The synthesis of ethylene glycol from syngas via hydrogenation of oxalate is a novel non-oil route to obtain bulk chemicals. Due to the “deficient oil，lean gas，rich coal” energy structure in China，research on the technology bears a realistic and strategic significance. This paper introduces recent research on Cu-based catalyst applied in the hydrogenation of oxalate to EG and presents a discussion on the influences of support and additive on the activity and selectivity of catalyst. An insight was made on the catalyst structure and the formation mechanism of copper valence states，as well as its influences on catalytic performance. The internal diffusion and shaping process of the catalyst have also been discussed and analyzed in this paper. Moreover，the paper introduces the progress in scaling up and engineering of the process. Developing new catalyst with high activity and mechanical strength has been proposed as one important subject for the hydrogenation of oxalate. Furthermore，the application of irregular shape catalyst may tackle the engineering problem of the higher bed resistance of catalyst. Finally，developing thermal stable Cu-based catalyst is suggested to be one of the important aspects of this subject.

Nanofluids preparation methods including vapor deposition，alloying and dispersion and dispersion technologies covering physical dispersion and chemical dispersion were reviewed in the paper. The latest research developments of gas-liquid mass transfer enhancement processes and mechanisms were summarized. The mechanisms of nanofluids enhancing the gas-liquid mass transfer were analyzed in detail，including grazing effect，inhibition of bubble coalescence，mixing of the gas-liquid boundary layer and permeating. Four prospective fields for additional research were proposed in order to obtain a unified theory. These four fields were summarized as below：the mutual effect of influence factors; more systems except NH3/nanofluids，CO2/nanofluids，CO/nanofluids and vapor/nanofluids; concentration distribution and velocity distribution near gas-liquid interface; and interaction of nanoparticles and gas-liquid interface.

Biodiesel is reliable as an alternative fuel for petroleum diesel. It is crucial and important to analyze biodiesel qualitatively and quantitatively at a high speed，which is a focus issue in the field of analytical chemistry as well. Most analysis of biodiesel can be done through improving and adjusting traditional gas chromatography (GC) method appropriately. The application of GC on biodiesel analysis is introduced. The methods of qualification and quantification of mono-alkyl esters，glycerol and glycerides，methanol，steroids，and the application of GC in transesterafication reaction monitoring，are reviewed and discussed. Also，the prospect of GC development is discussed. It will develop rapidly and become more accurate，more precise，more convenient and faster，the number of material species which can be analyzed at same time will increase as well. Furthermore，it will be increasingly widespread that GC can be used with other technologies together for analysis.

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data of the systems were measured at 101.3 kPa with ethanol-DMC，DMC-furfural and ethanol-DMC-furfural in a solvent ratio of 1∶1. It was shown that furfural can enlarge the relative volatility of ethanol and DMC，and the azeotropic point disappeared when mole fraction of furfural reached 0.25，indicating the feasibility of separating the ethanol-DMC mixture using extractive distillation with furfural as the solvent. Aspen Plus software was used to simulate the continuous extractive distillation processes of ethanol-DMC separation，and the single-column continuous extractive distillation process was preferred than the double-column process.

Control strategy and dynamic performance of dividing wall column for separating BTX were studied on the basis of steady-state simulation. PID parameters were tuned by using relay feedback test and Tyreus-Luyben settings. Comparative analysis of four typical composition control structures namely LV/DSB，DV/LSB，LB/DSV and LV/DSB were made on platform of Aspen Dynamic. Then the temperature control，temperature combined with composition control and temperature-composition cascade control strategies were inverstiagated on the basis of LV/DSB. The simulation results showed that DWCs have good controllability properties for various persistent disturbances in the feed flow rate and composition. Setting time TS and composition disturbances of the three desired products were all less than 2.97 h and 0.0015.

The properties of gas-solid two-phase flow in spouted bed with conical 60°and cylindrical diameter 0.44 m were studied. Influences of air velocity in spouted height of fountain，particle concentration，and particle velocity were also investigated. The results showed that the relationship between fountain and air velocity was linear with a linear coefficient of 0.9997. The particle volume fraction was big and decreased with the increase of radial distance in the center of the fountain. It decreased with the increase of height in the fountain and then increased at a certain point of the fountain height. The particle volume fraction decreased gradually with air velocity increase. The decreasing particle volume fraction depended on the air velocity increase. Particle velocity decreased with the fountain height increase. It increased with the increase of air velocity. And the increasing particle velocity also depended on the air velocity increase.

