费托合成油和石油基油加工产品对比分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-2079

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 费托合成及煤化工的发展能够有效缓解我国对石油资源的依赖。本文针对低温煤基合成油与传统石油基石脑油、煤油、柴油、润滑油和蜡产品性能进行对比。文章指出与传统石油基产品对比，费托合成油产品具有蜡含量高、无硫、无氮、少芳烃的特性，满足清洁油品的环保要求，同时在高档润滑油基础油和高熔点石蜡等高附加值产品生产方面更具竞争优势。但费托合成油加工的油品普遍存在凝点、冰点、密度等相关关键指标不合格问题，不同油品的生产，均需要通过异构、精制、裂化、重整等技术改善油品的低温流动性，并通过切割、掺炼等工艺改进才能生产符合标准的油品。文章提出结合我国清洁燃料消费及能源结构调整的变化，费托合成工艺和煤制油应发挥高端产品优势，延伸加工产业链，实现粗放型加工向产业链高端迈进。

关键词: 费托合成, 润滑油基础油, 高熔点蜡

Abstract: The development of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process and coal-chemical industry can ease the dependency on petroleum resource effectively in China. This review mainly discuss the differences in properties between low temperature coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesized products and petroleum based products, including gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, lubricating base oil and waxes. It is figured out that the Fischer-Tropsch derived products are characteristic of low sulfur, nitrogen and aromatics content, high concentration of paraffin, which can meet environmental regulations for clean fuels. Particularly, the synthetic Fischer-Tropsch products is more competitively advantageous towards the production of waxes with high drop-melting point and lubricating base oil with high performance. But some key index such as condensation point, freezing point and density of the products of Fischer-Tropsch oil are not up to standard. The derived jet fuels, diesel, and lubricating base oil derived products should improve their low temperature flow properties via hydro-refining, hydro -isomerization, hydrocracking and blending approaches, which can meet the standard requirement. Taking consideration of the adjustment of energy consumption from diesel to gasoline and chemical feedstock in China, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process and coal-to-liquids (CTL) should head for the development of high-end products, extend its industrial chain, and realize the processing shift from extensive processing to high-end industrial chain.

Key words: F-T synthesis, lubricating base oil, high melting point waxes

中图分类号:

TE626

张雅琳, 张占全, 王燕, 张志华. 费托合成油和石油基油加工产品对比分析[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(10): 3781-3787.

ZHANG Yalin, ZHANG Zhanquan, WANG Yan, ZHANG Zhihua. Comparative analysis of products from Fischer-Tropsch oil and petroleum based oil[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(10): 3781-3787.

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