA Zhengfeng, WU Yang, XU Rongnian, et al. Robust hybrid omniphobic surface for stain resistance[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2021, 13(12): 14562-14568.
59	CHUN J H, CHO Y K, JIN Y E, et al. Coating properties of UV-curable polyurethane acrylate composites with lotus leaf powder[J]. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals, 2018, 660(1): 110-114.
60	孙旗龄, 裴一博, 冯裕智, 等. Y型全氟聚醚UV固化涂料的制备及其性能[J]. 合成树脂及塑料, 2020, 37(3): 25-29.
	SUN Qiling, PEI Yibo, FENG Yuzhi, et al. Preparation and properties of Y-type perfluoropolyether UV curable coatings[J]. China Synthetic Resin and Plastics, 2020, 37(3): 25-29.
61	焦岚姣, 安秋凤, 秦鹏伟, 等. 新型环保氟醚防指纹涂层的构建及性能研究[J]. 现代化工, 2021, 41(2): 130-134.
	JIAO Lanjiao, AN Qiufeng, QIN Pengwei, et al. Construction and properties of a new environmental-friendly fluoroether anti-fingerprint coating[J]. Modern Chemical Industry, 2021, 41(2): 130-134.
62	李彪, 李康康, 陈香李. 自修复超疏水涂层材料研究进展[J]. 化学通报, 2022, 85(4): 401-409.
	LI Biao, LI Kangkang, CHEN Xiangli. Progress in self-healing superhydrophobic materials[J]. Chemistry, 2022, 85(4): 401-409.
63	刘静, 雷西萍, 于婷, 等. 纳米SiO₂@超支化PDMS复合超疏水涂层的制备与性能调控[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022. DOI:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220331.002 .
	LIU Jing, LEI Xiping, YU Ting, et al. Construction and property regulation of nano-SiO₂@hyperbranched PDMS composite superhydrophobic coating[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022. DOI:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220331.002 .
64	韩佳, 勾昱君, 李怡达, 等. 具有光热效应的超疏水表面防覆冰研究[J]. 制冷, 2022, 41(1): 13-18.
	HAN Jia, GOU Yujun, LI Yida, et al. Anti-icing of superhydrophobic surfaces with photothermal effect[J]. Refrigeration, 2022, 41(1): 13-18.
65	王威, 余新泉, 张友法. 仿蝉翼超疏水疏油玻璃防指纹特性研究[J]. 表面技术, 2021, 50(10): 40-47.
	WANG Wei, YU Xinquan, ZHANG Youfa. Study on anti-fingerprint properties of biomimetic cicada-wing superhydro(oleo)phobic glass[J]. Surface Technology, 2021, 50(10): 40-47.
66	CASAZZA E, MARIANI A, RICCO L, et al. Synthesis, characterization, and properties of a novel acrylic terpolymer with pendant perfluoropolyether segments[J]. Polymer, 2002, 43(4): 1207-1214.
67	CHAROLA A E, TUCCI A, KOESTLER R J. On the reversibility of treatments with acrylic/silicone resin mixtures[J]. Journal of the American Institute for Conservation, 1986, 25(2): 83-92.
68	CHIANTORE O, LAZZARI M. Photo-oxidative stability of paraloid acrylic protective polymers[J]. Polymer, 2001, 42(1): 17-27.
69	CAO Yijian, SALVINI Antonella, CAMAITI Mara. Facile design of “sticky” near superamphiphobic surfaces on highly porous substrate[J]. Materials & Design, 2018, 153: 139-152.
70	PAN Jun, XU Xianli, WANG Zhaohui, et al. Innovative hydrophobic/hydrophilic perfluoropolyether (PFPE)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membrane for vacuum membrane distillation[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2022, 45: 248-257.
71	PAN Jun, ZHANG Fangli, WANG Zhaohui, et al. Enhanced anti-wetting and anti-fouling properties of composite PFPE/PVDF membrane in vacuum membrane distillation[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2022, 282: 120084.
72	CAO Yijian, SALVINI Antonella, CAMAITI Mara. Superhydrophobic fluorinated oligomers as protective agents for outdoor stone artworks[J]. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 2020, 44: 90-97.
73	ZHENG Hongpeng, LIU Li, MENG Fandi, et al. Multifunctional superhydrophobic coatings fabricated from basalt scales on a fluorocarbon coating base[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2021, 84: 86-96.
74	GAO Tiantian, GU Xixi, GUO Shengtong, et al. Synthesis, self-assembly of perfluoropolyether based ABA-triblock copolymers for superhydrophobic surface applications[J]. Polymer, 2020, 205: 122732.
75	ZENG Zijing, HE Jianjun, Jun JIE, et al. Effect of perfluoropolyether and the micro nano structure of ZnO on anti icing performance of fluorinated organic superhydrophobicity coatings on wind turbine blade surface[J]. Materials Research Express, 2021, 8(11): 115008.
76	舒忠虎, 何建军, 段焱森, 等. 复合氟化改性制备EP-ZnO纳米超疏水涂层的研究[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(S2): 56-59.
	SHU Zhonghu, HE Jianjun, DUAN Yansen, et al. Study on preparation of EP-ZnO nano superhydrophobic coating by compound fluorination modification[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(S2): 56-59.
77	WONG T S, KANG S H, TANG S K Y, et al. Bioinspired self-repairing slippery surfaces with pressure-stable omniphobicity[J]. Nature, 2011, 477(7365): 443-447.
78	YU Mengnan, LIU Mingming, HOU Yuanyuan, et al. Facile fabrication of biomimetic slippery lubricant-infused transparent and multifunctional omniphobic surfaces[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2020, 55(10): 4225-4237.
79	LI Dandan, LIN Zaiwen, ZHU Jiahui, et al. An engineering-oriented approach to construct rough micro/nano-structures for anticorrosion and antifouling application[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2021, 621: 126590.
80	ASAWA K, KUMAR S, HUANG Y P, et al. Guiding light via slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2021, 118(9): 091602.
81	STEWART C A C, KOK T W, LEE K H K, et al. A spontaneous one-step fabrication of slippery gel coatings[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2022, 572: 151341.
82	ENGELS H W, PIRKL H G, ALBERS R, et al. Polyurethanes: Versatile materials and sustainable problem solvers for today's challenges[J]. Angewandte Chemie (International Ed in English), 2013, 52(36): 9422-9441.
