添加纵向内构件的摇摆流化床气固流动规律

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0831

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对摇摆流化床内气固分布不均所致流化质量降低问题，本文设计了一种新型纵向内构件，对添加纵向内构件的摇摆流化床（LIMRFB）内气固流动规律及内构件作用效果等进行了实验研究，并与未添加纵向内构件的摇摆流化床（RFB）进行了对比。结果表明：与RFB相比，纵向内构件能够在一定程度上抑制气泡向边壁区域的聚集行为，进而达到提高床层流化质量的目的。在LIMRFB内，气含量增加，壁面区域气泡尺寸减小、上升速度降低、分布更加均匀，沿摇摆方向两侧料位高度差降低；在内构件安装高度所对应的区域（Z₁~Z₃截面间），压降( $Δ P Z 1 - Z 3$ ) 随摇摆幅值的增加而降低，随表观气速的增加而增加，摇摆周期影响不大；除颗粒静压外，流体与内构件壁面摩擦、帽孔对气泡剪切破碎作用能耗是LIMRFB压降的另一来源，附壁大气泡及其上部颗粒与床体壁面之间的摩擦能耗是RFB压降的另一主要来源。

关键词: 气固流化床, 纵向内构件, 摇摆工况, 气固流动, 过程强化

Abstract:

Aiming at the reduction of fluidization quality due to the uneven distribution of gas and solid in the rolling fluidized bed, a new type of longitudinal internal member was designed, and the gas-solid flow law and the effect of the internal member in the swing fluidized bed with the addition of the longitudinal internal member (LIMRFB) were experimentally investigated and compared with that of the rolling fluidized bed without the addition of the longitudinal internal member (RFB). The results showed that the longitudinal internal member could inhibit the aggregation behavior of bubbles towards the side wall region to a certain extent compared with RFB, and thus achieved the purpose of improving the fluidization quality of the bed. In LIMRFB, when the gas content increased, the bubble size in the wall region decreased, and the rise velocity decreased. The distribution became more uniform, and the height difference between the two sides of the material level along the rolling direction decreased. In the region corresponding to the mounting height of the internal member (between Z₁ and Z₃ sections), the pressure drop ( $Δ P Z 1 - Z 3$ ) decreased with the increase of swing amplitude, increased with the increase of apparent gas velocity, and the swing period had little effect. Except for the particle static pressure, the pressure drop between the fluid and the internal member was lower than that of the internal member (Z₁-Z₃). In addition to the static pressure of the particles, the friction between the fluid and the wall of the internal member, and the energy consumption of the cap holes on the bubble shearing and crushing action were other sources of the pressure drop of LIMRFB, and the friction energy consumption between the attached large bubbles and their upper particles and the bed wall was another major source of the pressure drop of RFB.

Key words: gas-solid fluidized bed, longitudinal internal member, rocking condition, gas-solid flow, process intensification

中图分类号:

TQ021.1

徐荣升, 王德武, 王若瑾, 刘燕, 吴邦华, 张少峰. 添加纵向内构件的摇摆流化床气固流动规律[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(7): 3781-3793.

XU Rongsheng, WANG Dewu, WANG Ruojin, LIU Yan, WU Banghua, ZHANG Shaofeng. Gas-solid flow patterns in a rolling fluidized bed with the addition of longitudinal internal member[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(7): 3781-3793.

图/表 15

图1 气固摇摆流化床实验装置及流程1—罗茨鼓风机；2—缓冲罐；3—截止阀；4—转子流量计；5—摄录设备；6—分布板；7—纵向内构件；8—床层段；9—扩径段；10—六自由度摇摆平台；11—气室

图2 应用于摇摆条件下的纵向内构件结构

表1 玻璃珠颗粒粒度组成

粒度范围/mm	体积分数/%
合计	100
<0.400	5.11
0.400~0.700	74.08
0.700~1.000	20.43
>1.000	0.38

表2 压力信号测点布置坐标 (m)

轴向截面位置	测点
轴向截面位置	P₁ (x, y, z)	P₂ (x, y, z)	P₃ (x, y, z)	P₄ (x, y, z)
Z₁	(0.15, 0, 0.10)	(0, -0.15, 0.10)	(-0.15, 0, 0.10)	(0, 0.15, 0.10)
Z₂	(0.15, 0, 0.30)	(0, -0.15, 0.30)	(-0.15, 0, 0.30)	(0, 0.15, 0.30)
Z₃	(0.15, 0, 0.50)	(0, -0.15, 0.50)	(-0.15, 0, 0.50)	(0, 0.15, 0.50)

