化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 6443-6453.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0300

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

微塑料老化的人工干预及理化特性表征研究进展

陈国栋1(), 刘海成1,2(), 孟无霜1, 尤雨1, 张皓1, 曹梦茹1   

  1. 1.苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏 苏州 215009
    2.河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏 南京 210098
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-28 修回日期:2022-04-25 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘海成
  • 作者简介:陈国栋(1994—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为微塑料环境污染与防治。E-mail:1372840158@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(2017B20514);苏州科技大学国家自然科学基金培育项目(XKZ2019007);江苏省研究生实践创新计划(SJCX20_1095)

Research progress on artificial intervention and characterization of physicochemical properties of microplastics aging

CHEN Guodong1(), LIU Haicheng1,2(), MENG Wushuang1, YOU Yu1, ZHANG Hao1, CAO Mengru1   

  1. 1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, Jiangsu, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2022-02-28 Revised:2022-04-25 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2022-12-29
  • Contact: LIU Haicheng

摘要:

微塑料在环境中会经历自然老化的过程。由于存在老化发生缓慢和过程复杂等问题,自然老化不利于开展环境中微塑料的长期命运和风险评估研究。因此,研究人员在试验中已普遍采用人工干预技术加速微塑料的老化进程,但所用加速老化的方法类型和参数条件却存在差异。本文总结了现有微塑料老化研究中所采用的人工干预技术,并指出了各自的特点及适用性。在这些老化方法中,光辐射和高级氧化技术因操作简单、老化效果明显而应用尤为广泛。然后,从微观形貌、比表面积、表面官能团等多个方面阐述了老化过程引起的微塑料理化特性变化,并介绍了相应表征技术的应用。最后,针对未来的微塑料老化研究工作,提出了重视微塑料的原位环境老化研究、考虑多种老化途径或环境因素、考察添加剂或氧化副产物的释放问题以及制订微塑料老化的试验标准/协议等建议,以期为老化技术的发展和相关标准的制订提供支持。

关键词: 微塑料, 加速老化, 理化特性, 环境风险

Abstract:

Microplastics could undergo natural aging process in the environment. Due to the problems of slow aging and complex process, natural aging is not conducive to the research on long-term fate and risk assessment of microplastics in the environment. Therefore, the researchers used artificial intervention techniques to accelerate the aging process of microplastics in the experiment, but the method types and parameter conditions used to accelerate aging are different. This paper summarizes the artificial intervention techniques used in the existing microplastics aging research, and pointed out their characteristics and applicability. Among these aging methods, the optical radiation and advanced oxidation processes are widely used because of simple operation and obvious aging effect. Then, the changes in physicochemical properties of microplastics caused by aging process are described from the aspects of micro-morphology, specific surface area and surface functional groups, and introduced the application of corresponding characterization techniques. Finally, for the future research work of microplastics aging, some suggestions are proposed to provide support for aging technology development and relevant standards formulation, such as emphasizing the in situ environmental aging research of microplastics, considering various aging ways or environmental factors, investigating the release of additives or oxidation by-products, and formulating the standard / protocol of microplastics aging.

Key words: microplastics, accelerated aging, physicochemical properties, environmental risk

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