Liquid-liquid jet mixers have good micro-mixing characteristic which well match the liquid-liquid fast reaction system. It's significant to choose proper methods and quantitative indexes to study the micro-mixing characteristic of various jet mixers. In this work, common methods (chemical probe technique, LIF technique and CFD) to study the micro-mixing characteristic in liquid-liquid mixing system were compared, including their merits and demerits, the range of application, the selection principles and application key points. Meanwhile, the related quantitative indexes were also summarized. Then the liquid-liquid jet mixers were systematically classified. Based on this, the key factors that influence their micro-mixing characteristic and research progress in various jet mixers were further analyzed. The latter contained the application progress of aforementioned three methods on study micro-mixing mechanism, micro-mixing characteristic time, micro-mixing intensification and structure optimization. Finally, the limits of present research on the micro-mixing characteristic of tank jet mixers and tubular jet mixers were concluded and the trend of further research was also noted.

The industrial applications of hybrid distillation-membrane separation process, compared with the traditional distillation process, are increasing due to its economic advantages of obvious energy-saving and consumption-reducing, so it has more theoretical and practical significance to be study comprehensively. In this paper, the mechanism model of membrane separation is introduced. The membrane materials are classified according to the hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of the membrane. The research methods of hybrid distillation-membrane separation process theories are summarized, and the main experimental research and industrial application of hybrid distillation-membrane separation process are introduced respectively for dehydration and organic removal. According to the existing research and analysis, it is found that there are some limitations with the hybrid process in the aspects of membrane material research and integrated optimization theory, which can not been widely applied in industry. Based on the above comprehensive analysis, some certain ideas are put forward to improve the present situation.

Droplet evaporation is a complex process that is accompanied by complex changes but not uniform and well recognized, and this is an important research hotspot and plays a key role in many scientific applications. This paper introduces the historical research process of droplet evaporation, and this research results of three different types of droplets evaporation processes are reviewed, such as pure droplets, binary mixed solution droplets and polymer solution droplets. The influencing factors of droplet evaporation and sediment after evaporation were analyzed, and the application of droplet research results in real life is briefly introduced. Existing studies have shown that the evaporation process of different types of droplets is affected by a variety of factors, such as nanoparticles in solution, ambient temperature, pressure and so on. And these factors also influence the pattern and size of the sediment. Currently, researchers have developed a typical droplet evaporation process (contact line fixation and contact Angle fixation mode), and the basic theory of droplet evaporation has been discussed. For some common binary and multi-component solutions, researchers have found that their evaporation process differ from the pure solution evaporation process, and have done a lot of research and discussion in the scientific community to establish a mathematical model. Finally, the research results, applications, and directions for future development of droplet evaporation in the medical field are highlighted. For example, the nano-layers of sediments after evaporation of biological droplets are compared with normal sediments to detect diseases. Finally, the recent progress, potential and future development requirements of droplet evaporation theory are summarized and forecasted.

This paper is concerned with the HYSYS simulation of hollow fiber membrane for H/C(Hydrogen/Carbon) ratio adjustment, in which, the differential equation of the permeability was set up based on the penetration theory and solved by using the HYSYS. The simulation method was firstly validated by comparing the simulation result of membrane separation for the rich methane gas with the data offered by APCI(Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.). Then, the effect of the feed side pressure, membrane area and permeate side pressure on the membrane separation process was investigated. Subsequently, the hollow fiber membrane for H/C ratio adjustment was clarified. The results demonstrated that simulation results show good agreement with the practical data, the feed side pressure, membrane area and permeate side pressure have great influence on membrane separation process, and provide methods for H/C ratio adjustment, which providing theoretical guidance for the process design for H/C ratio adjustment.

pH measurement was adopted to obtain the absorption rate of CO₂. Liquid composition was correlated to the dynamic change of pH. Piecewise fitting was further used on liquid composition to obtain the CO₂ absorption rate. Therefore, the liquid composition on the absorption rate of CO₂ was then achieved. For low concentration sodium hydroxide, the absorption rate of CO₂ does not change until CO₂ physical absorbed into NaHCO₃. While for high concentration NaOH, CO₂ absorption rate decreases when NaOH is fully converted to Na₂CO₃. However, within the two stages of absorption, CO₂ absorption rate does not change. When CO₂ is absorbed into NaHCO₃, CO₂ absorption rate decreases with the increase of saturation state for the solution. As for CO₂ absorption into NaOH, both CO₂ and sodium concentration promote the absorption, with more influence by sodium concentration; For CO₂ absorption into Na₂CO₃, the absorption rate does not increase when the concentration of Na₂CO₃ is higher 0.05mol/L; For CO₂ absorption into NaHCO₃, low concentration NaHCO₃ promotes the absorption of CO₂ while high concentration of NaHCO₃ inhibits CO₂ absorption due to salt-out effect. To reduce CO₂ absorption into solutions, high concentration of NaHCO₃ larger than 0.5mol/L is preferable.

