Research progress on the preparation of lignin-derived adsorption materials and their application in wastewater treatment

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1806

Abstract

Abstract:

Lignin is a kind of natural phenolic polymer widely existing in plants, which has the advantages of extensive sources, rich oxygen-containing functional groups and high carbon content. Lignin-derived adsorption materials with excellent performance can be obtained by modifying, compounding and pyrolysis carbonization of lignin, which has a wide application prospect in wastewater treatment. In this paper, the structure and properties of lignin, and the types and preparation methods of lignin based adsorbents are described. The modification methods of lignin based adsorbents are analyzed in detail, such as surface modification with metal ions and functional groups containing N, O, S and composite modification. The application of lignin-based adsorbents in the adsorption of dyes, drugs, heavy metals and other pollutants in wastewater is also reviewed. Finally, the current problems of lignin derived adsorbents are summarized, and it is prospected for the future research directions. How to realize the controllable preparation and large-scale production of lignin derived adsorbents and improve the applicability of adsorbents in the actual environment is the main research content in the future.

Key words: biomass, lignin derived adsorbent, preparation, wastewater treatment

摘要：

木质素是一种广泛存在于植物中的天然酚类高分子，具有来源广泛、含氧官能团丰富、含碳量高等优点。对木质素进行修饰改性、复合、热解炭化能够获得性能优异的木质素衍生吸附材料，在废水处理中具有广泛的应用前景。本文对木质素的分子结构特点进行了概述，总结了木质素基吸附剂的种类及其制备方法，详细介绍了木质素基吸附剂的修饰改性方法，如金属离子、含N、O、S官能团表面修饰以及复合改性等，并综述了木质素基吸附剂在染料、药物、重金属废水处理中的应用研究。最后，对木质素衍生吸附材料目前存在的问题以及未来的研究方向进行了总结和展望，如何实现木质素衍生吸附剂的可控制备和规模化生产，提高吸附剂在实际环境中的适用性是未来的主要研究内容。

关键词: 生物质, 木质素基吸附剂, 制备, 废水处理

CLC Number:

TQ028.8

ZHANG Lizhu, WANG Huan, LI Qiong, YANG Dongjie. Research progress on the preparation of lignin-derived adsorption materials and their application in wastewater treatment[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(7): 3731-3744.

张丽珠, 王欢, 李琼, 杨东杰. 木质素衍生吸附材料及其在废水处理中的应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(7): 3731-3744.

Figures/Tables 12

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吸附质	吸附剂	最大吸附量Q/mg·g^-1	参考文献
亚甲基蓝	80%乙醇不溶木质素	396.9	［20］
亚甲基蓝	柠檬酸改性磁性介孔木质素基吸附剂	339.4	［18］
亚甲基蓝	酚化改性交联木质素基吸附剂	99.4	［67］
亚甲基蓝	GO/碱木质素气凝胶	1185.9	［68］
孔雀石绿	GO/胺化木质素气凝胶	113.5	［69］
亚甲基蓝	磺化木质素水凝胶	495	［70］

吸附质	吸附剂	最大吸附量Q/mg·g^-1	参考文献
亚甲基蓝	80%乙醇不溶木质素	396.9	［20］
亚甲基蓝	柠檬酸改性磁性介孔木质素基吸附剂	339.4	［18］
亚甲基蓝	酚化改性交联木质素基吸附剂	99.4	［67］
亚甲基蓝	GO/碱木质素气凝胶	1185.9	［68］
孔雀石绿	GO/胺化木质素气凝胶	113.5	［69］
亚甲基蓝	磺化木质素水凝胶	495	［70］

吸附质	原料	制备/改性方法	比表面积/m²·g^-1	最大吸附量Q/mg·g^-1	参考文献
亚甲基蓝	酶解木质素	Fe₃O₄模板炭化	16.4	621.5	［63］
亚甲基蓝	酸水解分馏的低硫木质素	磷酸浸渍活化	>2000	535.0	［72］
亚甲基蓝	木质素磺酸钠	角叉菜胶模板凝胶-KOH炭化活化	594.6	421.9	［73］
罗丹明B	碱木质素	溶液冻干-300℃低温退火	—	156.4	［74］
甲基橙	木质素	甲醛交联木质素-铁源复合-炭化	—	去除率97.7%	［75］
甲基橙	木质素	共沉淀复合-炭化法	—	113.0	［76］

吸附质	原料	制备/改性方法	比表面积/m²·g^-1	最大吸附量Q/mg·g^-1	参考文献
亚甲基蓝	酶解木质素	Fe₃O₄模板炭化	16.4	621.5	［63］
亚甲基蓝	酸水解分馏的低硫木质素	磷酸浸渍活化	>2000	535.0	［72］
亚甲基蓝	木质素磺酸钠	角叉菜胶模板凝胶-KOH炭化活化	594.6	421.9	［73］
罗丹明B	碱木质素	溶液冻干-300℃低温退火	—	156.4	［74］
甲基橙	木质素	甲醛交联木质素-铁源复合-炭化	—	去除率97.7%	［75］
甲基橙	木质素	共沉淀复合-炭化法	—	113.0	［76］

吸附质	原料	改性/制备方法	比表面积/m²·g^-1	最大吸附量Q/mg·g^-1	参考文献
氯霉素	木质素磺酸钠	埃洛石模板-KOH活化	2320	1297.0	［78］
磺胺二甲基嘧啶	木质酸磺酸钠	SiO₂模板-KOH活化	2784	869.6	［79］
四环素	木质素磺酸钠	NaCl模板-KOH活化	3505	1613.0	［80］
环丙沙星	木质素磺酸钠	GO模板-KOH活化	3223	980.4	［81］
双氯芬酸	松木提取木质素	硫酸氧化- K₂FeO₄活化	457.4	159.7	［82］
扑热息痛	硫酸盐黑液	单宁缩聚-水热交联-热解	101.0	73.6	［83］
氟西汀	硫酸盐制浆初级污泥	KOH活化	115	191.6	［84］