A device was designed to measure the solubility of CO2 in the aqueous amine in this research. The following data were obtained，carbon dioxide solubility in 2 mol/L aqueous DEA at 308 K、318 K、328 K、358 K under CO2 partial pressure of 0—150 kPa. Meanwhile，mixtures of additives such as DETA，MDEA，AEE as well as SG and aqueous DEA were compounded and the solubility of CO2 in such mixtures were measured. The molar ratio of DEA and the additive in the mixture was 3∶1 and the total concentration of the amine remained at 2 mol/L. The results showed that elevating the partial pressure of CO2 may contribute to the increase of the solubility in the aqueous DEA，and the temperature played a reverse role. Impacts of different additives on the solubility of CO2 was presented to be DETA > AEE > SG > MDEA.

Four chelating resins were selected to compare their static adsorption and desorption on Fe2+ in the organic amine desulfurization liquid. D751 chelating resin showed high selectivity and good desorption property. Static sorption experiments were carried out to study the adsorption equilibrium of Fe2+ on D751 chelating resin at different temperatures，and the adsorption mechanism was discussed by using FI- IR. The experimental results showed that the adsorption behavior of Fe2+ on D751 resin could be well described by either Langmuir or Freundich isotherm and the negative value of ΔG and the positive value of ?S showed that the adsorption was a spontaneous process with increasing entropy，and the increase of temperature would benefit the adsorption process. Ion exchange and chelating adsorption were responsible for the removal of Fe2+ by FI-IR.

The iron oxide adsorbent，which was modified by aluminum oxide，was prepared by coprecipitation method，and the adsorbents were characterized by specific surface area (BET) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of preparation conditions and adsorption conditions on the performance of adsorbents in the removal of H2S were studied using a fixed adsorption bed. The experimental results showed that：the adsorption capacity of the iron oxide for the removal of H2S was improved significantly by aluminum oxide introduction. The absorbent with iron oxide to aluminum oxide mass ratio of 1∶0.5，and the CTAB mass fraction of 2%，calcination temperature of 500 ℃，was found to be the best. At the gas velocity of 20 mL/min，and adsorption desulfurization temperature of 80℃，the desulfurization rate and penetrate sulfur capacity reached 99.3% and 105mg/g，respectively. Compared with unmodified iron oxide，the penetrate sulfur capacity of the aluminum oxide modified iron oxide was improved by 49.8 mg/g.

Biomethane has developed rapidly in western countries，such as Germany and Sweden，but it is still in its infancy in China though biomethane is an important renewable energy made from organic sources. At present，the bottleneck limiting its large-scale application is unclear mechanisms of high efficiency conversion and effective energy utilization in biomethane process. In this work，the key problems in biomethane process were discussed based on new theory of chemical engineering. It was concluded that that rapid progress can be made in biomethane industry in China with the help of new theory of interface transport，new micro and nano materials and system optimization methods.

Oleaginous yeasts have high lipid accumulation ability. The main components of yeast lipid are similar with those of vegetable oils and the yeast lipid could be used as raw materials for biodiesel production. This review summarized the studies regarding key factors of yeast lipid accumulation and production of biodiesel from yeast lipid. It was reported that ATP∶citrate lyase and malic enzyme were essential for lipid accumulation. LRO1、DGA1 and ARE genes are also considered as key genes for lipid accumulation. We also gave a prospect on biodiesel production from yeast lipid：low-cost carbon sources such as glycerol，cassava starch，jerusalem artichoke and lignocellulosic hydrolysate could be utilized for culture to reduce cost effectively. Yeast lipid could be used for biodiesel production with different catalysts，which is of great significance to further research on biodiesel.

Slurry oil was separated into an ideal component——raffinate oil，mainly saturated hydrocarbon by extraction. The comparative research with paraffin-base heavy oil was conducted on raw material properties，technological conditions of reaction，product distribution and properties with the use of raffinate oil as feed for FCC reaction. Experimental results indicated that raffinate oil had a fine FCC performance and its suitable reaction conditions were as follows：Catalyst to oil 6.0，reaction temperature 520 ℃，weight hourly space velocity 12.0 h?1.Compared with heavy oil，liquid yield of raffinate oil increased 1.69 % and coke yield increased by 0.02 %. Under the same conditions of catalyst to oil 5.0，reaction temperature 500 ℃，weight hourly space velocity 14.4 h?1，liquid yield of raffinate oil increased by 0.19 % and coke yield increased by 2.55 %. Octane value of FCC gasoline from raffinate oil was the same as heavy oil while cetane value of diesel was 3.7 lower and its regenerated catalysts has a lower degree of deactivation. Raffinate oil could completely replace heavy oil as FCC feedstock.

Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction is one of the most important reactions of forming new C—C bond and alkynylation，and metal catalysts play an important role. In this paper the application of various transition metals as catalyst in the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction is reviewed. Meanwhile，the application of palladium catalysts in green Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction and other transition metal catalysts in Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction are introduced. Pd/C catalyst may be a new candidate in the industrial application of Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction，and water，suitable catalyst system and alkaline system play an essential role in improving environmental compatibility.

Research progress of applications of heteropoly acid catalyst in the oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil was introduced. Heteropoly acid catalysts，including those containing transition metal，alkali metal，rare earth metal，quaternary ammonium salt，ionic liquid and catalysts supported on carriers，such as carbon materials，titanium dioxide，silica，polymer materials were described and the characteristics and catalytic effects of the catalysts were summerized.Comprehensive utilization of heteropoly acid catalysts’ properties and the development of novel high performance heteropoly acid catalysts with high activity，less oxygen consumption and strong reusability were important research topics for deep desulfurization through catalytic oxidation.

Pseudo-boehmite was synthesized by neutralization of aluminium nitrate with ammonia water，and then used as the raw material to prepare the catalyst for dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether. The precipitation pH，reaction temperature in the pseudo-boehmite synthesis process and calcination temperature in catalyst preparation that influenced the performance of catalyst in dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether were investigated. The results indicated that at precipitation pH 8.0±0.2，reaction temperature 50～60 ℃，and calcination temperature 550～650 ℃，the catalyst had the best activity. Modifying the catalyst with SiO2，SO42?，PO43? improved further catalytic activity.

A series of Cu/Zn/ZrO2 catalysts were prepared by the co-precipitation method and modified via the addition of different amounts of Pr as rare-earth promoter. The influence of Pr2O3 amount on the structure of Cu/Zn/ZrO2 catalyst was investigated by using XRD，H2-TPR and CO2-TPD. The catalytic performances of CO2 hydrogenation to methanol over Cu/Zn/ZrO2 catalysts modified by five different amounts of Pr promoters were tested in a fixed-bed plug flow reactor. The results showed that the addition of rare-earth promoter of Pr could obviously enhance the surface alkalinity of catalyst，promote dispersion of the active component efficiently and stabilize the active center of the catalyst. Optimum catalytic activity was obtained over Cu/Zn/ZrO2 catalyst with a Pr2O3 content of 3%.

Functionalization，such as nitrogen atom doping，will enhance intrinsic and/or add new features to porous carbons，thus making the best of their potential applications. Recently，a series of methodologies have been developed to prepare nitrogen-doped porous carbons with special structures and properties. Based on the progress made in recent years concerning N-doped porous carbons，the synthesis strategies for N-doped porous carbon，including liquid template，chemical vapor deposition，post treatment with ammonia，chemical activation and hydrothermal process，are introduced. The characteristics and limitations of various methods are also commented. In addition to the summary of the present applications in catalysis，gas adsorption/separation，hydrogen storage and removal of pollutant gases of these novel carbon materials，the development directions of large-scale preparation of N-doped porous carbons for industrial applications are presented.

Research on formation mechanisms of electrochemical Ta2O5 thin films is reviewed. The emphasis is on the mechanism of leakage current in response to light for electrochemical Ta2O5 thin films. The influence factors for the formation of Ta2O5 thin films，including oxygen content，impurities and crystallization are described. The mechanisms of leakage current，such as the Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) conductive mechanism，space charge limited current (SCLC)，Pool-Frenkel (PF) emission and Schottky (S) emission are outlined. The theory and technology for decreasing leakage current Ta2O5 thin films are prospected. New technology applications，including Ta2O5 thin film heat treatment，high polymer enhanced plastic and composite thin film are expected.

