Abstract: This is a review of residual oil stability as it relates to efficient processing and utilization of the residue at different stages in terms of changes in environment and material. The current theory of colloidal hypothesis and model is introduced in this paper. While combine the theoretical study on the colloidal stability of residual oil with the stability prediction parameters such as CI, CⅡ, S and NCSI are briefly described, the stability analysis methods, including direct observational method, parameter method based on solvent titration and index evaluation method, are summarized and explained in detail. Based on comparing the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, this paper predicts the probably trend of the research on the colloidal stability of residual oil. The classical four-component theoretical model and the analytical method based on the solvent effect to characterize the stability will continue to be important for the long time. Nevertheless, an outlook is provided of the future of the study on the stability of the residue, the researchers will pay more and more attention on theoretical study based on molecular level and stability analysis methods which are more convenient, accurate and rapid.

Key words: residue, colloidal stability, model, analytical method

摘要： 由于环境、物质变化常破坏渣油原有的稳定状态，在不同阶段对渣油的高效加工利用带来不利影响。本文综述了近年来渣油稳定性现有研究进展，介绍了国内外学者对渣油胶体理论和胶体模型的认识。简述了结合渣油胶体稳定性理论而提出的CI、CⅡ、S、NCSI等稳定性预测参数，并对稳定性分析方法进行了归纳和总结，包括直接观察法、基于溶剂滴定的参数法、指数评价方法等，做了详细的阐述和说明，并就各个方法的优缺点进行了讨论。就渣油胶体体系稳定性研究来说，经典的四组分理论模型和基于溶剂效应来表征稳定性的分析方法在今后一段时间将会一直是研究重点，然而展望渣油稳定性研究，基于分子水平理论研究以及更便捷准确快速的稳定性分析方法会是今后研究的重点。

关键词: 渣油, 胶体稳定性, 模型, 表征方法