This is a review of residual oil stability as it relates to efficient processing and utilization of the residue at different stages in terms of changes in environment and material. The current theory of colloidal hypothesis and model is introduced in this paper. While combine the theoretical study on the colloidal stability of residual oil with the stability prediction parameters such as CI, CⅡ, S and NCSI are briefly described, the stability analysis methods, including direct observational method, parameter method based on solvent titration and index evaluation method, are summarized and explained in detail. Based on comparing the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, this paper predicts the probably trend of the research on the colloidal stability of residual oil. The classical four-component theoretical model and the analytical method based on the solvent effect to characterize the stability will continue to be important for the long time. Nevertheless, an outlook is provided of the future of the study on the stability of the residue, the researchers will pay more and more attention on theoretical study based on molecular level and stability analysis methods which are more convenient, accurate and rapid.

The coal-based polygeneration system of synfuels-power has been regarded as one of promising technologies to achieve the maximization of coal utilization and clean production. This study calculates the element utilization ratio, including element carbon (C) and hydrogen (H), together with the primary energy saving to analysis the element utilization and energy conversion performances in two types of coal-based polygeneration systems. The results indicated that both the elements utilization ratio and energy conversion ratio increase with circulation ratio (r). The unreacted gas circulation can improve effectively the element utilization ratio and primary energy saving efficiency. The circulatory series system with water gas shift process (WGS) has better energy and material utilization performance. Its maximum primary energy is 19.45% which is 5.62% higher than that of series case without WGS. Its maximum C and H utilization ratio is 29.08% and 37.89%, respectively, as the ratio of synfuels output to power output (λ) is equal to 3.89. When λ ranges from 0.52 to 1.94, the performance of carbon utilization is nearly same for two systems. While the optimum hydrogen utilization ratio 32.97% is reached in series case without WGS which is approximately 3.50% higher than that of series case with WGS.

Co-pyrolysis behavior and char properties of Yulin coal blended with residue from China YanChang industrial direct coal liquefaction plant has been investigated through thermogravimetry spectrometry and Gray- king low-temperature carbonization. The results show a positive synergistic effect in the pyrolysis process when the proportion of residue is lower than 40%. When the amount of residue is 20%, the yield of tar is higher more than the theoretical value of 6.201% which is 139.7% of the coal alone, when the amount of residue is 20%, the char is A type and the cohesiveness increases. The residue increases the maximum weight loss rate of char during CO₂ gasification, which helps the gasification, but impedes the combustion of char, which is even worse when amount of residue is higher than 20%.

Although the isothermal adsorption is studied by a large number of scholars and used to predict the reserves of coal bed gas, because the experimental conditions are not compatible with the ground temperature and ground pressure in the actual mining process, many experts have proposed to use the experimental conditions of variable temperature and pressure to predict the adsorption capacity of coal bed gas, but at present, there is not a good equation to deal with the variation of temperature and pressure experimental data. Based on the study of four different coal rank samples in variable temperature and pressure adsorption experiments by Zhang Qingling, Xi'an Branch of China Coal Research Institute, a temperature-pressure-adsorption equation (TPAE equation) is proposed for predicting the adsorption capacity of coalbed methane under the comprehensive influence of temperature and pressure. The adsorption capacity of four different coal ranks under variable temperature and pressure was predicted by the TPAE equation. The results showed that TPAE equation can deal with experimental data of variable temperature and pressure adsorption, and the measured values of the maximum average relative error is 2.64% to the regression values of four coal samples, the minimum is 1.63%, at the meantime, the visualization of the three-dimensional view of temperature and pressure and the amount of adsorption is realized, and the adsorption amount of coal gas under any temperature and pressure is known from the diagram.