The research progress of first principle calculation and design of the phosphates polyanion， silicate polyanion and borate polyanion cathode material for lithium-ion battery were summarized. The research on physical and chemical properties of LiFePO4 was discussed，such as theoretical calculation and prediction of average voltage of lithium ion intercalation，electronic structure and electrical conductivity characteristics and lithium-ion diffusion paths. The influence of doping other elements on physical and chemical properties of LiFePO4 compounds was also introduced. Those research results could reveal the complex microscopic mechanism of lithium-ion battery in theoretical calculations and provide a theoretical basis for further improvement of electrochemical properties of lithium-ion battery.

The performance characteristics and growth mechanism of CSW were reviewed in this paper. The preparation methods of CSW，hydrothermal synthesis and atmospheric acidification method were also introduced，especially the influence of preparation process on the growth of CSW by hydrothermal synthesis was detailed. The pretreatment method of phosphogypusm and its effect on the morphology of CSW were summarized. Also，the additives for the preparation and modification of CSW were investigated，as well as the functional mechanism. The application of CSW in paper making was introduced. The key issues in paper making，including the solubility of CSW，the compatibility between CSW and paper fibers and the improvement of CSW whiteness and strength，were analyzed emphatically. The main development trend in the future should be the research on pretreatment technology of phosphogypsum，the additives of CSW，and the influence of preparation process on the performance of CSW，and the quantitative relationships between the performances of CSW and papers.

Urea-formaldehyde (UF） resins were synthesized by the tradition method and the best ratio of formaldehyde and urea was 2. Modified UF were synthesized with different modifiers. With an increase of melamine and polyvinyl alcohol compounded modifiers’ dosage，the content of free formaldehyde and curing time decreased，the best dosage of the compounded modifiers was 8% and compressive strength of resin was 9.0 MPa. The best dosage of phenol modifier was 10%，compressive strength of resin was 14.2 MPa. The best dosage of furfural modifier was 15%，compressive strength of resin was 19.5 MPa. Melamine and polyvinyl alcohol compounded modifier decreased the content of free formaldehyde and curing time greatly，while compressive strength did not increase significantly；while modified UF resin with larger compressive strength could be prepared by using furfural modifier.

Form-stable phase change materials were prepared by taking low density polyethylene (LDPE) and ethylene/octene copolymer (POE) as the cladding material and paraffin wax as phase change material respectively. SEM，DSC and rheological curve were used to analyze and characterize the blends. SEM showed completely different morphology for the two systems. DSC indicated that the more the paraffin wax，the greater the latent heat. The latent heat of POE/paraffin wax blend was greater than that of LDPE/paraffin wax blend. Rheological properties showed that paraffin wax improved the storage modulus of the matrix in its solid state. In LDPE/paraffin wax system，LDPE formed a continuous phase，but as the melting temperature of POE was very close to paraffin wax，we could not distinguish which one was continuous from the rheological curve.

By using hydrothermal method，the magnesium hydroxide and the basic magnesium chloride whiskers were prepared. XRD，SEM，TG and FT-IR were used to characterize the composition and morphology of the products. The effects of hydrothermal conditions including reactant concentration，reaction temperature，reaction time and surfactant on the morphology were investigated. The results showed that regular hexagonal nano-plates with a thickness of 20—50 nm and the combined rose ball nano-structures of magnesium hydroxide were prepared with low magnesium chloride concentration and a few ammonium hydroxide drops added amount，While the basic magnesium chloride whiskers of 0.5 μm diameter and 200 μm length were single crystall with high magnesium chloride concentration and few ammonium hydroxide drops added amount.

ZnxCd1?xS/TiO2 nanofibers were successfully synthesized by the combination of electrospinning technique and hydrothermal method. These nanofibers were characterized for the structural，optical，and morphological properties by XRD，SEM，UV-vis，EDS and BET. The result showed that ZnxCd1?xS nanoparticles could tightly grow on the TiO2 nanofibers surface and thus ZnxCd1?xS/TiO2 heterostructures composite materials were successfully obtained. The UV-vis analysis indicated that the absorption spectrum of the sample was extended to the visible light region. Compared with pure TiO2 fibers，ZnxCd1?xS/TiO2 nanofibers exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity in the decomposition of Rhodamine B(RB) under visible light. When the hydrothermal time was 24 h，the decoloration rate of the sample could reach 90.87% in one hour，which owed the best photlcatalytic activity，and was easily separated，removed from the system after reaction and reuse.

