蒸发母液中锂的提取

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0381

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (S1): 637-642.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0381

蒸发母液中锂的提取

李超(), 苗家兵, 王丽萍(), 崔永杰, 李依帆

神华准能资源综合开发有限公司研发中心，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 010300

收稿日期:2022-03-13 修回日期:2022-04-26 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2022-11-10
通讯作者: 王丽萍
作者简介:李超（1983—），男，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为粉煤灰中有价元素提取及高附加值开发利用。E-mail: lichao_1122@163.com。
基金资助:
国家科技部十二五科技计划支撑项目(2011BAA04B05)

Extraction of lithium from evaporation mother liquor

LI Chao(), MIAO Jiabing, WANG Liping(), CUI Yongjie, LI Yifan

Shenhua Zhunneng Resources Comprehensive Development Company Limited, Erdos 010300, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2022-03-13 Revised:2022-04-26 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-11-10
Contact: WANG Liping

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在神华集团“一步酸溶法”粉煤灰生产氧化铝工艺的蒸发结晶工序中，锂及其他金属元素（K、Na、Mg、Ca等）长期富集，分离结晶氯化铝的母液中锂含量高达429mg/L。为了提取蒸发母液中的锂元素，研究人员采用喷雾焙烧技术和纯水浸出技术，成功实现了高酸度和饱和氯化铝溶液中铝、锂元素的有效分离。结果表明：在最佳的实验条件下，即热风温度为390℃、料浆浓度为200g/L、料浆流速为60g/L时，室温下料浆中锂离子提取率高达93.67%（质量分数）。XRD表征手段证实：当焙烧产物为无定形氧化铝，并含有钠明矾石物相时，焙烧产物中锂离子提取率较高，可能归因于钠明矾石中钠离子数量较多及钠离子的尺寸效应引起的。该方法有效解决了蒸发母液中的锂元素高效回收问题。

关键词: 蒸发母液, 氯化铝, 锂, 喷雾焙烧

Abstract:

In the process of producing alumina from fly ash by Shenhua Group self-developed "one step acid solution", lithium and other metal elements (K, Na, Mg, Ca) are enriched for a long time in the evaporative crystallization process, and the lithium content reached 429mg/L in the mother liquor after separated aluminum chloride crystalline. In order to extract lithium from evaporating mother liquor, the spray roasting technology and pure water leaching technology were selected to separate aluminum and lithium elements in high acidity and saturated aluminum chloride solution. The experimental results showed that the extraction rate of lithium reached 93.67% when the calcined temperature was 390℃, the concentration was 200g/L and the flow rate was 60g/L. Meanwhile, the results of XRD analysis confirmed that the major phase of alumina was amorphous and the existed sodium alunite phase was advantage to the extraction of lithium. This fact was attributed to the amount of sodium ions in sodium alunite as well as the effect of sodium ions size. This technology effectively solved the current situation of difficult extraction of lithium from evaporation mother liquor, which was of great significance.

Key words: evaporation mother liquor, aluminum chloride, lithium, spray roasting

中图分类号:

TF826.3

李超, 苗家兵, 王丽萍, 崔永杰, 李依帆. 蒸发母液中锂的提取[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(S1): 637-642.

LI Chao, MIAO Jiabing, WANG Liping, CUI Yongjie, LI Yifan. Extraction of lithium from evaporation mother liquor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(S1): 637-642.

图/表 10

表1 原料成分表

成分	含量/g·L^-1
AlCl₃	416.50
Fe₂O₃	0.042
Li⁺	0.429
CaO	1.21
MgO	3.76
SiO₂	0.818
$S O 4 2 -$	2.590
TiO₂	0.017
FeO	0.05

表1 原料成分表

成分	含量/g·L^-1
AlCl₃	416.50
Fe₂O₃	0.042
Li⁺	0.429
CaO	1.21
MgO	3.76
SiO₂	0.818
$S O 4 2 -$	2.590
TiO₂	0.017
FeO	0.05

图1 喷雾煅烧炉温度场模拟分布图

图2 焙烧温度对氯化锂浸出率的影响

图3 料浆浓度对锂离子浸出率的影响

图4 料浆温度对焙烧产品中锂提取率和残氯含量的影响

图5 料浆流速对焙烧产品中锂提取率的影响

表2 焙烧产物元素成分

成分	质量分数/%
Li	0.088
Na	0.350
K	0.366
Ca	0.056
Mg	0.395
Fe	0.021
Ti	0.0037
Si	0.066
P	0.116
$S O 4 2 -$	1.698
Al	29.486

表2 焙烧产物元素成分

成分	质量分数/%
Li	0.088
Na	0.350
K	0.366
Ca	0.056
Mg	0.395
Fe	0.021
Ti	0.0037
Si	0.066
P	0.116
$S O 4 2 -$	1.698
Al	29.486

图6 焙烧产品的XRD衍射图

图7 焙烧产品的SEM谱图和焙烧产物实物照片

图8 焙烧产品的激光粒度分布图

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蒸发母液中锂的提取

Extraction of lithium from evaporation mother liquor

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