83	WANG Shengyu, LIU Weifeng, YANG Dongjie, et al. Highly resilient lignin-containing polyurethane foam[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2019, 58(1): 496-504.
84	赵芸, 焦晓光, 郭冰之, 等. 含氟聚氨酯的制备及性能研究[J]. 北京理工大学学报, 2021, 41(9): 1015-1022.
	ZHAO Yun, JIAO Xiaoguang, GUO Bingzhi, et al. Preparation of fluorinated polyurethane and property analysis[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2021, 41(9): 1015-1022.
85	SMITH D D. Fluorinated polyurethane resins: US2911390[P]. 1959-11-03.
86	潘学梅, 武元鹏, 邓瑾妮, 等. 水性含氟聚氨酯的研究进展[J]. 高分子通报, 2009(2): 33-41.
	PAN Xuemei, WU Yuanpeng, DENG Jinni, et al. Synthesis and studies on water-borne fluorinated polyurethanes[J]. Polymer Bulletin, 2009(2): 33-41.
87	YU Yitao, WANG Jing, ZONG Jianping, et al. Synthesis of a fluoro-diol and preparation of fluorinated waterborne polyurethanes with high elongation at break[J]. Journal of Macromolecular Science A, 2018, 55(2): 183-191.
88	黄志国, 辛梅华, 李明春, 等. 含氟聚氨酯的制备研究进展[J]. 化学工程与装备, 2013(8): 168-174.
	HUANG Zhiguo, XIN Meihua, LI Mingchun, et al. Advance in synthesis of fluorinated polyurethane[J]. Chemical Engineering & Equipment, 2013(8): 168-174.
89	秦凤鸣, 李香玉, 王锦艳, 等. 有机硅改性聚氨酯/纳米SiO₂复合超疏水涂层的制备[J]. 高分子学报, 2021, 52(9): 1165-1173.
	QIN Fengming, LI Xiangyu, WANG Jinyan, et al. Preparation of silicone modified polyurethane/nano-SiO₂ composite superhydrophobic coating[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, 2021, 52(9): 1165-1173.
90	NOWAK A P, GROSS A F, SHERMAN E, et al. Sprayable perfluoropolyether/poly(ethylene glycol) segmented polyurethane coatings with micron-scale phase separated 3D structure[J]. Polymer, 2021, 212: 123279.
91	杨莹, 王成忠, 江盛玲, 等. 含氟聚硅氧烷改性聚氨酯的制备及性能研究[J]. 中国胶粘剂, 2020, 29(11): 8-12.
	YANG Ying, WANG Chengzhong, JIANG Shengling, et al. Study on preparation and properties of fluorine-containing polysiloxane modified polyurethane[J]. China Adhesives, 2020, 29(11): 8-12.
92	BALZAROTTI R, LATORRATA S, MARIANI M, et al. Optimization of perfluoropolyether-based gas diffusion media preparation for PEM fuel cells[J]. Energies, 2020, 13(7): 1831.
93	汪慧思, 陶博文, 张小平, 等. 含氟聚氨酯研究进展及其在推进剂中的应用展望[J]. 化学推进剂与高分子材料, 2019, 17(2): 13-17, 60.
	WANG Huisi, TAO Bowen, ZHANG Xiaoping, et al. Research progress of fluorine-containing polyurethanes and their application prospects in propellants[J]. Chemical Propellants & Polymeric Materials, 2019, 17(2): 13-17, 60.
94	孙建英, 卿凤翎. 高性能有机氟材料制备科学及应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(9): 3395-3402.
	SUN Jianying, QING Fengling. Progress in preparation and application of high performance fluorinated organic materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(9): 3395-3402.
95	GU Xixi, GAO Tiantian, MENG Xiangping, et al. Enhanced hydrophobicity of polyurethane with the self-assembly of perfluoropolyether-based triblock copolymers[J]. Progress in Organic Coatings, 2022, 162: 106561.
96	LOPEZ G, AMÉDURI B, HABAS J P. A perfluoropolyether-based elastomers library with on-demand thermorheological features[J]. European Polymer Journal, 2017, 95: 207-215.
97	DEVAUX D, VILLALUENGA I, BHATT M, et al. Crosslinked perfluoropolyether solid electrolytes for lithium ion transport[J]. Solid State Ionics, 2017, 310: 71-80.
98	XIAO Chuan, ZHAO Yuming, ZHOU Wei. Nanoimprinted conducting nanopillar arrays made of MWCNT/polymer nanocomposites: A study by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[J]. Nanoscale Advances, 2021, 3(2): 556-566.
99	王维, 王冬, 东为富. 新型疏水聚氨酯硬质泡沫的绿色制备及其性能研究[J]. 中国塑料, 2021, 35(4): 23-29.
	WANG Wei, WANG Dong, DONG Weifu. Green preparation and properties of new hydrophobic rigid polyurethane foams[J]. China Plastics, 2021, 35(4): 23-29.
100	JIAO Xiaoguang, FENG Zhongtai, JIAO Qingze, et al. Fluorinated polyurethane-based enameled wires with a low friction coefficient[J]. ACS Omega, 2021, 6(7): 4719-4725.
101	CHIANG H C, FANG M F, OKAMOTO Y. Mechanical, optical and gas transport properties of poly(perfluoro-2-methylene-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane) membrane containing perfluoropolyether as a plasticizer[J]. Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 2020, 236: 109572.
102	MA Qiang, LIAO Shenglong, MA Yingchao, et al. An ultra-low-temperature elastomer with excellent mechanical performance and solvent resistance[J]. Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla), 2021, 33(36): e2102096.
103	FRIESEN C M, AMÉDURI B. Outstanding telechelic perfluoropolyalkylethers and applications therefrom[J]. Progress in Polymer Science, 2018, 81: 238-280.
104	MONTARNAL D, CAPELOT M, TOURNILHAC F, et al. Silica-like malleable materials from permanent organic networks[J]. Science, 2011, 334(6058): 965-968.
105	KRISHNAKUMAR B, SANKA R V, BINDER W H, et al. Vitrimers: Associative dynamic covalent adaptive networks in thermoset polymers[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 385: 123820.
106	HAYASHI M, OBARA H, MIWA Y. Design and basic properties of polyester vitrimers combined with an ionomer concept[J]. Molecular Systems Design & Engineering, 2021, 6(3): 234-241.
107	GUERRE M, TAPLAN C, NICOLAŸ R, et al. Fluorinated vitrimer elastomers with a dual temperature response[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2018, 140(41): 13272-13284.
108	LOPEZ G, GRANADO L, COQUIL G, et al. Perfluoropolyether (PFPE)-based vitrimers with ionic conductivity[J]. Macromolecules, 2019, 52(5): 2148-2155.

