二维膜的精密构筑和结构调控策略综述

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0954

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

膜分离技术效率高、能耗低，在水处理和气体分离等领域有重要应用。二维膜是一类新兴的分离膜，由高横纵比的二维纳米片组装而成，成膜容易、力学性能好、结构可设计、可调控；在实验室范围内实现了有机溶剂脱水、纳滤、离子截留、气体筛分等领域的高效分离，有望突破传统分离膜的性能上限；但目前对二维膜的研究仍处于初期阶段。如何对二维膜进行精密构筑和结构调控，以优化其分离性能，使之针对不同的分离体系、在各分离尺度达到理想的分离效果仍具挑战。面对如何提高二维膜的渗透性、选择性和稳定性这三项性能评价指标，本文综述了系列二维膜的精密构筑和结构调控方法，包括离子交联、客体材料插层、表面改性等，分别从二维膜的层间距调控、二维纳米片相互作用关系的调节、二维膜的通道有序性等方面设计与构筑二维膜的分离通道，以实现二维膜分离性能的全面提升。

关键词: 无机膜, 膜分离, 二维膜

Abstract:

Membrane separation is energy-saving and highly efficient, which shows important applications in the fields of water treatment and gas separation. Two-dimensional (2D) membrane is a kind of novel membrane, assembled from 2D nanosheets with a high aspect ratio. They are easily manufacturable and have good mechanical strength with designable and controllable structure. In the laboratory, 2D membrane has been widely used in organic solvent dehydration, nanofiltration, ion rejection, gas separation, etc, which is expected to break through the performance limit of traditional separation membrane. However, till now, the study on 2D membrane is still in its infancy. It is still challenging to accurately design and tune the structure of 2D membrane to achieve the desired separation performance. This study summarized several strategies of the structure design and tuning, which include cross-linking, guest materials intercalation, surface modification, etc., aiming to improve the permeability, selectivity, and stability of 2D membranes. This information can help to improve the separation performance by tuning the interlayer spacing, channel orderliness of the 2D membrane, and the interaction between the nanosheets.

Key words: inorganic membranes, membrane separation, two-dimensional membranes

中图分类号:

TQ028.8

樊江, 汪唯, 蔡佳浩, 卢纵, 丁力, 魏嫣莹, 王海辉. 二维膜的精密构筑和结构调控策略综述[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(12): 4823-4836.

Jiang FAN, Wei WANG, Jiahao CAI, Zong LU, Li DING, Yanying WEI, Haihui WANG. A review of structural design and tuning methods of two-dimensional membranes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(12): 4823-4836.