The decolorization of engineered bacteria bioaugmentation on dyeing wastewater shows obvious advantages in printing and dyeing wastewater biotreatment. The research is focused on the construction and application of bioaugmentation engineered bacteria. In this article，engineered bacteria construction is summarized in dealing with dyeing wastewater. Gene engineered bacteria possess good effect，but with low success rate，high cost and security risk. Bioaugmentation engineered bacteria refer to the high efficient bacterium strains isolated and domesticated from activated sludge，which can be used to treat printing and dyeing wastewater，and have special degradation function on printing and dyeing wastewater pollutants. A detailed introduction is made to the screening and domestication of individual and mixed engineered bioaugmentation bacteria，together with the augmentation effect of xenobiotics. The optimization and promotion of bioengineered bacteria is prospected. Adding bioengineered bacteria into reactors，achieving the combination of engineered bacteria and treatment process，optimizing treatment process，further strengthening the engineered bacteria and putting it into large-scale use shall be the focus of future work.

Cellobiose was often found in cellulose hydrolysates. In this study，the ability to use cellobiose to produce succinic acid by A.succinogenes NJ113 and using cellobiose prepared from sugarcane bagasse cellulose hydrolysates as a carbon source to produce succinic acid were investigated. A final succinic acid concentration of 23.51 g/L with a yield of 67.17% was achieved from an initial cellobiose concentration of 35 g/L via batch fermentation. In batch fermentation with 18 g/L of cellobiose and 17 g/L of other sugars from sugarcane bagasse cellulose hydrolysates，a succinic acid concentration of 20.00 g/L was obtained，with a yield of 64.73%. This study suggested that A. succinogenes had a strong ability to convert cellobiose into succinic acid and cellobiose from cellulose hydrolysate could be a potential carbon source for economical and efficient succinic acid production by A. succinogenes.

As an important organic chemical raw material，furfural can be obtained from biomass conversion. It is a renewable and green chemical product，and widely used in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The research on the production of furfural from biomass through hydrolysis and pyrolysis are summarized. One-step furfural production process，and two-step furfural production process as well as the progress in catalyst development in each processe are reviewed. The technology in one-step furfural production process from initial single - pot cooking to multiple pots in series and from technical process of batch reactor to a continuous reactor is discussed. Two-step method is more common and makes a significant breakthrough in new catalyst development，furfural extraction，and furfural yield. The affecting factors，procedure mechanism，as well as the advantages and disadvantages in hydrolysis and pyrolysis are discussed. The yield of furfural is also compared regarding the processing of biomass material. Overall，this review attempts to highlight the scope of further developments in the production of furfural，key factors in the development of furfural are pointed out.

Time-temperature indicator (TTI) is a novel means to monitor the security of some host products such as food and vaccines，which can record the course and reflect the remaining shelf life of these host products by time-temperature accumulative effects of physical and chemical change，thus solving the problem of shelf life is not a real-time monitoring indicator of host product quality. The latest advances in TTIs were reviewed；their kinds，working principles，preparations and applications were expounded. Kinds of TTIs were divided into diffuse type，polymerization reaction type and enzyme reaction type by their indicating principle. The diffusion-type indicator is carried by the flow of molten material directions，polymerization type is for the carbon-carbon triple bond polymerization reaction and the molecular conformation change induced color change to play the time-temperature indicator effects，enzyme reaction type indicator is through the starch with enzyme color reaction to time temperature indicator. Preparation methods are divided into physical，chemical and physical chemical method. Applications choice is also discussed.

Dewatering or demulsification of water-in-oil emulsion is an important process in refinery. Recent advances in demulsification of heavy oil or solvent-diluted bitumen emulsion are reviewed. Structures of the natural surface-active substances in oil and their functions in stabilizing the water-in-oil emulsion are summarized. Design and synthesis of novel demulsifies have attracted much attention in recent years. For example，application of environmental friendly biodegradable polymer in dewatering of water-in-oil emulsion has been extensively studied. Relevant latest research findings are introduced. Advanced technologies，such as micropipette technology and atomic force microscope (AFM) used to study the mechanism of demulsification are also described.

