纳米氟化镧对生物质燃油碳烟颗粒流润滑特性影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1714

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探索极端乏油工况下碳烟颗粒在发动机摩擦副界面的功效及润滑油添加剂的作用，本文采用往复摩擦磨损试验机研究了纳米氟化镧（nano-LaF₃）颗粒对往复滑动条件下生物质燃油碳烟（BS）颗粒流润滑性能的影响。借助拉曼光谱仪、3D激光扫描显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪等仪器探讨了滑动条件下nano-LaF₃对BS颗粒流润滑特性的影响作用机理。结果表明：当nano-LaF₃的添加质量分数大于20%时能显著改善往复滑动条件下BS颗粒的抗磨减摩性能，并且随着nano-LaF₃添加浓度的增大，摩擦表面碳烟石墨化程度和石墨微晶尺寸均增大。nano-LaF₃在含BS颗粒流润滑的摩擦界面形成了LaF₃摩擦膜以及含镧化合物、碳氧化合物及铁氧化合物的化学复合反应膜，同时nano-LaF₃会加大诱导碳烟的石墨化作用，从而增强了BS颗粒流润滑的减摩性。

关键词: 生物质燃油, 碳烟, 纳米氟化镧, 颗粒流, 润滑

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of soot particles on the friction pair interface of engine and the role of lubricating oil additives under extremely starved oil condition, a reciprocal friction and wear tester was performed to investigate the effect of nano-LaF₃ on the granular flow lubrication behavior of biomass fuel soot (BS) particles under reciprocating friction condition. The roles of the nano-LaF₃ between rubbing surfaces were analyzed by the Raman spectrometry, 3D laser scanning microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. Results showed that the wear resistance and friction reduction of friction pairs could been significantly improved under reciprocating sliding conditions as the addition mass fraction of the nano-LaF₃ was more than 20%. With the increasing of nano-LaF₃ content, the graphitization degree of soot was increased on the wear surface. Meanwhile, the graphite crystallite size was increased. The lubrication mechanisms of the nano-LaF₃ for BS granular flow lubrication under sliding condition were attributed to the formation of tribo-films including LaF₃ and other lanthanum compounds, carbon oxides and iron oxides on the wear surface. At the same time, the nano-LaF₃ would induce the more graphite transition of soot under the sliding condition which sequentially enhanced the antifriction ability of BS granular flow lubrication.

Key words: biomass fuel, soot, nano-LaF₃, granular flow, lubrication

中图分类号:

刘天霞, 康凯, 王建, 汤占岐, 胡献国. 纳米氟化镧对生物质燃油碳烟颗粒流润滑特性影响[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(8): 3354-3361.

Tianxia LIU, Kai KANG, Jian WANG, Zhanqi TANG, Xianguo HU. Effect of nano-LaF₃ on the granular flow lubrication behavior of biomass fuel soot[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(8): 3354-3361.

