陈腐垃圾掺烧对垃圾炉焚烧特性的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1130

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究陈腐垃圾掺烧对焚烧炉焚烧特性的影响，以四川省资阳市某垃圾焚烧厂375t/d机械炉排焚烧炉为研究对象，在生活垃圾热值为7315kJ/kg的基础上，利用FLUENT与FLIC软件模拟分析了不同陈腐垃圾的掺混比和热值条件下垃圾焚烧炉的焚烧特性并进行了现场测试。结果表明：当陈腐垃圾掺混比在0~30%范围内变化时，随着陈腐垃圾掺混比的增加，焚烧炉出口O₂质量分数增加，不同高度截面的烟气温度降低，垃圾床层表面水分蒸发、挥发分热解和固定碳燃烧速率分别下降了19kg/(m²·h)、29kg/(m²·h)和25kg/(m²·h)，垃圾焚烧结束位置滞后了0.69m。当陈腐垃圾热值在2110~5156kJ/kg范围内变化时，随着陈腐垃圾热值的增加，焚烧炉出口O₂质量分数减少，不同高度截面的烟气温度升高，床层表面水分蒸发、挥发分热解和固定碳燃烧速率分别提高了14kg/(m²·h)、14kg/(m²·h)和11kg/(m²·h)，垃圾焚烧结束位置提前了0.85m。在满足焚烧温度大于1123K及焚烧炉热值设计的前提下，掺混垃圾的热值应控制在6849~8374kJ/kg范围内。模拟结果可为实际工程中掺烧陈腐垃圾提供解决方案。

关键词: 混燃, 陈腐垃圾, 计算流体力学, 两相流, 反应动力学

Abstract:

In order to study the influence of mixed burning of aged refuse on incineration characteristics of waste furnace, a mechanical grate incinerator of a waste incineration plant in Ziyang city, Sichuan province was taken as the research object. Its disposal capacity was 375t/d, and the calorific value of waste was 7315kJ/kg. FLUENT and FLIC software were used to simulate and analyze the incineration characteristics of the waste incinerator under different mixing ratios and heating value conditions of aged refuse. Field tests were also carried out. The results showed that as the mixture ratio of aged refuse increased from 0 to 30%, the mass fraction of O₂ at the outlet of the incinerator increased, while the flue gas temperature at different height sections decreased. Additionally, the moisture evaporation, volatile pyrolysis and fixed carbon combustion rates on the surface of the waste bed were decreased by 19kg/(m²·h), 29kg/(m²·h) and 25kg/(m²·h), respectively. The waste incineration end position lagged by 0.69m. When the heating value of aged refuse raised in the range of 2110—5156kJ/kg, the mass fraction of O₂ at the outlet of the incinerator decreased, and the flue gas temperature at different height sections increased. The moisture evaporation, volatile pyrolysis and fixed carbon combustion rates on the surface of the waste bed were improved by 14kg/(m²·h), 14kg/(m²·h) and 11kg/(m²·h), and waste incineration end position advanced by 0.85m. Therefore, it is recommended to control the calorific value of the blended waste within the range of 6849—8374kJ/kg, under the premise that the incineration temperature was greater than 1123K and the calorific value design of the incinerator was satisfied. These simulation results provided a practical engineering solution for mixed burning of aged refuse.

Key words: co-combustion, aged refuse, computational fluid dynamics, two-phase flow, reaction kinetics

中图分类号:

曾武清, 王予, 卜庆国, 马硕, 白东明, 张宗建, 张鹏, 马丹丹, 王圣博, 王润其, 武丽雯, 刘晨, 马洪亭. 陈腐垃圾掺烧对垃圾炉焚烧特性的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(8): 4642-4653.

ZENG Wuqing, WANG Yu, BU Qingguo, MA Shuo, BAI Dongming, ZHANG Zongjian, ZHANG Peng, MA Dandan, WANG Shengbo, WANG Runqi, WU Liwen, LIU Chen, MA Hongting. Influence of mixed burning of aged refuse on the incineration characteristics of waste furnace[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(8): 4642-4653.

图/表 20

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工业分析/%				元素分析/%						低位热值/kJ·kg^-1	密度/kg·m^-3
M_ar	V_ar	FC_ar	A_ar	C_ar	H_ar	O_ar	N_ar	S_ar	Cl_ar	低位热值/kJ·kg^-1	密度/kg·m^-3
45.69	25.29	9.02	20.00	19.44	2.96	10.97	0.49	0.02	0.43	7315	331

工业分析/%				元素分析/%						低位热值/kJ·kg^-1	密度/kg·m^-3
M_ar	V_ar	FC_ar	A_ar	C_ar	H_ar	O_ar	N_ar	S_ar	Cl_ar	低位热值/kJ·kg^-1	密度/kg·m^-3
45.69	25.29	9.02	20.00	19.44	2.96	10.97	0.49	0.02	0.43	7315	331

求解流程	项目	参数
模型选择	能量方程	ON
	湍流模型	标准k-ε/标准壁面模型
	组分模型	有限速率~涡耗散模型
	辐射模型	P1模型
边界设置	燃料入口	速度入口，由FLIC软件输出风温、风速和气体组分含量并通过UDF编写
	二次风入口	速度入口，前、后拱二次风配比0.87∶1
	焚烧炉出口	压力出口，数值为-80Pa
求解方法	求解器	Simple算法

求解流程	项目	参数
模型选择	能量方程	ON
	湍流模型	标准k-ε/标准壁面模型
	组分模型	有限速率~涡耗散模型
	辐射模型	P1模型
边界设置	燃料入口	速度入口，由FLIC软件输出风温、风速和气体组分含量并通过UDF编写
	二次风入口	速度入口，前、后拱二次风配比0.87∶1
	焚烧炉出口	压力出口，数值为-80Pa
求解方法	求解器	Simple算法

陈腐垃圾	元素分析%						工业分析/%				低位热值/kJ·kg^-1	密度/kg·m^-3
陈腐垃圾	C_ar	H_ar	O_ar	N_ar	S_ar	Cl_ar	M_ar	V_ar	FC_ar	A_ar	低位热值/kJ·kg^-1	密度/kg·m^-3
a	8.93	1.22	4.44	0.34	0.12	0.45	38.69	15.01	0.49	45.81	2110	612
b	11.99	1.31	9.34	0.27	0.12	0.17	34.82	22.66	0.54	41.98	3046	540
c	13.95	1.66	1.33	0.73	0.14	0.11	38.65	17.34	0.58	43.43	4020	513
d	16.05	2.09	2.86	0.41	0.16	0.27	43.21	17.96	3.88	34.95	5156	454