参考文献

1	ROBESON L M. The upper bound revisited[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2008, 320(1): 390-400.
2	HYUN Taehoon, JEONG Jinhong, CHAE Ari, et al. 2D-enabled membranes: materials and beyond[J]. BMC Chemical Engineering, 2019, 1(1): 12.
3	ZHANG Hua. Ultrathin two-dimensional nanomaterials[J]. ACS Nano, 2015, 9(10): 9451-9469.
4	LIU Gongping, JIN Wanqin, XU Nanping. Graphene-based membranes[J]. Chemical Society Reviews, 2015, 44(15): 5016-5030.
5	CHHOWALLA M, SHIN Hyeon Suk, EDA G, et al. The chemistry of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets[J]. Nature Chemistry, 2013, 5: 263.
6	DING Li, WEI Yanying, WANG Yanjie, et al. A two-dimensional lamellar membrane: MXene nanosheet stacks[J]. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition, 2017, 56(7): 1825-1829.
7	WANG Yanjie, LI Yanying, WEI Yanying, et al. Water transport with ultralow friction through partially exfoliated g-C₃N₄ nanosheet membranes with self-supporting spacers[J]. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition, 2017, 56(31): 8974-8980.
8	VAROON K, ZHANG Xueyi, ELYASSI B, et al. Dispersible exfoliated zeolite nanosheets and their application as a selective membrane[J]. Science, 2011, 334(6052): 72-75.
9	JEON Mi Young, KIM Donghun, KUMAR P, et al. Ultra-selective high-flux membranes from directly synthesized zeolite nanosheets[J]. Nature, 2017, 543(7647): 690-694.
10	PENG Yuan, LI Yanshuo, BAN Yujie, et al. Two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanosheets for membrane-based gas separation[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2017, 56(33): 9757-9761.
11	周胜, 侯倩倩, 魏嫣莹, 等. 金属有机骨架膜的制备与应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(1): 467-484.
11	ZHOU Sheng, HOU Qianqian, WEI Yanying, et al. Recent progress on the preparation and applications of metal organic framework membranes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(1): 467-484.
12	LI Gang, ZHANG Kai, TSURU T. Two-dimensional covalent organic framework (COF) membranes fabricated via the assembly of exfoliated cof nanosheets[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9(10): 8433-8436.
13	HUO Chengxue, YAN Zhong, SONG Xiufeng, et al. 2D materials via liquid exfoliation: a review on fabrication and applications[J]. Science Bulletin, 2015, 60(23): 1994-2008.
14	COLEMAN J N. Liquid exfoliation of defect-free graphene[J]. Accounts of Chemical Research, 2013, 46(1): 14-22.
15	YAO Yagang, LIN Ziyin, LI Zhuo, et al. Large-scale production of two-dimensional nanosheets[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22(27): 13494-13499.
16	RODENAS T, LUZ I, PRIETO G, et al. Metal-organic framework nanosheets in polymer composite materials for gas separation[J]. Nature Materials, 2015, 14(1): 48-55.
17	ZHAO Meiting, WANG Yixian, MA Qinglang, et al. Ultrathin 2D metal-organic framework nanosheets[J]. Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(45): 7372-7378.
18	DING Li, WEI Yanying, LI Libo, et al. MXene molecular sieving membranes for highly efficient gas separation[J]. Nature Communications, 2018, 9(1): 155.
19	KIM Hyo Won, YOON Hee Wook, YOON Seon-Mi, et al. Selective gas transport through few-layered graphene and graphene oxide membranes[J]. Science, 2013, 342(6154): 91-95.
20	PHAM V H, CUONG T V, HUR S H, et al. Fast and simple fabrication of a large transparent chemically-converted graphene film by spray-coating[J]. Carbon, 2010, 48(7): 1945-1951.
21	PENG Yuan, LI Yanshuo, BAN Yujie, et al. Metal-organic framework nanosheets as building blocks for molecular sieving membranes[J]. Science, 2014, 346(6215): 1356-1359.
22	DIBA M, FAM D W H, BOCCACCINI A R, et al. Electrophoretic deposition of graphene-related materials: a review of the fundamentals[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2016, 82: 83-117.
23	HU Meng, MI Baoxia. Layer-by-layer assembly of graphene oxide membranes via electrostatic interaction[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2014, 469: 80-87.
24	WERBER J R, OSUJI C O, ELIMELECH M. Materials for next-generation desalination and water purification membranes[J]. Nature Reviews Materials, 2016, 1(5): 16018.
25	MOHAMMAD A W, TEOW Y H, ANG W L, et al. Nanofiltration membranes review: recent advances and future prospects[J]. Desalination, 2015, 356: 226-254.
26	LIU Guozhen, SHEN Jie, LIU Quan, et al. Ultrathin two-dimensional MXene membrane for pervaporation desalination[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2018, 548: 548-558.
27	LI Zhongkun, LIU Yanchang, LI Libo, et al. Ultra-thin titanium carbide (MXene) sheet membranes for high-efficient oil/water emulsions separation[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2019, 592: 117361.
28	MOGHADAM F, PARK Ho Bum. Two-dimensional materials: an emerging platform for gas separation membranes[J]. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 2018, 20: 28-38.
29	NIE Lina, Kunli GOH, WANG Yu, et al. Realizing small-flake graphene oxide membranes for ultrafast size-dependent organic solvent nanofiltration[J]. Science Advances, 2020, 6(17): eaaz9184.
30	NIELSEN L E. Models for the permeability of filled polymer systems[J]. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A, 1967, 1(5): 929-942.
31	RAN Jin, ZHANG Pengpeng, CHU Chengquan, et al. Ultrathin lamellar MoS₂ membranes for organic solvent nanofiltration[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2020, 602: 117963.
32	IBRAHIM A, LIN Y S. Gas permeation and separation properties of large-sheet stacked graphene oxide membranes[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2018, 550: 238-245.
