Combined Fenton/Photo-Fenton and biological processes are the most promising methods for the remediation of contaminated water and soil. A review is made on enhancing biodegradability by using Fenton/Photo-Fenton oxidation as pretreatment. It is indicated that finding an appropriate oxidation state through varying oxidation conditions is the key to the problem. The applications of the combined processes, mainly on laboratory scale, with some pilot-scale studies, are presented. Finally, the research directions are indicated based on the problems of the combined processes.

The structure，performance，synthesis methods and development trends of neotame are introduced in this paper. Especially，the methods to synthesize neotame are described in detail and compared with each other. The process of chemical synthesis is simple，whereas this method gives a lower yield of product. The advantage of chemical-enzyme synthesis is high enzyme specificity but the disadvantage is higher cost of zymolysis. It is found that using aspartame as raw material to synthesize neotame is the most promising process because aspartame is cheap and readily available.

The research and development of the energy-efficient coatings used in roof surface is presented. Firstly，three factors of energy-efficiency：reflectance，radiation，insulation are defined，and how membranes，reflective-pigments，infrared-radioactive pigments，heat-insulting pigments have an effect on the energy-efficiency performance of coatings is explained. Especially，the new type pigment known as CICP，which consists of the mixture of metal oxides and has a high reflectance in near-infrared region of solar spectrum is introduced.

Along with the rapid development of high-technology，the operation temperature of piezoelectric devices are getting higher and higher，consequently，the high temperature piezoceramics has become one of the research focuses of piezoceramics. In this paper，the research status of modified perovskite，tungsten bronze and bismuth layer structure of high temperature piezoceramics is introduced. The prospect of the high temperature piezoceramics is presented，and suggestions for its future research are made.

Compared to natural cyclodextrins，amphiphilic cyclodextrins not only include guest molecules，but also self-assemble into vesicles，which are important drug carriers. In this article，syntheses of amphiphilic cyclodextrins are reviewed and the development prospects are also presented.

The history of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is reviewed. The polishing mechanism and application of CMP are summarized. In addition，the different polishing slurries，such as CeO2，SiO2 and Al2O3 polishing slurries，and their advantages and disadvantages，polishing mechanisms and recent preparation methods are also elaborated. Finally，the future prospect of CMP and the development trends of new types of polishing slurry are outlined.

In this paper，the application and development of ultrasound enhancement in membrane separation processes are reviewed. Applications of ultrasound to enhancing membrane separation including filtration，assisted membrane cleaning and mass transfer membrane process are presented，and the factors influencing the ultrasound enhancement are discussed. Furthermore，the effects of ultrasound irradiation on membrane structure are summarized. It is clear that，in spite of improved performance of membrane separation，ultrasound waves have be used with care.

Electrokinetic remediation is an environment-friendly and highly efficient in-situ technique. In recent years，electrokinetic remediation technique has been developed rapidly in China and abroad. In order to enhance the removal rate of pollutants，using chemical regents to enhance the electrokinetic remediation process has been a research focus in this area. In this paper，the basic principle，process characteristics and current challenges for electrokinetic remediation are introduced. The research of different kinds of chemical enhancers，together with the recent progress，application in practice and future trends are presented.

Initial research on phase maldistribution of gas-liquid two-phase flow at a T-junction is reviewed. With further research on such maldistribution，the T-junction acting as phase separator of two-phase flows has gradually caught attention of petrochemical and chemical industries. Geometry structure and characteristic features of the T-junction for two-phase flows are introduced. Research progress of gas-liquid and liquid-liquid two-phase flows at the T-junctions is reviewed and research on gas-solid and liquid-solid flows at the T-junctions is briefly summarized. Finally，the research area for further study is presented.

Surface photo-grafting polymerization can be used on the surface modification of organic materials and the functionalization of polymer surface. Advance in surface modification of polymer through UV-induced grafting polymerization is reviewed. The mechanism of grafting，factors affecting photo-grafting，and the new technologies of grafting method and application are described.

Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysts of ethylene oligomerization to α-olefins is summarized. The reaction performance of ethylene oligomerization is reviewed from the aspects of catalysts，active site，the varieties，valent state，coordination state of metal cation，the roles of co-catalysts. The structure and characteristics of heterogeneous catalysts，formation of intermediates in the reaction and reaction mechanism are discussed. The main problems in researching heterogeneous catalysts are indicated. Future development of heterogeneous catalysts in ethylene oligomerization to α-olefins is presented.

The basic principles of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction are described. The theories of deactivation for SCR catalysts are analyzed. Some kinds of regeneration technologies for catalysts，such as water washing，thermal regeneration，thermal reduction regeneration，acid treatment，thermal regeneration by SO2，are summarized. The method of acid treatment is evaluated experimentally and the application of regeneration methods in thermal power plants is presented.

The characteristics，types，developments of the heterogeneous photocatalytic reactors are presented. The design and application of novel reactors are described on the basis of photon transfer limitations and mass transfer limitations. A comparison of the slurry reactors and supported reactors showed that the divided slurry reactors and supported fluidized bed photocatalytic reactor are the development trends of photocatalytic reactors. In particular，important issues in design and research trends in the future were discussed.

The developments of environment-friendly plasticizers of poly(vinyl chloride)，epoxidized vegetable oil and tri-butyl citrate and acetyl tri-butyl citrate，are discussed. These kinds of plasticizers are cheap and used extensively. Their preparation is discussed by contrast with the traditional catalyst and the use of new and high efficiency catalysts is emphasized. It is pointed out that environment- friendly plasticizers are the worldwide development trend and accord with sustainable development.

The recent progress of the catalysts of Fries rearrangement reaction is reviewed. The characteristic properties of methane sulfonic acid catalysts，metallic-OTf catalysts，heteropoly acid catalysts，zeolite catalysts and ionic liquid catalysts are summarized. The new catalysts are superior to the traditional ones in several aspects：less consumption，easier operation，shorter reaction time，higher catalytic activity，better catalytic selectivity，reusability and less pollution to the environment. Finally the prospects of the research and application of the novel catalysts of Fries rearrangement reaction are presented.

Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane module with membrane pore size of 50nm was used as pretreatment for a two-phase anaerobic process in order to improve the bio-treating performance of high concentration organic wastewater containing polyphenols. The results showed that the COD removal rate was 37.3% and SS removal rate was 87.8% under the operating pressure of 0.2MPa when wastewater was pretreated by the UF membrane. The effects of inlet ratio，phosphorous concentration and the ratio of HRT2/ HRT1 (hydraulic retention time) on COD removal rate and methane output were also discussed. The best results for the treatment of wastewater containing polyphenols were： COD removal rate of 83.5%，an improvement of 5%～7%，and methane output of anaerobic reactor of 0.46 m3/kg(COD)，an improvement of 0.10 m3/kg(COD)，when inlet ratio was 15.0%，phosphorous concentration was 71.5 mg/L and the ratio of HRT2/ HRT1 was 3～4.

The catalyst of Mn-CeOx/ACFN was prepared by the method of impregnation on the surface of activated carbon fiber treated with nitric acid. The activity of Mn-CeOx/ACFN was tested in the presence of NH3 as reducing agent for selective catalytic reduction of NO. The influences of loading，calcination temperature，the concentrations of NH3，NO and O2 on the de-NO efficiency were studied too. It was found that the catalyst of Mn-CeOx/ACFN with 40% the mole ratio of Mn/(Mn+Ce) showed higher de-NO efficiency under the conditions of temperature 80～150 ℃，NH3/NO 1.08，NO 650×10－6 and O2 3.6%.

The application of foam fractionation in recovery of lactoalbumin from soy protein wastewater was studied. The influence of various operation parameters was also investigated. The experimental results showed that the effect on separation was differently influenced by pH，gas velocity，initial feed concentration，pool height and foam height. Low gas velocity，high foam level，low initial concentration，and appropriate pH were the optimum conditions. The enrichment ratio could reach 3.25 when concentration of feed was 0.54 g/L，pH was 5，ratio between foam height and pool height was 4∶1，gas velocity was15.0 L/h. When concentration of feed was 0.54 g/L，pH was 5，ratio between foam height and pool height was 3∶1，gas velocity was15.0 L/h，the highest value of removal rate obtained was 48.5%.