The comprehensive consideration of compressed air energy storage economy is of great significance for the design and large-scale application of energy storage system. Based on life cycle cost analysis, a cost model of gas storage device is established. By calculating the theoretical metal consumption of the gas storage device and considering the difficulty of manufacturing and the number of gas storage devices, the best parameters of the gas storage device can be determined. Through the comprehensive analysis and comparison of the whole life cycle cost of different types of storage devices, it can be used as a reference for designing compressed air energy storage system and its economic analysis. The life cycle cost of gas storage devices includes early and late costs. The early cost is mainly composed of the cost of raw materials and equipment, and the later cost is mainly the cost of operation and maintenance. According to the analysis results, the investment cost of gas storage pipeline is the lowest and there is no pressure limit. The cost of equipment for surface gas storage is generally around 2USD/kW·h. Under the premise of ensuring safety, reducing the LCC of the ground gas storage device is beneficial to the promotion and application of the compressed air energy storage system. It can improve the utilization of renewable energy on a large scale and effectively, and reduce the influence of the intermittent energy on the operation of the power grid.

Li-ion battery as the energy storage and power source system for EV(s)/HEV(s), which is limiting the EV(s) development due to the safety, reliability and stability. Besides, the performance of Li-ion battery is very sensitive to temperature; and over-high temperature and inhomogeneous can result a sharp drop in battery performance. The phase change materials (PCM) was prepared by paraffin/expanded graphite/low density polyethylene (PA/EG/LDPE) and used as a heat dissipation method for battery module. Experiment to tests the heat dissipation ability of the battery module with or without phase change materials. The temperature, voltage and internal resistance of the battery are collected in real-time by the data collector, and the trend of the parameters is analyzed qualitatively. The results demonstrated that the composites of PA/EG/LDPE have an excellent heat dissipation capability and temperature uniformity capability. The battery module of maximum temperature and maximum temperature gradient are controlled within 55℃ and 5℃, respectively.

Methane catalytic decomposition (MCD) can be utilized to produce high-purity hydrogen without carbon oxygen compounds (CO_x) and carbon nanomaterials (such as carbon nanofibers or carbon nanotubes). The catalytic decomposition of methane is of great significance to the adjustment of energy structure and application of advanced materials in China. Compared with other hydrogen production process, MCD has advantages such as simple reaction conditions, products without pollution and low cost, etc. Hence, MCD has a considerable application prospect in industry. In this review, the effects of catalysts (active components, carriers, preparation methods, etc) and reaction parameters (reduction of catalyst, space velocity, reaction temperature, etc) on methane conversion, hydrogen yield and carbon nanomaterials (morphology and yield) are discussed in detail. Meanwhile, the mechanism of MCD and the deactivation and regeneration of catalyst were also summarized. At present, the MCD is still at the stage of lab research. The high-performance catalyst and optimize of fluidized bed reactor is the essential prerequisite for the industrial application of MCD.

Certain amount of CO₂ in syngas can significantly improve the reaction rate of methanol synthesis over Cu based catalysts, while the underline mechanism is still in controversial. This paper reviewed the research progress in the effect of CO₂ in methanol synthesis from syngas, including the active centers, the intermediates, and the carbon source. The addition of the CO₂ in the feed gas leads to a more complicated mechanism. Finally, the future research direction was briefly discussed to improve the efficiency of the methanol synthesis. We proposed that the fundamental research needs to narrow the differences with the industrial reactions especially in reaction conditions. And we should combine the in situ characterization techniques and theoretical calculations of the catalysts and reaction.

Catalytic combustion technology is one of the most effective and promising technologies for the treatment of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs). Transition metal oxides have been widely applied due to good thermal stability and strong anti-toxicity, but the transition metal oxide chlorine poisoning mechanism and the way of chlorine poisoning is not clear. In this paper, the application of different transition metal oxides in CVOCs catalytic combustion in recent years has been reviewed. The mechanism of chlorine poisoning of transition metal oxides includes chlorine adsorption and formation of volatile metal oxychlorides. Various methods have been applied to promote their anti-chlorine poisoning performance, including morphology and crystal control, doping modification and acid modification which provides an important reference for the design of CVOCs catalytic combustion catalyst.