33	O’HERN S C, STEWART C A, BOUTILIER M S H, et al. Selective molecular transport through intrinsic defects in a single layer of CVD graphene[J]. ACS Nano, 2012, 6(11): 10130-10138.
34	CELEBI K, BUCHHEIM J, WYSS R M, et al. Ultimate permeation across atomically thin porous graphene[J]. Science, 2014, 344(6181): 289-292.
35	SURWADE S P, SMIRNOV S N, VLASSIOUK I V, et al. Water desalination using nanoporous single-layer graphene[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 2015, 10(5): 459-464.
36	LI Yang, ZHAO Wang, WEYLAND M, et al. Thermally reduced nanoporous graphene oxide membrane for desalination[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2019, 53(14): 8314-8323.
37	FISCHBEIN M D, DRNDI? M. Electron beam nanosculpting of suspended graphene sheets[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2008, 93(11): 113107.
38	KOENIG S P, WANG Luda, PELLEGRINO J, et al. Selective molecular sieving through porous graphene[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 2012, 7(11): 728-732.
39	O’HERN S C, BOUTILIER M S H, J-C IDROBO, et al. Selective ionic transport through tunable subnanometer pores in single-layer graphene membranes[J]. Nano Letters, 2014, 14(3): 1234-1241.
40	LIU Gongping, JIN Wanqin, XU Nanping. Two-dimensional-material membranes: a new family of high-performance separation membranes[J]. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition, 2016, 55(43): 13384-13397.
41	WANG Wentai, EFTEKHARI E, ZHU Guangshan, et al. Graphene oxide membranes with tunable permeability due to embedded carbon dots[J]. Chemical Communications, 2014, 50(86): 13089-13092.
42	HAN Yi, JIANG Yanqiu, GAO Chao. High-flux graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane intercalated by carbon nanotubes[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2015, 7(15): 8147-8155.
43	RAN Jin, PAN Ting, WU Yuying, et al. Endowing g-C₃N₄ membranes with superior permeability and stability by using acid spacers[J]. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition, 2019, 58(46): 16463-16468.
44	WANG Yanjie, LIU Lingfei, XUE Jian, et al. Enhanced water flux through graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets membrane by incorporating polyacrylic acid[J]. AIChE Journal, 2018, 64(6): 2181-2188.
45	AI Xinyu, ZHANG Pengpeng, DOU Yan, et al. Graphene oxide membranes with hierarchical structures used for molecule sieving[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2020, 230: 115879.
46	AMADEI C A, MONTESSORI A, KADOW J P, et al. Role of oxygen functionalities in graphene oxide architectural laminate subnanometer spacing and water transport[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 51(8): 4280-4288.
47	SUN Pengzhan, ZHENG Feng, ZHU Miao, et al. Selective trans-membrane transport of alkali and alkaline earth cations through graphene oxide membranes based on cation-π interactions[J]. ACS Nano, 2014, 8(1): 850-859.
48	PENG Jing, WU Jiajing, LI Xiaoting, et al. Very large-sized transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers from fast exfoliation by manual shaking[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2017, 139(26): 9019-9025.
49	LI Zhongkun, WEI Yanying, GAO Xue, et al. Antibiotics separation with MXene membranes based on regularly stacked high-aspect-ratio nanosheets[J]. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition, 2020, 59(24): 9751-9756.
50	SUN Pengzhan, LIU He, WANG Kunlin, et al. Ultrafast liquid water transport through graphene-based nanochannels measured by isotope labelling[J]. Chemical Communications, 2015, 51(15): 3251-3254.
51	KANG Yuan, XIA Yun, WANG Huanting, et al. 2D laminar membranes for selective water and ion transport[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2019, 29(29): 1902014.
52	SUN Luwei, HUANG Hubiao, PENG Xinsheng. Laminar MoS₂ membranes for molecule separation[J]. Chemical Communications, 2013, 49(91): 10718-10720.
53	HUANG Kang, LIU Gongping, SHEN Jie, et al. High-efficiency water-transport channels using the synergistic effect of a hydrophilic polymer and graphene oxide laminates[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2015, 25(36): 5809-5815.
54	WANG Shaofei, YANG Leixin, HE Guangwei, et al. Two-dimensional nanochannel membranes for molecular and ionic separations[J]. Chemical Society Reviews, 2020, 49(4): 1071-1089.
55	CHONG Jeng Yi, WANG Bo, MATTEVI C, et al. Dynamic microstructure of graphene oxide membranes and the permeation flux[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2018, 549: 385-392.
56	AKBARI A, SHEATH P, MARTIN S T, et al. Large-area graphene-based nanofiltration membranes by shear alignment of discotic nematic liquid crystals of graphene oxide[J]. Nature Communications, 2016, 7(1): 10891.
57	SHEN Jie, LIU Gongping, HUANG Kang, et al. Subnanometer two-dimensional graphene oxide channels for ultrafast gas sieving[J]. ACS Nano, 2016, 10(3): 3398-3409.
58	XI Yueheng, LIU Zhuang, JI Junyi, et al. Graphene-based membranes with uniform 2D nanochannels for precise sieving of mono-/multi-valent metal ions[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2018, 550: 208-218.
59	CHEN Liang, SHI Guosheng, SHEN Jie, et al. Ion sieving in graphene oxide membranes via cationic control of interlayer spacing[J]. Nature, 2017, 550: 380.
60	ABRAHAM J, VASU K S, WILLIAMS C D, et al. Tunable sieving of ions using graphene oxide membranes[J]. Nature Nanotechnology, 2017, 12(6): 546-550.
61	WANG Shaofei, WU Yingzhen, ZHANG Ning, et al. A highly permeable graphene oxide membrane with fast and selective transport nanochannels for efficient carbon capture[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9(10): 3107-3112.