A kind of waste PTFE filled with 45% (mass ratio) of stainless steel powder was chosen as the experimental material. The samples were pyrolyzed in a self-made tubular reactor. In addition，the effects of pyrolysis conditions were investigated. The results indicated that final pyrolysis temperature (FPT)，duration at FPT，heating rate，particle size and inert gas (N2) velocity all influenced the pyrolysis process of this waste PTFE. Three factors including FPT，duration at FPT and heating rate，which affected pyrolysis obviously，were selected to perform L16(45) orthogonal experiment. And the optimum operation conditions of 550℃ of FPT，20min of duration at FPT and 15K·min-1 of heating rate were determined. The results of the pyrolysis of waste polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) to the useful compounds：tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene，octafluorocyclobutane are presented.

Studies were performed under atmospheric pressure in a fixed-bed microreactor and an on-line pulse reactor chromatograph to determine the effect of temperature，m(H2O)/m(C4) and residence time on producing propylene from C4 mixture. The experimental results showed that the yield of propylene increased with the increase of reaction temperature，but higher temperature resulted in obviously increasing dry gas yield and decreasing selectivity of propylene. The optimum m(H2O)/m(C4) and residence time could inhibit hydrogen transfer reaction and the yield of dry gas，and increase the yield and selectivity of propylene.

Removal of basic nitrogen compounds from FCC diesel oil with AlCl3/methanol complexing extraction agent was investigated. The results showed that the content of basic nitrogen compounds in FCC diesel oil was decreased, the appearance color and existent gum of diesel oil were improved greatly. Removal rate and feed oil recovery were obviously increased with the mixed solvents of methanol and formic acid. The removal rate was up to 96.6%, feed oil recovery was 97.0% when ratio of extraction solvent to oil was 1.0，formic acid/ methanol was 1:4, AlCl3 was 1.0g/L and reaction time was 3min.

Applications of vinyl triethoxysilane and primary synthesis methods are introduced in this paper. The preparation of 4A zeolite supported platinum catalyst，and its catalytic properties for hydrosilylation reaction of acetylene with triethoxysilane were studied. The influences of reaction conditions，such as reaction temperature，the volumetric ratio of raw materials，the quantity of Pt in the catalyst，the flow rate of acetylene，were discussed. The result showed that 4A zeolite supported platinum catalyst had good catalytic activity for hydrosilylation reaction of acetylene with triethoxysilane. The reaction was mild，and the catalyst could be reused.

12-Phosphotungstics acid(PW12) supported on SiO2 were prepared by the sol-gel method. The effect of preparation conditions on the catalytic performance in synthesis of tributyl citrate (TBC) with critic acid and n-butyl alcohol was investigated and the mechanism was discussed. The results showed that 10%(mass) PW12 made by 2 g PW12，3 mL pure water and ethanol as co-solvent and activated at 110 ℃ had good activity and stability. Esterification ratio was 97.1% with high purity of the product TBC.

Oil soluble Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized，and magnetic thermo-responsive microcapsules were prepared by using the interfacial polymerization method，and then plasma-graft pore-filling polymerization was performed to graft PNIPAM into the pores of microcapsule membranes. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were investigated by using XRD，FT-IR and TEM，SEM，VSM，magnetic field separation test，and release experiment of VB12 were used to characterize the prepared microcapsules. The results showed that ungrafted microcapsules had porous and unsymmetrical membranes，and the grafted microcapsule membranes exhibited superparamagnetic property with good magnetic field responsiveness and satisfactory thermo-responsive controlled-release property.

Bioleaching of chalcopyrite with mesophile Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was performed at a low temperature (8～10℃). The results showed that the leaching rate of chalcopyrite for copper in sulfuric acid medium in 90 days was only 16.08%，the leaching rate in ferric sulfate medium was 21.3%，but for bioleaching it was as high as 37.96%. The optimal conditions for chalcopyrite bioleaching with Thiobacillus ferrooxidans were pH 2.0，10% inoculation，100 mesh ore size，2% slurry concentration. At the initial stage of the bioleaching process，adding 6g/L Fe2+ would greatly enhance bioleaching rate for copper to 53.51%.