Phase change cold storage slurry material has good fluidity and large cold storage density. It can be used as cold storage material and secondary refrigerant to transport cooling capacity as well, so it has a broad application prospect.Phase change cold storage slurry material includes ice slurry, clathrate hydrate slurry, microcapsule emulsion, phase change emulsion and microemulsion. In addition, the clathrate hydrate comprises CO₂ hydrate, organic refrigerant hydrate and quaternary salt hydrate. This article reviews the basic physical properties, preparation methods, flow and heat transfer characteristics of the above phase change cold storage slurry materials, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of several phase change storage materials and lists several typical applications of slurry materials in cold storage air conditioning systems. At the same time, the research trend of phase change cold storage slurry materials is pointed out. The good thermal properties of natural refrigerants such as urea water, ethanol water and ethylene glycol water provide the possibility for the preparation of phase change cold storage materials.

At present, the research progress in thermosetting sizing agent system has been fairly advanced. However, the thermal setting sizing agent has a relatively low decomposition temperature, which makes it unable to meet the processing temperature requirements of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composites (CFRTP). Therefore, the research and development of heat-resistant thermoplastic sizing agent are of great importance for the improvement of comprehensive performance of CFRTP. This paper introduces the role of sizing agent and the main slurry commonly used in domestic and foreign heat-resistant thermoplastic sizing agents in recent years, pointing out that several types of sizing agents for thermoplastic resin matrices such as polyurethane, polyamide and nylon 6 have been industrialized successively in foreign countries. Preparation methods and study results of the three types of sizing agents including solvent-type, emulsion-type and water-based type are intensively introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of those types of sizing agents are concluded. Finally, it is pointed out that the solvent-type sizing agent has several drawbacks including environmental pollution, waste of resources and potential safety hazard. It can be predicted that the emulsion-type and water-based heat-resistant sizing agent, that is compatible with the resin and environmentally friendly, will be the focus of future work.

Manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS) has been widely used in heterogeneous catalysis, electrochemical and adsorption materials for its porous structure, mild surface acidity and basicity, mixed valence of Mn and excellent ion-exchange properties. In the paper, the chemical composition, pore structure, redox properties and acid-base properties were summarized, and the preparation methods such as hydrothermal, reflux, microwave, sol-gel and solid phase method were introduced. Manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves can be applied in catalytic reactions such as CO catalytic oxidation, organic catalytic oxidation, activation and utilization of CO₂ and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and the activities would be higher for oxidation of CO and VOCs. It also has important application prospects in battery materials and adsorption materials. Finally, the existing problems in the study of manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves are figured out. The future study should focus on exploring more efficient preparation methods, in-depth understanding of the catalytic mechanism of OMS, and further broadening the application.

The binder of the scrap electrode was removed by heat treatment and the spent LiFePO₄ was oxidized to Li₃Fe₂(PO₄)₃ and Fe₂O₃ at the same time. The Li₃Fe₂(PO₄)₃ and Fe₂O₃ were used as starting materials to regenerate LiFePO₄ by carbothermal reduction method with glucose, citric acid monohydrate and polyethylene glycol as reducing agent respectively. The regeneration reactions occurred at 650℃ for 16h, 20h and 24h, respectively. The results showed that the pure phase regenerated LiFePO₄ material was obtained by the three reductant systems. When the glucose worked as reducing agent in regeneration reactions for 16h, 20h and 24h, the initial specific discharge capacities of the regenerated materials were 118.49mA·h/g, 118.38mA·h/g, 123.77mA·h/g, respectively. After 100 cycles, the capacities retention rates were 88.40%, 80.07% and 72.56%, respectively. The effect of reducing agent on the performance of regeneration materials was significant. Both the specific discharge-discharge capacity and cycle performance of regeneration materials were optimal, when the glucose worked as reducing agent. The regeneration materials with polyethylene glycol reductant system showed the worst electrochemical performance. This research provided an effective route for the regeneration of the spent LiFePO₄ cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries.

Single-phase CoFe₂O₄ ceramics pigments have been obtained at 400℃ by sol-gel method. The effect of annealing temperature on crystal form, grain size, grain morphology, and thermal emittance has been investigated by XRD spectra, SEM analysis and IR reflectance spectra of ceramics pigments. Ultimately, spinel-type CoFe₂O₄ ceramics pigments, organic resin, as well as organic additives have been mixed to fabricate the solar absorber paint. Subsequently, the solar absorber paint has been deposited on high infrared reflectance aluminum substrates to prepare spinel-type brown ceramic solar absorber coating with solar absorptance values of α_s=0.768-0.818, thermal emittance values of ε₁₀₀=0.315-0.398. Furthermore, with an average water contact angle values exceeding 106°, CoFe₂O₄ spinel-type ceramics coatings show the self-cleaning property.