62	WANG Yang, WU Niannian, WANG Yan, et al. Graphite phase carbon nitride based membrane for selective permeation[J]. Nature Communications, 2019, 10(1): 2500.
63	RAN Jin, CHU Chengquan, PAN Ting, et al. Non-covalent cross-linking to boost the stability and permeability of graphene-oxide-based membranes[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2019, 7(14): 8085-8091.
64	YANG Hao, YANG Leixin, WANG Hongjian, et al. Covalent organic framework membranes through a mixed-dimensional assembly for molecular separations[J]. Nature Communications, 2019, 10(1): 2101.
65	SUN Pengzhan, ZHU Miao, WANG Kunlin, et al. Selective ion penetration of graphene oxide membranes[J]. ACS Nano, 2013, 7(1): 428-437.
66	DENG Mengmeng, KWAC Kijeong, LI Meng, et al. Stability, molecular sieving, and ion diffusion selectivity of a lamellar membrane from two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide[J]. Nano Letters, 2017, 17(4): 2342-2348.
67	YU Wenzheng, YU Tong, GRAHAM N. Development of a stable cation modified graphene oxide membrane for water treatment[J]. 2D Materials, 2017, 4(4): 045006.
68	XU Xiangfan, PEREIRA L F C, WANG Yu, et al. Length-dependent thermal conductivity in suspended single-layer graphene[J]. Nature Communications, 2014, 5(1): 3689.
69	ZHANG Mengchen, GUAN Kecheng, JI Yufan, et al. Controllable ion transport by surface-charged graphene oxide membrane[J]. Nature Communications, 2019, 10(1): 1253.
70	HU Chengzhi, LIU Zhongtao, LU Xinglin, et al. Enhancement of the donnan effect through capacitive ion increase using an electroconductive rGO-CNT nanofiltration membrane[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018, 6(11): 4737-4745.
71	WALKER M I, UBYCH K, SARASWAT V, et al. Extrinsic cation selectivity of 2D membranes[J]. ACS Nano, 2017, 11(2): 1340-1346.
72	KIM Sunho, NHAM Jeasun, JEONG Yo Sub, et al. Biomimetic selective ion transport through graphene oxide membranes functionalized with ion recognizing peptides[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 2015, 27(4): 1255-1261.
73	DING Li, XIAO Dan, LU Zong, et al. Oppositely charged Ti₃C₂T_x MXene membranes with 2D nanofluidic channels for osmotic energy harvesting[J]. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition， 2020, 59(22): 8720-8726.
74	ZHENG Sunxiang, TU Qingsong, URBAN J J, et al. Swelling of graphene oxide membranes in aqueous solution: characterization of interlayer spacing and insight into water transport mechanisms[J]. ACS Nano, 2017, 11(6): 6440-6450.
75	Che Ning YEH, RAIDONGIA K, SHAO Jiaojing, et al. On the origin of the stability of graphene oxide membranes in water[J]. Nature Chemistry, 2015, 7(2): 166-170.
76	XI Yueheng, HU Jiaqi, LIU Zhuang, et al. Graphene oxide membranes with strong stability in aqueous solutions and controllable lamellar spacing[J]. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2016, 8(24): 15557-15566.
77	SINGH V, JOUNG Daeha, ZHAI Lei, et al. Graphene based materials: past, present and future[J]. Progress in Materials Science, 2011, 56(8): 1178-1271.
78	刘露月, 吕荥宾, 刘壮, 等. 层层堆叠石墨烯膜的稳定性强化及层间距调控研究进展[J]. 膜科学与技术, 2020, 40(1): 228-239.
78	LIU Luyue, Xingbin Lü, LIU Zhuang, et al. Research progress on the stability improvement and interlayer-spacing regulation of graphene-based membranes with laminar structures[J]. Membrane Science and Technology, 2020, 40(1): 228-239.
79	HUANG Liang, LI Yingru, ZHOU Qinqin, et al. Graphene oxide membranes with tunable semipermeability in organic solvents[J]. Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(25): 3797-3802.
80	SU Yang, KRAVETS V G, WONG S L, et al. Impermeable barrier films and protective coatings based on reduced graphene oxide[J]. Nature Communications, 2014, 5(1): 4843.
81	JI Jinzhao, KANG Qian, ZHOU Yi, et al. Osmotic power generation with positively and negatively charged 2D nanofluidic membrane pairs[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2017, 27(2): 1603623.
82	CHENG Peng, CHEN Yan, GU Yihang, et al. Hybrid 2D WS₂/GO nanofiltration membranes for finely molecular sieving[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2019, 591: 117308.
83	ZHU Junyong, HOU Jingwei, ULIANA A, et al. The rapid emergence of two-dimensional nanomaterials for high-performance separation membranes[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2018, 6(9): 3773-3792.
84	DING Li, LI Libo, LIU Yanchang, et al. Effective ion sieving with Ti₃C₂T_x MXene membranes for production of drinking water from seawater[J]. Nature Sustainability, 2020, 3(4): 296-302.
85	LU Zong, WEI Yanying, DENG Junjie, et al. Self-crosslinked MXene (Ti₃C₂T_x) membranes with good antiswelling property for monovalent metal ion exclusion[J]. ACS Nano, 2019, 13(9): 10535-10544.
86	ZHANG Hao, TAYMAZOV D, LI Mengping, et al. Construction of MoS₂ composite membranes on ceramic hollow fibers for efficient water desalination[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 2019, 592: 117369.
87	THEBO K H, QIAN Xitang, ZHANG Xitang, et al. Highly stable graphene-oxide-based membranes with superior permeability[J]. Nature Communications, 2018, 9(1): 1486.
88	ZHANG Mengchen, MAO Yangyang, LIU Guozhen, et al. Molecular bridges stabilize graphene oxide membranes in water[J]. Angewandte Chemie: International Edition, 2020, 59(4): 1689-1695.
89	SHUCK C E, SARYCHEVA A, ANAYEE M, et al. Scalable synthesis of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene[J]. Advanced Engineering Materials, 2020, 22(3): 1901241.

