化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 2981-2992.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1551

• 工业催化 • 上一篇    下一篇

羰基化合物直接还原胺化合成伯胺催化剂研究进展

吴静航1(), 陈臣举1,2(), 梁杰1,2(), 张春雷1,2()   

  1. 1.上海师范大学化学与材料科学学院,上海 200234
    2.上海绿色能源化工工程技术研究中心,上海 200234
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-21 修回日期:2021-11-19 出版日期:2022-06-10 发布日期:2022-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 陈臣举,梁杰,张春雷
  • 作者简介:吴静航(1996—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为工业催化。E-mail:1067280529@qq.com

Recent progress in the synthesis of primary amine via direct reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones

WU Jinghang1(), CHEN Chenju1,2(), LIANG Jie1,2(), ZHANG Chunlei1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
    2.Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Green Energy Chemical Engineering, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Received:2021-07-21 Revised:2021-11-19 Online:2022-06-10 Published:2022-06-21
  • Contact: CHEN Chenju,LIANG Jie,ZHANG Chunlei

摘要:

胺类化合物是一类重要的化工原料和中间体,在农药、医药、染料、高分子聚合物等领域有着广泛的应用。通过羰基化合物(醛或酮类)的还原胺化来制备胺类化合物是当前的研究热点。研究表明,贵金属基和非贵金属基的多相和均相催化剂均能够高效催化醛或酮类的还原胺化反应。本文对近年来羰基化合物直接还原胺化(或一锅法)合成伯胺的研究现状进行了综述,包括还原胺化反应、催化剂、反应条件、底物适用范围和催化作用机制等,其中重点阐述了直接还原胺化催化剂的研究进展。文章指出:通常多相催化剂具有活性高以及可重复使用等优点,而均相催化剂的优势在于催化效率高,伯胺选择性高;另一方面,以Pd、Rh、Ru等为代表的贵金属催化剂催化性能优异,但价格昂贵,因此可采用Co、Ni等性能同样优异但价格相对低廉的非贵金属催化剂以降低成本。文中提出,催化效率高、反应条件温和、普适性高的羰基化合物还原胺化催化剂应成为未来重点研究方向。

关键词: 直接还原胺化, 羰基化合物, 伯胺, 均相催化, 多相催化, 催化剂

Abstract:

Amines, especially primary amines, have been extensively employed in pesticide, medicine, dye and high molecular polymer as raw materials or intermediates. Recently, direct reductive amination of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes or ketones) has been a research focus for synthesizing primary amines. Heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts based on noble and non-noble metals have been proven to be efficient for direct reductive amination of carbonyl compounds. In this paper, we carefully review the state of art of direct reductive amination of carbonyl compounds (one-pot method) to synthesize primary amines, including reaction profile, recent progress in catalysts, reaction conditions, the substrate scope and catalytic mechanism, especially the catalysts. Generally, heterogeneous catalysts are highly active and could be reused, while homogeneous catalysts have the advantages of high efficiency and high primary amines selectivity. On the other hand, noble catalysts like Pd, Rh and Ru are more active and expensive, so non-noble metal based catalysts like Co and Ni catalysts could be alternative for the sake of economic. Thus, the catalysts for direct reductive amination to synthesize primary amines with high efficiency, mild reaction condition and high universality should be developed.

Key words: direct reductive amination, carbonyl compounds, primary amine, homogeneous catalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, catalysts

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