Polyaspartic acid/Poly (acrylic acid-acrylamide) composite hydrogel[KPAsp/P(AA-AM)] were prepared using polysuccinimide (PSI), acrylic acid(AA) and acrylamide(AM) as raw materials and KH550 and KH570 as co-crosslinker by water solution polymerization. The structure of composite hydrogels were characterized by FTIR and TG. The effects of the amount of crosslinker and the ratio of raw materials on the swelling performance of the KPAsp/P(AA-AM) composite hydrogels were investigated. The results showed that the best swelling degree of composite hydrogels is 395, when the feed molar ratio of PSI, AA and AM is 1:3:1 and the volume ratio of KH550 and KH570=1:1. The kinetics of water absorption showed that the addition of copolymer chains changed the water-absorbing behavior of hydrogels. Controlling and releasing properties of Amoxicillin by composite hydrogels were studied.The results showed that the drug loading reached 29.98mg/g. In the solution of NaCl solution (pH=1.8) at 37℃, the release rate of Amoxicillin loaded on composite hydrogel reached 57% and 85% at 2h and 24h, respectively.

In present work, a surfacially imprinted polymer based on metal organic framework MIL-101 as the support was prepared and its adsorption behavior explored. Firstly, MIL-101 was chemically modified by using ethidene diamine as modifier to obtain ED-MIL-101. Secondly, a surface-imprinting technique was used to prepare MIPs@MIL-101 polymer with geniposide as the template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, divinylbenzene as the cross-linker by adopting a surface grafting technique. The molecularly imprinted polymers obtained was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption dynamics and therodynamics behaivors were tested and the solid phase extraction performance for this polymer evaluated. The adsorption kinetics study showed that when the MIP is used for geniposide, the adsorption equilibrium can reach within 270 minutes. When the temperature was set at 298K, 308K, 318K, 328K, the adsorption capacity for the MIPs toward the template was 55.94mg/g, 46.16mg/g, 38.98mg/g and 31.47mg/g, respectively, with an enthalpy value of ΔH=26.997kJ/mol. This MIP can be used as sorbent for the solid phase extraction of geniposide from crude extract of Eucommia ulmoides, with a total recovery of 95.0%.

Nowday, the gene vectors are limited in the field of biomedicine due to their high cytotoxicity and single functionality. Glycogen is an animal starch with branched chain composed of glucose and has good biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this work, a series of cationic gene vectors comprising glycogen backbones and poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) side chains with different lengths (termed as Gly-co-PDs) were readily prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Gly-co-PDs could be further modified with gold nanoparticles which can be termed as Gly-co-PD-Au. The gene condensation ability, buffering ability and cytotoxicity of Gly-co-PDs and Gly-co-PD-Au carriers were investigated. Gly-co-PD-Au exhibits excellent gene delivery capacity, low cytotoxicity and CT imaging function. Such Gly-co-PD-Au vectors which could be utilized as a CT contrast agent for cancer cell imaging has potential application in real-time imaging for gene therapy.

p-Menthane-1,8-diamine, which has active chemical property, is an important intensive-processing product of turpentine and it is widely used in the synthesis of polymer. In this paper, its physicochemical properties were discussed. Its several synthesis methods were summarized, such as cyanide hydrolysis, cyanide reduction and azide reduction. However, these methods exist some defects. HCN and H₂SO₄ used in the method of cyanide hydrolysis have high toxcity and high corrosivity. It would be easy to seriously pollute environment. Potassium borohydride and sodium borohydride used in the method of cyanide reduction, which belong to explosive compounds, have a certain dangerous nature. The products are difficult to separate for the method of azide reduction. Therefore, the synthesis technology of p-menthane-1,8-diamine needs a further optimization. At the same time, its applications were discussed, such as using for a curing agent of epoxy resin, a crosslinking agent, a capture agent of carbon dioxide and a synthesis ingredient. Finally, the research prospect of p-menthane-1,8-diamine on catalyst and bioactivity was reviewed.