Superplasticizer of MPEGAA-AA-AMPS was synthesized with self-made active macromonomer methoxyl (polyethyleneglycol) acrylate (MPEGAA)，acrylic acid (AA)，2-acrylamido-2 methyl-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) by free radical copolymerization in agueous solution. The influences of molar ratio of monomer，dosage of initiator (APS)，reaction temperature and reaction time on the copolymerization were investigated. The results showed that the optimum reaction condition was as follows：molar ratio of MPEGAA to AA to AMPS 1∶4.3∶1.10，dosage of ammonium persulfate 5% of total monomers by mass，reaction temperature 80 ℃，reaction time 5 h. The superplasticizer MPEGAA-AA-AMPS prepared under this condition had good fluidity and plasticization，with remarkable effects of water reduction and enhancement.

In this paper，the synthesis of perillaldehyde from myrtenal by isomerization in a cracking reactor was carried out by using solid superacid SZT-15 prepared at low impregnation temperature as a catalyst. The influence of isomerization reaction variables on the conversion and the selectivity of reactions was evaluated. And the acid strength and crystal structure of solid superacid catalyst were characterized. The results showed that：87.51% conversion of materials and 40.56% selectivity of the product were obtained when SZT-15 was used for the reaction as a catalyst at 400 ℃ under 1.0 mol/L impregnation concentration，550 ℃ calcination temperature and 1.0 mL/min feeding rate. The acid strength of SZT-15 solid superacid catalyst can be up to H0=?16.0 and it appeared very sharp diffraction peaks of anatase crystalling phase.

In this paper，the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) used for degrading bisphenol A，one kind of endocrine disrupters in waste water，are reviewed. The most important five types of AOPs：Fenton and UV-Fenton Oxidation，electrochemical oxidation，photolysis and photooxidation，ultrasonic radiation and photocatalysis oxidation are discussed，including degradation mechanism，degradation results，influence factors as well as the potential application of each AOP. Based on different conditions of the five AOPs，there is a broad prospect via reasonable design，advantageous combination and modeling optimization. The trend is to develop a technology for endocrine disrupters and persistent organic pollutants with low energy consumption，high efficiency and extensive applicability.

This paper reviewed recent advances in aerobic granular sludge stability.The granulation mechanisms were introduced，including “fungi-enwind”，“EPS enhanced granulation”，“Selective pressure driven hypothesis”，“microbial self-immobilization”. The effects of temperature，pH，organic loading rate，influent ammonia nitrogen concentration，dissolved oxygen，particle size，feast-famine，hydrodynamic shear force，sludge retention time，toxicant were analyzed for aerobic granule stability. The aerobic granules stability enhancements including suppressing filamentous outgrow，enriching the content of EPS，promoting slow-growing organisms and strengthening granule core were discussed，Finally，future study on the granulation mechanism and the main functional strains were proposed for industrial application.

The current situation of recovering cutting slurry waste was reviewed in this paper. Most recovery methods only consider recovering PEG and SiC，neglecting the more valuable silicon in the cutting slurry waste. The research progress of physical method，chemical method and indirect recovery for silicon was introduced. The current physical method such as physical settlement，heavy liquid separation，froth flotation，electrophores is separation，electric separation，high temperature treatment were also described. The chemical separation based on the differences of chemistry stability between SiC and Si were summarized. Their characteristics，advantages and disadvantages were compared. Due to the difficulties in recovering silicon on a large scale by those technologies，intensive research is still required in order to improve the yield and purity of silicon，reduce cost，and improve the work environment.

The absorption of CO2 in the flue gas by alkanolamine solution was simulated using the Aspen Plus software. The amount of absorbent，load of lean liquid and reboiler heat duty were used to evaluate the decarbonization process，and the absorptions and desorptions of different alkanolamines were compared. The results showed that the CO2 removal rate increased with the absorbent amount and absorber progression，and lower flue gas CO2 concentration can improve the removal rate. The increase in lean liquid load reduced the absorbent absorption capacity. The minimum regeneration heat consumption was under the condition of αlean=0.08 at the same CO2 removal rate. The reboiler total duty increased with the increasing of the CO2 recovery，but the specific heat consumption first dropped and then increased slightly. The specific heat consumption obtains a minimum value around the CO2 recovery of 80%. The absorption capacities of various alkanolamine solutions were PZ > MEA > DEA≈AMP > MDEA，degeneration capacities were PZ > AMP > MEA. These solutions should be mixed to achieve the best results in absorption and desorption.

