Abstract:

The low utilization rate of traditional energy has exacerbated the environmental crisis, which emerges low-energy thermal management materials. This article introduces the principle of infrared radiation control technology, reviewes the research progress of selective radiation control materials in the fields of building thermal management and human thermal management, and summarizes the related research and application progress of the infrared properties of two types of materials. Radiation selective control materials realizes radiation temperature control by designing the optical characteristics of the surface structure and adjusting solar radiation. Building thermal management materials mainly include transparent coatings, pigment coatings and radiation coolers. Different building envelopes correspond to different performances. Walls and roofs use radiation coolers and pigment coatings with high solar reflectance and high infrared emissivity, while windows provide certain lighting for the interior and thus they also needed to have high solar transmittance. Human thermal management materials are mainly wearable fabrics, including radiant heat dissipation fabrics, radiant thermal insulation fabrics and smart radiant fabrics. In addition to corresponding radiation performance, it should also possess the flexibility, breathability and antibacterial properties of ordinary fabrics. Finally, this article looks forward to future research directions from the perspective of combining the performance of radiation control materials with practical applications.

Key words: solar energy, radiation, sustainability, thermal management, coating, fabric

摘要：

传统的石化能源利用率较低加剧了环境危机，低能耗的热管理材料应运而生。本文介绍了红外辐射调控技术的原理，综述了辐射选择性调控材料在建筑热管理和人体热管理领域的研究进展，并概述了两类材料红外性能的相关研究和应用进展。文中指出：辐射选择性调控材料是通过设计材料表面结构的光学特性，调节太阳辐射来实现辐射控温的。建筑热管理材料主要有透明涂层、颜料涂层和辐射冷却器等，不同的建筑围护结构对应不同的性能，如具有高太阳反射率和高红外发射率的辐射冷却器和颜料涂层大都应用在墙体和屋顶上，而窗户要为室内提供一定的照明，因此还需具有高太阳透过率；人体热管理材料主要是可穿戴织物，包括辐射散热织物、辐射保温织物和智能辐射织物，除了具有相应的辐射性能之外还应该具备普通织物所具有的柔韧性、透气性、抗菌性的特点。最后，本文从辐射调控材料的性能与实际应用相结合的角度展望了未来的研究方向。

关键词: 太阳能, 辐射, 可持续性, 热管理, 涂层, 织物