Abstract:

In response to the Dual Carbon Targets, propane direct dehydrogenation technology has been rapidly applied in recent years. The development of alternative catalysts is a core issue in the development of novel processes. Zeolites, capable of encapsulating metal clusters within the pores or anchoring them on the framework, have become an ideal support for preparing highly-efficient and stable dehydrogenation catalysts. The synthesis methodologies for zeolite-confined catalysts, including those based on platinum, rhodium, zinc, cobalt, have been systematically described according to their different active centers. Research progress on the interactions between metal nanoclusters and zeolite frameworks, as well as their catalytic mechanisms, has been reviewed. The limitations of zeolite-confined catalysts, such as key component loss at high temperature and active center aggregation, have been identified. Strategies to strengthen the interaction between metals and zeolite frameworks have been proposed. It is prospected that, in order to accelerate industrial application of zeolite-confined catalysts, further research is necessary to be conducted on both fundamental scientific issues and scaling up of the catalysts suitable for industrial conditions.

Key words: propane dehydrogenation, catalysts, zeolite, confinement effects

摘要：

在“双碳”目标的背景下，丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯技术在近年得到迅速推广应用。替代催化剂的开发是丙烷脱氢新型工艺开发的核心问题。分子筛因能将金属团簇封装在孔道内或锚定于骨架上，而成为制备高效、稳定脱氢催化剂的理想载体。本文从不同活性中心的角度出发，系统阐述了铂基、铑基、锌基、钴基等分子筛限域催化剂的合成方法，金属纳米团簇与分子筛骨架间相互作用以及催化作用机制的研究进展，分析了分子筛限域催化剂在高温下关键组分流失、活性中心团聚的不足，提出了强化金属与分子筛相互作用的调控思路。最后指出为早日实现工业替代，分子筛限域催化剂还应从基础科学问题和适应于工业条件的催化剂放大两方面进行深入研究。

关键词: 丙烷脱氢, 催化剂, 分子筛, 限域效应