化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 3170-3177.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1567

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米木质素基多孔炭的制备及其电化学性能

娄瑞1(), 刘钰1, 田杰1, 张亚男2   

  1. 1.陕西科技大学机电工程学院,陕西 西安 710021
    2.陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西 西安 710021
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-23 修回日期:2021-09-18 出版日期:2022-06-10 发布日期:2022-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 娄瑞
  • 作者简介:娄瑞(1983—),女,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为生物质高效转化利用。E-mail:lourui@sust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点研发计划(2021SF-502);陕西高校青年创新团队计划(2019)

Preparation of LNP-based hierarchical porous carbon and its electrochemical properties

LOU Rui1(), LIU Yu1, TIAN Jie1, ZHANG Yanan2   

  1. 1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China
    2.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2021-07-23 Revised:2021-09-18 Online:2022-06-10 Published:2022-06-21
  • Contact: LOU Rui

摘要:

基于绿色低共熔溶剂(DES)高效分离麦草生物质组分以制备纳米木质素(LNP),本文采用化学活化法并进一步热解炭化制备纳米木质素基多孔炭(LNPC)。借助SEM、Raman、BET-物理吸附等分析手段研究了锌系活化剂及热解炭化温度(600℃、700℃、800℃)对LNPC的结构特征及电化学性能的影响。研究结果表明,相对于LNP直接热解炭化后纳米碳粒子的极易团聚,经锌化物活化后所制备的LNPC表现出更好的分散性和多级孔道形貌结构。尤其,以ZnCO3活化后制备的LNPC-ZnCO3-800具有更突出的性能,较高石墨化程度(ID/IG为0.68)、较高BET比表面积(679m2/g)、高介孔率(86.7%)、均匀纳米碳粒子构成的介孔结构。此外,以LNPC-ZnCO3-800制备的工作电极,在0.5A/g时的比电容可达179F/g,与直接热解炭化的LNPC-800(64F/g)相比,其比电容的容量提高了180%。

关键词: 纳米木质素, 活化, 热解, 多孔炭, 电化学

Abstract:

Based on green deep eutectic solvent (DES), wheat straw biomass fractionations were efficiently isolated to prepare lignin nanoparticles (LNP). LNP-based carbon (LNPC) with hierarchical porous microstructure was prepared by chemical activation and further pyrolysis and carbonization. The influences of Zn-activators and pyrolysis temperatures (600℃, 700℃, 800℃) on the structural properties and electrochemical performances of LNPC were studied by means of SEM, Raman, BET analyzers, etc. The results proved that the activated LNPC with Zn-activators exhibited better dispersibility and more hierarchical porous morphology compared with LNPC from direct pyrolysis consisted of massive carbon nanoparticles aggregation. In particular, LNPC-ZnCO3-800 possessed outstanding performances on better graphitization (ID/IG=0.68), higher BET specific surface area (679m2/g), more mesoporous pores (86.7%) and uniform carbon nanoparticles. Moreover, LNPC-ZnCO3-800 had a high specific capacitance of 179F/g at a current density of 0.5A/g, which was 180% higher than that of LNPC-800 (64F/g).

Key words: lignin nanoparticles, activation, pyrolysis, porous carbon, electrochemical

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