[1]	常晓青, 彭东来, 李东洋, 张延武, 王景, 张亚涛. MOFs基丙烯/丙烷高效分离混合基质膜研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 1961-1973.
[2]	孙孟威, 刘壮, 谢锐, 巨晓洁, 汪伟, 褚良银. 镧离子插层MoS₂膜的制备及印染高盐水处理[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 346-353.
[3]	朱晓, 朱军勇, 张亚涛. 金属有机骨架/聚酰胺薄层纳米复合膜的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(8): 4314-4326.
[4]	王志, 原野, 生梦龙, 李庆华. 膜法碳捕集技术——研究现状及展望[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(3): 1097-1101.
[5]	高逸飞, 易群, 齐凯, 高丽丽, 李雪莲. MOFs基膜材料的研究现状及其在H₂/CH₄分离中的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(12): 6395-6407.
[6]	张逸, 刘东昊, 丁一刚. 膜技术分离稀土金属元素的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(10): 5567-5577.
[7]	李志录, 王敏, 赵有璟, 彭正军, 白露. 膜特征对锂资源提取过程的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(9): 5061-5072.
[8]	林少华, 武海霞, 高莉苹, 俞乙平. 改性碳纳米管及其复合材料在废水处理中的应用现状及展望[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(6): 3466-3479.
[9]	蔡的, 李树峰, 司志豪, 秦培勇, 谭天伟. 生物丁醇分离技术的研究进展及发展趋势[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(3): 1161-1177.
[10]	李春利, 程永辉, 李浩. 精馏-吸附-膜分离耦合工艺制备高纯度酒精流程模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(3): 1354-1361.
[11]	郭超然, 黄勇, 朱文娟, 陈丽媛, 王灵芝, 张悦, 徐楚天, 李大鹏. 城市污水有机物回收——捕获技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(3): 1619-1633.
[12]	邓燕芳, 刘桉如, 罗明辉, 范杰平. 分子印迹膜分离技术进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(6): 2166-2176.
[13]	赵海洋,倪士英,张林. 纳米材料在放射性废水处理中的应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(3): 1057-1069.
[14]	王成鸿,孟凡宁,魏昕,曹田田,栾金义. 金属-有机框架材料在石化环保领域的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(2): 429-438.
[15]	杨林军, 张琳, 孙莹. 燃煤净烟气中共存杂质对膜法捕集CO₂影响现状[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(04): 1996-2002.