选择性吸附提锂材料的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0084

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂及其化合物既是一种绿色能源材料也是重要的战略物资。其在相关产业领域具有重要应用且需求量一直保持较高速度增长。海水、盐湖卤水中蕴藏着储量巨大的锂矿资源，为了满足强劲的市场需求，从海水、盐湖卤水中分离提取锂资源具有重要的经济价值与战略意义。由于卤水中锂离子浓度低、成分复杂、盐湖卤水还具有高镁锂比特点，选择性分离提取锂资源显得至关重要。本文以锰系离子筛、钛系离子筛、有机冠醚及其衍生物等选择性吸附单元为出发点，分别分析了各自的结构特点及吸附提锂机制，对基于锰系、钛系和有机冠醚及其衍生物的复合提锂吸附材料的制备方法等方面进行了综述。对基于以上选择性吸附单元的复合吸附材料制备研究现状进行了总结，指出了仍然存在的问题，对今后选择性吸附材料的制备及应用进行了展望。

关键词: 锂, 选择性吸附, 锂离子筛氧化物, 冠醚单体及衍生物, 复合吸附材料

Abstract:

Lithium and its compounds are not only a kind of green energy materials but also important strategic materials. It has important applications in related industries and the demand for it is drastically growing. There are huge reserves of lithium resources in seawater and salt lake brine. In order to meet the strong market demand, it is of great economic value and strategic significance to separate and extract lithium resources from them. Due to low lithium ion concentration, complex composition and high ratio of magnesium-lithium in salt-lake brine, selectivity adsorption is very important for the lithium extraction. In this paper, the structure characteristics and Li⁺-adsorption mechanism based on manganese ionic sieve, titanium ionic sieve, and organic crown ether with its derivatives were analyzed, respectively. The situation of composite adsorption materials preparation was summarized. It also reviewed the properties of composite adsorption materials based on above selective adsorption units and pointed out the existing problems. Finally, it prospected the preparation and application of selective adsorption materials with high selectivity and high adsorption capacity in the future.

Key words: lithium, selective adsorption, lithium ion sieve oxide, crown ether monomers, composite adsorption materials

中图分类号:

TD98

卞维柏, 潘建明. 选择性吸附提锂材料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(6): 2206-2217.

Weibai BIAN, Jianming PAN. Research progress in selective adsorption materialsfor lithium extraction[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(6): 2206-2217.

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