化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 3224-3238.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1379

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水中锂分离的研究进展

白瑞兵1,2(), 王均凤1(), 王道广1, 张延强1,3   

  1. 1.中国科学院过程工程研究所离子液体清洁过程北京市重点实验室,北京 100190
    2.中国科学院大学中丹学院,北京 100049
    3.郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院,河南 郑州 450000
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-17 修回日期:2020-12-18 出版日期:2021-06-06 发布日期:2021-06-22
  • 通讯作者: 王均凤
  • 作者简介:白瑞兵(1989—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为金属离子分离。E-mail:rbbai@ipe.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21978302)

Research progress of ionic liquid-based extraction separation of lithium from brine

BAI Ruibing1,2(), WANG Junfeng1(), WANG Daoguang1, ZHANG Yanqiang1,3   

  1. 1.Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2.College of Sino-Danish, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    3.Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
  • Received:2020-07-17 Revised:2020-12-18 Online:2021-06-06 Published:2021-06-22
  • Contact: WANG Junfeng

摘要:

近年来,锂电行业的迅猛发展,使锂资源,特别是卤水锂资源的开发利用受到了广泛关注。离子液体作为一种新型的绿色介质为优化升级传统溶剂萃取法卤水提锂带来了新机遇。本文首先简要回顾了离子液体基萃取体系用于卤水提锂的发展历程,重点阐述了离子液体萃取分离锂的行为与性能,详细讨论了萃取机理,并简单介绍了其他基于离子液体的锂分离技术。在此基础上进一步分析了离子液体基萃取体系存在的问题, 提出深入开展离子液体基萃取体系用于盐湖锂分离的机理研究并开发新型离子液体萃取剂及萃取体系,建立和优化新型萃取工艺是未来的主要发展方向。本文期望为盐湖锂资源的绿色、高效开发提供借鉴与参考。

关键词: 盐湖锂, 分离, 离子液体, 溶剂萃取, 机理, 离子交换

Abstract:

In recent years, the rapid development of lithium battery industry has attracted widespread attention to the development and utilization of lithium resources, especially the brine lithium resources. Ionic liquid (IL) as a new type of green organic solvent, which is composed of anions and cations, exhibits unique physical and chemical properties, and brings new opportunities for optimizing and upgrading traditional solvent extraction method to extract lithium from brine. In this paper, the development history of ionic liquid-based extraction systems for lithium separation from salt lake brine was briefly reviewed firstly. Then, the behavior and performance of lithium extraction with ionic liquid as diluent, extractant or co-extractant were reviewed and discussed. In addition, the extraction mechanisms are elaborated in detail. Other IL-based lithium recovery processes, such as nanofiltration and electrolysis with IL-based membrane, and co-extraction with IL-based bulky anion, were also summarized. Finally, the problems of ionic liquid-based extraction system were further analyzed. It was proposed that the in-depth study of lithium extraction mechanism, the development of new ionic liquid extractants and extraction systems, and the establishment of new extraction processes were the main development directions in the future. This review is expected to provide a reference for the green and efficient extraction of lithium from salt lake.

Key words: lithium in salt lake, separation, ionic liquids, solvent extraction, mechanism, ion exchange

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