图3 图像处理

图4 床体左倾时床体上、下壁示意图

图5 LIMRFB壁面区域气泡现象及与RFB的比较（Ug=0.30m/s，Θ=10°，T=8s）

图6 LIMRFB和RFB壁面气泡平均上升速度随表观气速和摇摆参数的变化规律

图7 LIMRFB和RFB壁面气泡平均当量直径随表观气速和摇摆参数的变化规律

图8 LIMRFB和RFB沿摇摆方向两侧壁面料位高度

图9 RFB和LIMRFB床层界面两侧料位差

图10 LIMRFB和RFB床层内构件区域压降随摇摆周期的变化规律

图11 LIMRFB和RFB床层内构件区域压降随摇摆幅值的变化规律

图12 LIMRFB和RFB床层内构件区域压降随表观气速的变化规律

图13 LIMRFB和RFB的床层局部压降变化规律

参考文献 31

[1]	CHAKRABARTI SUBRATA K. Handbook of offshore engineering[M]. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2005.
[2]	DASHLIBORUN Amir Motamed, ZHANG Jian, TAGHAVI Seyed Mohammad, et al. 110th Anniversary: Marinization of multiphase reactors through the prism of chemical engineers[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2019, 58(8): 2607-2630.
[3]	YASUI Takeshi, NAKAYAMA Tsukasa, YOSHIDA Kunio. Heat-transfer characteristics in a rocking fluidized bed[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 1984, 11(5): 477-488.
[4]	LI Yanjiao, HONG Kun, ZHOU Chenyang, et al. Vibration energy transfer in a forced oscillation fluidized bed[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 478: 147532.
[5]	MURATA Hiroyuki, Hideyuki OKA, ADACHI Masaki, et al. Effects of the ship motion on gas-solid flow and heat transfer in a circulating fluidized bed[J]. Powder Technology, 2012, 231: 7-17.
[6]	ZHAO Tong, LIU Kai, MURATA Hiroyuki, et al. Investigation of bed-to-wall heat transfer characteristics in a rolling circulating fluidized bed[J]. Powder Technology, 2015, 269: 46-54.
[7]	ZHAO Tong, NAKAMURA Yuki, LIU Kai, et al. The effect of rolling amplitude and period on particle distribution behavior in a rolling circulating fluidized bed[J]. Powder Technology, 2016, 294: 484-492.
[8]	PHAM Dung Anh, Young-Il LIM, Hyunwoo JEE, et al. Effect of ship tilting and motion on amine absorber with structured-packing for CO₂ removal from natural gas[J]. AIChE Journal, 2015, 61(12): 4412-4425.
[9]	WANG Zhilong, ZHAO Tong, YAO Jiafeng, et al. Influence of particle size on the exit effect of a full-scale rolling circulating fluidized bed[J]. Particulate Science and Technology, 2018, 36(5): 541-551.
[10]	田朋, 王德武, 王若瑾, 等. 摇摆流化床的气固流动特性[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(10): 5102-5113.
	TIAN Peng, WANG Dewu, WANG Ruojin, et al. Gas-solid flow characteristics in the rolling fluidized-bed[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(10): 5102-5113.
[11]	郝晓磊, 唐猛, 王若瑾, 等. 气固摆动流化床的气泡运动特性[J]. 过程工程学报, 2023, 23(4): 512-522.
	HAO Xiaolei, TANG Meng, WANG Ruojin, et al. Bubble motion characteristics of gas-solid rolling fluidized bed[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2023, 23(4): 512-522.
[12]	曲悦, 潘腾, 杨越林, 等. 三维单旋导向挡板鼓泡流化床内气固流动的CPFD模拟[J]. 高校化学工程学报, 2021, 35(4): 657-664.
	QU Yue, PAN Teng, YANG Yuelin, et al. CPFD simulation of gas-solid flow in a three-dimensional bubbling fluidized bed with louver baffles[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities, 2021, 35(4): 657-664.
[13]	刘对平. 气固流化床挡板内构件受力特性的实验研究[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京), 2019.
	LIU Duiping. Experimental study on forces acting on baffles immersed in gas-solid fluidized beds [D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum (Beijing), 2019.
[14]	郭慕孙, 李洪钟. 流态化手册[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2008.
	GUO Musun, LI Hongzhong. Handbook of fluidization[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2008.
[15]	陈大保, 赵连仲, 杨贵林. 大型挡板流化床床层膨胀的研究[J]. 化工学报, 1983, 34(2): 195-200.
	CHEN Dabao, ZHAO Lianzhong, YANG Guilin. Expansion of large scale fluidized beds with internals[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China), 1983, 34(2): 195-200.