There is plenty of formic acid existing in wastewater discharged from industrial production. One flow passage system of electrodeionization was designed for formic acid waste-water treatment. According to “I-U” and “pH-U” characteristic curves，the influences of the ion exchange membrane types，the ion exchange resin types，the ratio of resins，the flow rates and the operational parameters on separation performance were investigated. The results show that the optimal performance could be achieved when the EDI stack consisted of heterogeneous membrane，100% gel-type anion resin filled in dilute compartment and the flow rate of dilute stream was 2.5 L/h. The concentration of formic acid has less impact on energy consumption and the change of dilute compartment solution concentration was basically the same. When the concentration of formic acid in dilute compartment was 1.00%，EDI stack could achieve higher current and lower power consumption. The study results can guide the industrial electrodeionization design for formic acid wastewater treatment.

In order to reduce the on-line membrane fouling resistances of the precoated dynamic membrane treating the emulsified oil wastewater，a coupling process of precoated dynamic membrane with Fenton reagent for treatment of oily wastewater was studied. Impacts of Fe2+/H2O2 ratios，pH values and operation temperatures on membrane fouling degree were investigated. The results showed that the addition of Fenton reagent obviously reduced the on-line membrane fouling resistances and removed the contaminants from the solution and surface of dynamic membrane. The optimal ratio of the CH2O2/CFeSO4 was about 1，and the steady permeate flux was over 3 times more than that without the Fenton reagent. The Fenton reagent performed better to reduce the membrane fouling in acidic conditions. The highest level of the steady flux of membrane was obtained at pH 3. The optimum operating temperature was 312 K. Under conditions at higher temperatures，the steady flux of membrane was in a low level despite the high initial flux. The reduction extent of the Fenton reagent on the on-line membrane fouling resistance reduced as the oil concentration increased. The oil retention ratio was less than 1% with adding and not adding Fenton reagent.

Four kinds of polyacrylamide(HPAM)-degrading bacteria R1，R2，R3 and Y3 were obtained by separation and purification experiments from petroleum-contaminated soil of Daqing Oil Field，in which HPAM is used as the only nitrogen source and the sole carbon source. In order to improve the biodegradation effect of pollutants in oil fields and reduce the loss of bacteria，the bioremediation method of immobilized microorganism was utilized. Five kinds of embedding immobilization methods were compared，including difficulty degree of immobilized granules preparation，strength，cost and removal rate of oil and HPAM. The degradation performance of embedding immobilization methods on soil pollutant was investigated. The experimental results showed that the immobilized microorganism granules made by polyvinyl alcohols (PVA)+sodium alginate+additives had high strength，simple operation，not easy dilapidation and low cost. Degradation rate of HPAM reached 79.6% and degradation rate of crude oil reached 98.7%. R1 was affiliated to Sporolactobacillus sp.，R2 was affiliated to Micrococcus sp. and R3 and Y3 were affiliated to Pseudomonas sp.

Utilization of RFCC slurry oil has been limited by the content of solid impurity. How to resolve this problem is critical for subsequent production. Considering domestic catalytic slurry oil，Jinzhou Design Institute adopted the unique two-stage filtering technology of Pinfu Co.Ltd，and the majority of solid particles and asphaltene could be filtered by the first-stage filter. For the second-stage filter，metal powder-sintered filter elements with surface coating greatly improved opening efficiency and through flow and also the effect of backflush on filter elements. Offline washing of filter elements promised that filter elements could be reused after a work cycle. The content of solid particles in slurry oil after filtering was lower than 0.01 percent，which improved the quality of slurry oil produced.

According to the characteristics of 220 t/h coal water mixture-boiler flue gas and the demand of denitrification，Beijing Yanshan Branch Company of SINOPEC has chosen the selected catalytic reduction (SCR) technology for denitrification. The authors determined the process and design parameters by comparing different denitrification methods. The operating temperature of SCR reactor should be controlled in the range of 320—370 ℃，the volume ratio of ammonia and air should be about 5∶95，SO2 conversion ratio should be less than 1% and pressure drop should be less than 1000 Pa in the SCR reaction zone. At the same time，the concentration of NH3 in treated flue gas should be less than 3%. After construction，commissioning and testing，the denitrification effect of this project has achieved the standards prescribed by the local environmental department in Beijing. This project also has very important significance for combining foreign technology and domestic flue gas denitrification of large CWM-boiler.