Choose soybean oil as raw material which are usually to synthesize ESO and EFAME, use GC-MS measure the component and content, and used transesterification, epoxidation reaction, synthesized an epoxy plasticizer-epoxy low calorie oil(ELCO), and the performances of the plasticizing effects on PVC is tested. The results show that:The content of the unsaturated fatty acid reaches above 80%, it's perfectly suitable for synthesizing high epoxide number plasticizer; The content of monoacetate triglyceride in LCO would be maximum when the mole ratio of soybean oil to glyceryl triacetate is 1:1; In addition, pass the test of physical and chemical properties, DMA, film stretching, TGA-FT-IR, TGA-MS and thermal degradation kinetics. The results show that compared with ESO, ELCO has lower T_g(ELCO is -0.77℃, ESO is 6.13℃) and greater breaking elongation(ELCO is 370.56%, ESO is 321.11%); compared with EFAME, ELCO has higher flash point, lower heating loss and higher thermal stability. So ELCO is a better plasticizer product.

In order to better study the effects on the physicochemical properties and structural stability of anionic surfactant micelles in different concentrations of NaCl, based on the critical micelle concentrations of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (C₁₂H₂₅SO₄Na) at different temperatures, the surface tension, foam half-life and viscosity of the solution under different concentrations of NaCl and different temperatures were measured and obtained respectively. On this basis, the thermodynamic parameters such as viscosity activation energy, standard entropy change and standard enthalpy change of the solution under NaCl action and their variation laws were obtained through analysis. The results show that the efficiency of sodium dodecyl sulfate in reducding surface tension is controlled by both temperature effect and salt effect. With the increase of temperature, the temperature effect plays an increasingly important role. The surfactant concentration corresponding to the maximum viscosity is the critical micelle concentration at these temperature and NaCl concentration. The effect of C₁₂H₂₅SO₄Na micellization process was gradually transformed from entropy driven to enthalpy driven with the increase of temperature, and the transformation process was more and more advanced with the increase of NaCl concentration. To understand the coupling effects of temperature and NaCl concentration on the physical and chemical properties of C₁₂H₂₅SO₄Na, so as to lay a foundation for further study of its thermodynamic behavior.

Using potassium diethylene glycolate as catalyst, diethylene glycol vinyl ether was synthesized from acetylene and diethylene glycol by liquid phase cyclic reaction in a tubular reactor. The effects of catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, reaction pressure and residence time on acetylene conversion were studied. The appropriate reaction conditions are as following:the dosage of potassium diethylene glycolate is 4% based on diethylene glycol mass, the reaction temperature is 175℃, the reaction pressure is 6MPa and the residence time is 175s. Under these conditions, continuous production of diethylene glycol were conducted. At steady state, the conversion of diethylene glycol reached 76.03%, the yield of diethylene glycol monovinyl ether was 59.03%, the yield of diethylene glycol divinyl ether was 15.10% and the total yield of diethylene glycol vinyl ether was up to 74.13%. The reaction of diethylene glycol and acetylene was in good agreement with the first order reaction kinetics. The pre-exponential factor k₀ is 1.20×10⁸s^-1, and the reaction activation energy E is 86.86kJ/mol. Because of no existence of gas-phase acetylene in the tubular reactor, the danger of flammable and explosive acetylene in the gas phase under high temperature and high pressure has been overcome.

Different carbon number of linear alkyl benzene, alkyl toluene and alkyl dimethyl benzene were synthesized by using in situ ionic liquid catalytic alkylation reaction with linear alpha olefins, benzene, toluene, mixed xylene as raw materials. A series of alkyl aryl sulfonates with different molecular weight were synthesized by sulfonation, neutralization and purification. Their purity was all greater than 97.0%. Different mean molecular weight and different distribution of sulfonate systems have different ability to reduce oil-water interface tension. The flooding system composed of the average molecular weight is 432 with the incremental and inverse distributions and alkali and polymer were tested to Daqing oil showed that the oil recovery can be enhanced by 22% OOIP on the bases of water flooding.

Biochars were produced by slow co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and straws (corn straw, rice straw, wheat straw, sesame straw) at different pyrolysis temperatures (300℃, 400℃, 500℃, 600℃), pyrolysis times (0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h) and ratios (sludge/biomass 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2). The four types of biochars were labelled SCBC (biochar derived from sludge and corn straw), SRBC (biochar derived from sludge and rice straw), SWBC (biochar derived from sludge and wheat straw), SSBC (biochar derived from sludge and sesame biomass), respectively. The effect of different pyrolysis temperatures, times, and ratios on pH, yields, ash contents, pore characteristics, and adsorption capacity was studied. Based on the adsorption properties, the optimum production process of biochar was determined. The results showed that when the pyrolysis temperature was 500℃, the pyrolysis time was 2h, the ratio of sludge to corn straw and sesame straw was 1:1, the ratio of sludge to rice straw and wheat straw was 1:2, the adsorption performance of biochar was the best. Under the optimum preparation conditions, the adsorption properties of four kinds of biochars followed the order:SWBC > SRBC > SCBC > SSBC. This study provides technical support for the utilization of sewage sludge and straws.