[16]	ZHAO Shanzhong, XU Xuan, CHEN Zengqiang, et al. Effect of louver baffle on the stability and separation performance of the gas-solid separation fluidized bed[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2023, 192: 582-592.
[17]	PHUAKPUNK Kiattikhoon, CHALERMSINSUWAN Benjapon, ASSABUMRUNGRAT Suttichai. Effect of louver baffles installation on hydrodynamics of bubbling fluidization in biomass gasifier[J]. Scientific Reports, 2022, 12(1): 14891.
[18]	YANG Zhijun, ZHANG Yongmin, ZHANG Hongna. CPFD simulation on effects of louver baffles in a two-dimensional fluidized bed of Geldart A particles[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2019, 30(11): 2712-2725.
[19]	满金声. 流化床内的横向新构件[J]. 化工设计, 1994, 4(1): 7-9, 56.
	MAN Jinsheng. New transverse components in fluidized bed[J]. Chemical Engineering Design, 1994, 4(1): 7-9, 56.
[20]	张永民, 卢春喜. 气固流化床复合内构件: CN101912753B[P]. 2012-01-11.
	ZHANG Yongmin, LU Chunxi. Gas-solid fluidized bed composite inner member: CN101912753B[P]. 2012-01-11.
[21]	张永民, 高文刚, 杨智君. Crosser格栅在密相流化床反应器中的工业应用[J]. 石油炼制与化工, 2020, 51(5): 21-25.
	ZHANG Yongmin, GAO Wengang, YANG Zhijun. A review on industrial applications of crosser grids in dense fluidized bed reactors[J]. Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals, 2020, 51(5): 21-25.
[22]	罗正鸿, 朱礼涛, 魏慧龙, 等. 分支型内构件及流化床反应器: CN113198396B[P]. 2022-04-22.
	LUO Zhenghong, ZHU Litao, WEI Huilong, et al. Branch-type inner member and fluidized bed reactor: CN113198396B[P]. 2022-04-22.
[23]	WANG Tingting, DING Guoliang, REN Tao, et al. A mathematical model of floating LNG spiral-wound heat exchangers under rolling conditions[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 99: 959-969.
[24]	ZHAO Tong, LIU Kai, MURATA Hiroyuki, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of particle distribution behaviors in a rolling circulating fluidized bed[J]. Powder Technology, 2014, 258: 38-48.
[25]	王德武, 徐荣升, 吴邦华, 等. 用于船舶及海洋浮动平台的气固流化床内构件及流化床: CN115624920A[P]. 2023-01-20.
	WANG Dewu, XU Rongsheng, WU Banghua, et al. Gas-solid fluidized bed inner member and fluidized bed for ships and offshore floating platforms: CN115624920A[P]. 2023-01-20.
[26]	邱沫凡, 蒋琳, 刘荣正, 等. 气固流化床化学反应数值模拟中颗粒尺度模型研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(10): 5047-5058.
	QIU Mofan, JIANG Lin, LIU Rongzheng, et al. Research progress of particle-scale model in chemical reaction numerical simulation of gas-solid fluidized bed[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(10): 5047-5058.
[27]	MOTAMED DASHLIBORUN Amir, LARACHI Faïçal. Hydrodynamics of gas-liquid cocurrent downflow in floating packed beds[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2015, 137: 665-676.
[28]	SARBANHA Ali Akbar, LARACHI Faïçal, TAGHAVI Seyed Mohammad. Bubble and particle dynamics in a thin rectangular bubbling fluidized bed under emulated marine instabilities[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2023, 280: 119041.
[29]	SHEN Laihong, JOHNSSON Filip, LECKNER Bo. Digital image analysis of hydrodynamics two-dimensional bubbling fluidized beds[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2004, 59(13): 2607-2617.
[30]	YUAN Zemin, HUANG Zhong, MA Suxia, et al. Experimental investigation on the effect of superficial gas velocity on bubble dynamics properties of B particles in gas-solid fluidized bed reactor using digital image analysis technique[J]. Fuel, 2023, 348: 128617.
[31]	孙俭, 张海勇, 王成秀, 等. 基于k-means机器学习方法的气固循环流化床颗粒聚团特性[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(2): 625-634.
	SUN Jan, ZHANG Haiyong, WANG Chengxiu, et al. Cluster characteristics in gas-solids circulating fluidized bed based on k-means algorithm-assisted imaging method[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(2): 625-634.