Abstract: Single-phase CoFe₂O₄ ceramics pigments have been obtained at 400℃ by sol-gel method. The effect of annealing temperature on crystal form, grain size, grain morphology, and thermal emittance has been investigated by XRD spectra, SEM analysis and IR reflectance spectra of ceramics pigments. Ultimately, spinel-type CoFe₂O₄ ceramics pigments, organic resin, as well as organic additives have been mixed to fabricate the solar absorber paint. Subsequently, the solar absorber paint has been deposited on high infrared reflectance aluminum substrates to prepare spinel-type brown ceramic solar absorber coating with solar absorptance values of α_s=0.768-0.818, thermal emittance values of ε₁₀₀=0.315-0.398. Furthermore, with an average water contact angle values exceeding 106°, CoFe₂O₄ spinel-type ceramics coatings show the self-cleaning property.

Key words: solar energy, gels, CoFe₂O₄, spray-paint method, sintering, optical property, self-cleaning property

摘要： 采用溶液凝胶法在400℃的低温条件下制备出单相CoFe₂O₄尖晶石型陶瓷颜料。通过XRD、SEM及颜料的红外反射光谱系统的研究了煅烧温度对陶瓷颜料的晶型结构、晶粒尺寸、晶粒形貌以及热发射值的影响。随后，将合成的CoFe₂O₄尖晶石型陶瓷颜料与有机树脂、有机助剂复配，形成吸光涂料。采用操作简单，成本低廉、容易实现大面积制备的涂料喷涂法将所制备的吸光涂料喷涂到高红外反射的金属铝基底上，制备出尖晶石型棕褐色陶瓷太阳能吸光涂层，其太阳能吸收值α_s=0.768~0.818，热发射值为ε₁₀₀=0.315~0.398。棕褐色的涂层也可以满足太阳能户外建筑对色彩的需求。此外，接触角测试表明CoFe₂O₄尖晶石型陶瓷涂层平均水的接触角θ_e>106°，这使得该涂层具备一定的自清洁性能，能有效地应对户外湿度环境对涂层的侵蚀。

关键词: 太阳能, 凝胶, CoFe₂O₄, 喷涂法, 烧结, 光学性能, 自清洁性能