NO_x, SO₂ and dust can be removed by the Flue gas integrated removal method at medium temperature(200-400℃), which owns development prospects with the increasingly severe environmental problems. As a potential desulfurizing agent for this method, calcium hydroxide has less experimental study on the removal of SO₂ at medium temperature. In view of this situation, the effect of different factors on the desulfurization efficiency is experimented in self-made experimental system. It was shown that the presence of water vaper and NO_x caused the inhibition on the removal of SO₂, while the increase of the elevated temperatures promoted it. The mechanism of chemical adsorption was verified by the XRD, SEM and TG. The calcium hydroxide will be decomposed gradually in the temperature range to form the oxide, which promoted the adsorption and diffusion of SO₂, and made the desulfurization effect improve. The results of the study are the basis for further improving the desulfurization effect、enhancing the activity of the calcium hydroxide and realizing the integrated removal of flue gas pollutants at medium temperature.

The emission targets and limiting contents for coal-fired power plants including in the origin desulfurization waste-water standard (DL/T997-2006) are no longer in line with the social development needs in China, so the revised demand for new standard is proposed. In this paper, the relevant norms in the United States and China is investigated by the author, and concrete suggestions according to the revision need of the standard is given, including specific numerical and algorithmic models of emission target range. According to the development status of China's industry and the national conditions, specific revision suggestions are given. The direct emission limits of pollutant control parameters of desulfurization wastewater are obtained through calculation model, the maximum daily emission limit of chloride is ≤ 500mg/L, and the maximum emission limit of TDS is ≤ 215mg/L, selenium ≤ 1.5mg/L, mercury ≤ 0.005mg/L and so on. The research results have great significance for the determination of the limits of the emission index of desulfurization wastewater in coal-fired power plants in China.

Chitosan, as a natural polymer flocculant, is a well-sourced, safe, environmentally friendly, biodegradable and eco-friendly material. Due to poor solubility in water, chitosan needs to be dissolved in dilute acid, which increases operating procedures and application costs. In this paper, chitosan was modified to carboxymethyl chitosan to make it water-soluble. The carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) was mixed with poly aluminum chloride (PAC) to treat the alcohol wastewater in a gas production plant of Changqing Oilfield. Transmittance was used to evaluate the effect of wastewater treatment with CMC-PAC complex flocculant. The experiment shows that as dosage ratio of carboxymethyl chitosan and poly aluminum chloride is 1:7, the reaction temperature is 70℃, the reaction time is 2.5h, the transmittance of alcohol containing wastewater can reach 98.7%. As compared with PAC and CMC alone, the transmittance of wastewater treated by CMC-PAC increase by 13.6% and 12.3% respectively. CMC-PAC composite flocculant played a good flocculating effect in alcohol containing wastewater by adsorption neutralization, adsorption and bridging, double electric layer compression and net capture.

3D images are widely used in our lives, and the tech of 3D images processing is what people look for. Therefore, algorithm about registration of 3D images comes in sight. And different three-dimensional image matching technology has its own advantages and disadvantages corresponding to different application fields and use methods. This paper introduces some main important ways of 3D images matching and look ahead to its future.

Compared with traditional passive vibration reduction, damping vibration control has high stability and superior controllability. It can convert mechanical vibration energy into other energy dissipation which can achieve the purpose of vibration reduction. In order to solve the vibration problem of outlet pipelines of Rich Gas Compressor in a petrochemical company in Shandong. The finite element analysis software ANSYS combined with on-site vibration situation was used to find out the cause of the pipeline vibration. The feasibility of damping vibration control was analyzed by reduction principle. And the SAP2000 was used to simulate the damping vibration control effect in which the further optimize solution was proposed. By using damping vibration control technology, combined with on-site arrangement of pipeline, without stopping the compressor and changing the pipeline structure, the dampers were installed. After the installation, the outlet pipeline vibration was reduced by more than 60% which made the whole system in a safe range of Purdue vibration standard, and the maximum drop is 94.2%. Furthermore the security risk was eliminated and the pipeline system was able to operate safety. Besides, the vibration reduction of the whole platform is over 60% which proved the damping vibration control is beneficial to the stability of chemical equipment platform.