The effect of diethyl ether on preparation of magnesium hydroxide submicron-sized particles at ambient temperature was studied via the direct precipitation method by using MgCl2·6H2O and NH3·H2O as raw materials. The morphology，crystalline structure and thermal behavior were characterized by TEM，XRD and TG，respectively. The result indicated that the time of filtering and drying of products was drastically decreased by 96 % and 75 % compared to blank experiments，when diethyl ether was fed into mother liquor and the percentage composition was 80 %，the impurity of NH4Cl·MgCl2·6H2O was effectively inhibited，and disk-like magnesium hydroxide particles with excellent dispersibility were obtained. It was also found that hydrophilicity of products was completely changed to hydrophobicity，and the morphology of products was changed from hexagonal plates to needles when stearic acid existed in (C2H5)2O-H2O system and the the amount of stearic acid was 1.2 % based on the weight of MgCl2·6H2O.

This paper discusses the fabrication techniques of the compound anode/electrolyte substrate membranes of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) using the traditional tape casting method. The SOFC anode and electrolyte are Ni-YSZ and YSZ respectively. The techniques include the preparation of the tape casting slips and the tape casting processes. Co-sintering method was used to obtain uniform and flat SOFC porous anode-substrate compact electrolyte film. The thicknesses of the anode substrate，anode functional layer and dense electrolyte film were about 1000 µm，20 µm and 40 µm respectively. The anode porosity，electrolyte gas penetrative ratio，microstructures and thermal expansion coefficient were measured. The results indicated that SOFC anode-substrate anode/electrolyte system with well-structured and good performance could be produced by the tape casting and co-sintering method.

The monomer of [N(C3H6Si(OC2H5)3)3] as the silicon coupling agent was synthesized from γ-chloropropyltriethoxysilane and γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with KI as catalyst. The polysiloxane resin was prepared through the hydrolysis and condensation of the silicon coupling agent，and then reacting with quaternization agent C2H5Br. The experiment results indicated that the bacteria killing rates of E. coli and S. aureus were 100% and 99.80% respectively after suspensions with a cell density of 5.4×103 cfu/mL flowed through 1g resins at the liquid flow rate of 15 mL/min. The antibacterial rates of regenerated resin to E. coli and S. aureus were 100% and 99.76% respectively.

Preparation of plasticizer dioctyl terephthalate(DOTP) by the waste PET as raw material and tetrabutyl titanate as the catalyst in the aprotic solvent of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone is study. Influences of the reaction time，molar ratio，type of solvents and their volume on the yield of alcoholysis products are investigated. The results show that the initial phase is non-homogeneous reaction，solid-liquid mass transfer coefficient is the main factor on the reaction rate，N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone can accelerate the dissolution of polyester film and prompte the alcoholysis reaction into homogeneous process. Under the condition of the reaction time of 2 h，mole ratio (2-EH to PET) of 4，weight ratio (catalyst to PET) of 0.5%，and volume ratio (2-EH to NMP) of 4，the yield of DOTP is 78.10 %.

The by-product manganese sulfate in the production of hydroquinone in a chemical plant was studied with recrystallization，precipitation and direct heating in laboratory，and the content of bivalent manganese content was used for evaluation of purification effect. The results showed that both precipitation and direct heating could achieve separation and purification，but recrystallization could not achieve its desired effect of separation. Comparing the two methods，direct heating can achieve separation and can make full use of raw materials. Furthermore，after separation manganese sulfate and ammonium sulfate could be obtained，and direct heating is a simple method of separation.

Based on three-link energy structural model and plant calibration data，energy balance test and process energy utilization analysis were carried out for two typical hydrocracking plants for producing heavy naphtha and middle distillates respectively. The effects of process configuration，catalyst，equipment，technology and efficiency on energy utilization level were analyzed in detail. Energy-saving approaches were recommended from the aspects of plant design and operation.