参考文献

1	CHIN-HSIANG L, WHEI-MAY L, JIUN-JIAN L. Morphological and semi-quantitative characteristics of diesel soot agglomerates emitted from commercial vehicles and a dynamometer[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2009, 21(4): 452-457.
2	孟凡净, 刘焜, 吴华伟. 颗粒流润滑剪切膨胀的力学机制研究[J]. 工程力学, 2018, 35(8): 236-244.
2	MENG Fanjing, LIU Kun, WU Huawei. Research on mechanical mechanism of shear dilatancy for granular flow lubrication[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2018, 35(8): 236-244.
3	孟凡净, 刘焜. 颗粒流润滑系统力传输行为的试验研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2018, 38(6): 645-651.
3	MENG Fanjing, LIU Kun. Experimental study of force transmitting behaviors in the granular lubrication system[J]. Tribology, 2018, 38(6): 645-651.
4	BHOWMICK H, MAJUMDAR S K, BISWAS S K. Dry tribology and nanomechanics of gaseous flame soot in comparison with carbon black and diesel soot[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 2012, 226(2): 394-403.
5	唐卡, 宋汝鸿, 胡恩柱, 等. 往复滑动干摩擦条件下碳烟颗粒的摩擦学特性研究 [J].摩擦学学报, 2015, 35(2): 198-205.
5	TANG Ka, SONG Ruhong, HU Enzhu, et al. Tribological behavior of soot particles under reciprocal dry sliding condition[J]. Tribology, 2015, 35(2): 198-205.
6	张斌, 胡恩柱, 刘天霞, 等. 生物质燃油碳烟颗粒的形貌、结构与组分表征[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(1): 441-448.
6	ZHANG Bin, HU Enzhu, LIU Tianxia, et al. Characterization of morphology, structure and composition of soot particles from biomass fuel[J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66 (1): 441-448.
7	CHEN T J, WU C, LIU R H, et al. Effect of hot vapor filtration on the characterization of bio-oil from rice husks with fast pyrolysis in a fluidized-bed reactor[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2011, 102(10): 6178-6185.
8	HU E Z, HU X G, XU Y F, et al. Investigation of morphology, structure and composition of biomass-oil soot particles[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2013, 270: 596-603.
9	HU E Z, HU X G, LIU T X, et al. Role of TiF₃ catalyst in the tribological properties of biofuel soot-contaminated liquid paraffin[J]. Tribology International, 2014, 77: 122-131.
10	刘天霞, 胡恩柱, 金涛, 等. 生物质燃油碳烟的组成、结构与摩擦学特性研究[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2014, 34(4): 379-387.
10	LIU Tianxia, HU Enzhu, JIN Tao, et al. Composition and structure as well as tribological performance of bio-fuel soot[J]. Tribology, 2014, 34(4): 379-387.
11	胡恩柱, 胡坤宏, 徐勇, 等.摩擦诱导生物燃料碳烟微粒组分与结构变化机制研究[J]. 摩擦学学报,2016, 36(2):185-193.
11	HU Enzhu, HU Kunhong, XU Yong, et al. Friction-induced structure and composition change mechanisms of bio-fuel soot particles[J]. Tribology, 2016, 36(2): 185-193.
12	HU E Z, DEARN K, YANG B X, et al. Tribofilm formation and characterization of lubricating oils with biofuel soot and inorganic fluorides[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 107: 163-172.
13	YANG C Z, HOU X, LI Z W, et al. Preparation of surface-modified lanthanum fluoride-graphene oxidenanohybrids and evaluation of their tribological properties aslubricant additive in liquid paraffin[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2016(388): 497-502.
14	张祥, 朱新河, 冯晓辉, 等. 基于纳米氟化镧添加剂的润滑油摩擦学性能[J]. 大连海事大学学报, 2017, 43(1): 126-130.
14	ZHANG Xiang, ZHU Xinhe, FENG Xiaohui, et al. Tribological properties of lube added with lanthanum fluoride nanoparticles[J]. Journal of Dalian Maritime University, 2017, 43(1): 126-130.
15	周丽丽. 生物质油/柴油均相体系的制备工艺与性能表征[D]. 合肥: 合肥工业大学, 2010.
15	ZHOU Lili. Preparation and characterization of homogeneous blends of biomass-oil/diesel[D]. Hefei: Hefei University of Technology, 2010.
16	PATEL M, RICARDO C L A, SCARDI P, et al. Morphology, structure and chemistry of extracted diesel soot: Part I: Transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and synchrotron X-Ray diffraction study[J]. Tribology International, 2012, 52: 29-39.
17	ROCCA A LA, DI LIBERTO G, SHAYLER P J, et al. The nanostructure of soot-in-oil particles and agglomerates from an automotive diesel engine[J]. Tribology International, 2013, 61: 80-87.
18	刘天霞, 宋汝鸿, 胡恩柱, 等, 燃油碳烟颗粒的表面特性与润滑油黏度行为[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(10): 4123-4130.
18	LIU Tianxia, SONG Ruhong, HU Enzhu, et al. Effect of surface properties of fuel soot particles on viscosity of lubricating oil[J]. CIESC Journal, 2015, 66(10): 4123-4130
19	王伟, 刘小君, 刘焜. 颗粒流润滑过程中粉末层的微观破坏形式和机理分析[J]. 摩擦学学报, 2012, 32(3): 258-263.
19	WANG Wei, LIU Xiaojun, LIU Kun. Micro damages and mechanism of a powder layer under particulate lubrication[J]. Tribology, 2012, 32(3): 258-263.
20	杨智勇, 曹子君, 李典庆, 等. 颗粒接触摩擦系数空间变异性对颗粒流双轴数值试验的影响[J]. 工程力学, 2017, 34(5): 235-246.
20	YANG Zhiyong, CAO Zijun, LI Dianqing, et al. Effect of spatially variable friction coefficient of granular materials on its macro-mechanical behaviors using biaxial compression numerical simulation[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2017, 34(5): 235-246.
21	IZQUIERDO S, LóPEZ C I, VALDéS J R, et al. Multiscale characterization of computational rough surfaces and their wear using self-affine principal profiles[J]. Wear, 2012, 274/275: 1-7.
22	UC-CAYETANO E G, AVILES F, CAUICH-RODRIGUEZ J V, et al. Influence of nanotube physicochemical properties on the decoration of multiwall carbon nanotubes with magnetic particles[J]. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2014, 16: 2192-2204.
23	PARENT P, LAFFON C, MARHABA I, et al. Nanoscale characterization of aircraft soot: a high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron and near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy study[J]. Carbon, 2016, 101: 90-92.