样品	摩擦系数	磨斑直径/mm
PFPE	0.097	0.392
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚醇	0.095	0.352
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酸	0.110	0.429
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酰胺	0.116	0.294
PFPE+2% F	0.073	0.303

样品	摩擦系数	磨斑直径/mm
PFPE	0.097	0.392
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚醇	0.095	0.352
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酸	0.110	0.429
PFPE+2%全氟聚醚酰胺	0.116	0.294
PFPE+2% F	0.073	0.303

类别	接触角/(°)
类别	水	二碘甲烷	十六烷
PET膜	68.8	32.3	2.5
PET膜+涂层	112.4	96.6	77.9

类别	接触角/(°)
类别	水	二碘甲烷	十六烷
PET膜	68.8	32.3	2.5
PET膜+涂层	112.4	96.6	77.9

样品	PFPE乙二醇（摩尔分数）/%	分子量（M_n）	摩擦系数	接触角/(°)		击穿电压/V
样品	PFPE乙二醇（摩尔分数）/%	分子量（M_n）	摩擦系数	水	油	击穿电压/V
PU	0	41084	0.149±0.005	74.7	91.1	2.7198±0.0570
co-FPU20	20	42084	0.148±0.007	75.9	91.1	3.3680±0.2943
co-FPU50	50	20543	0.132±0.001	97.0	90.9	3.1286±0.0188
FPU100	100	45877	0.095±0.005	102.7	92.1	3.1696±0.1586