[1]	向硕, 卢鹏, 石伟年, 杨鑫, 何燕, 朱立业, 孔祥微. 二维WS₂纳米片的规模化可控制备及其摩擦学性能[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4783-4790.
[2]	齐承鲁, 张忠良, 王明超, 李耀鹏, 宫晓辉, 孙鹏, 郑斌. 内置管束布置对换热器内固体颗粒流动的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2306-2314.
[3]	杨鑫, 许红, 胡卫勋, 刘泓佐, 龙泉芝, 朱立业. 基于超临界CO₂萃取再生废润滑油[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(10): 5399-5405.
[4]	刘洋, 赵恒, 李倩, 辛虎, 李杏涛. 全氟聚醚聚合物及其功能复合材料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 321-335.
[5]	秦建, 刘天霞, 王建, 卢星. 油酸改性石墨烯/二硫化钼复合材料润滑添加剂的制备及摩擦学特性[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(9): 4973-4985.
[6]	尹少武, 张朝, 康鹏, 韩嘉维, 王立. 硅粉氮化输送床内气固反应过程数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2256-2267.
[7]	毛瑞云, 段庆华. 环氧生物质油在合成润滑油基础油的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(S2): 340-347.
[8]	于忠臣, 刘长春, 董喜贵, 刘书孟, 孙冰, 李可. 深层滤床反冲洗技术及其油田水处理领域应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(5): 2753-2761.
[9]	顾丽敏, 薛伟. 氧化石墨烯改性水性半合成液压支架用浓缩液的制备与性能[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(3): 1611-1618.
[10]	敬加强, 黄婉妮, 宋学华, 罗佳琪, 宋扬, 戢慧, 罗遒汉, 王思汗. 基于Fluent的井下油水分离和润滑过程中新型润滑元件设计分析[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(11): 5929-5938.
[11]	蒋好, 朱有健, 邵敬爱, 成伟, 吴贵豪, 杨海平, 陈汉平. 生物质热解碳烟的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(10): 5772-5785.
[12]	叶青,杨建鑫,李泳江,余志毅. 润滑管道内油气两相流压力脉动特性分析[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(08): 3596-3603.
[13]	邱在磊. 钻井液用石蜡乳油的制备及应用[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(05): 2429-2433.
[14]	韦庆文, 张立栋, 王擎. 回转干馏炉内扰流件的扰动及增混特性[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(05): 2112-2122.
[15]	张雅琳, 张占全, 王燕, 张志华. 费托合成油和石油基油加工产品对比分析[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(10): 3781-3787.