磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒的生物合成及其在提高采收率中的应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1246

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纳米Fe₃O₄具有独特的性质，如超顺磁性、尺寸小和低毒性，且易在外磁场下分离，近几年来在石油开发领域受到广泛的关注。本文综述了磁性Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒（NPs）的生物合成及其在提高采收率（EOR）的应用，首先介绍了微生物、植物提取液和动物合成磁铁矿：微生物的合成主要包括两个过程，一是对金属离子的吸附，二是还原矿化作用；植物提取液的合成依赖水溶性的一些代谢物，如多酚、生物碱和柠檬酸等的作用；动物体中也发现了磁铁矿，可以感应地磁场从而判断方向。然后阐述了Fe₃O₄ NPs的EOR机理和应用：Fe₃O₄ NPs可以将油滴包裹形成稳定的乳液，降低界面张力，改变润湿性，通过增加驱替流体的黏度和降低重油的黏度来提高波及效率以及楔形结构产生分离压力。在此作用下，总结了磁性Fe₃O₄在EOR方面的应用。

关键词: 磁性Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒, 生物合成, 提高采收率, 环境友好

Abstract:

Nano Fe₃O₄ has attracted extensive attention in the field of petroleum development in recent years due to its unique properties, such as superparamagnetism, small size, low toxicity, and easy separation under external magnetic fields. This paper reviews the biosynthesis and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) application of magnetic Fe₃O₄ NPs. First, the biosynthesis of magnetite by microorganisms, plant extracts and animals is introduced. Microbial synthesis mainly includes two processes: adsorption of metal ions and reduction mineralization. The synthesis by plant extracts depends on water-soluble metabolites, such as polyphenols, alkaloid and citric acid. Magnetite is also found in animals, which use it to sense the earth’s magnetic field to determine direction. Then, the EOR mechanism and application of Fe₃O₄ NPs are described. Fe₃O₄ NPs can form stable emulsion by wrapping oil droplets, reduce interfacial tension, change wettability, improve wave efficiency by improving the viscosity of displacement fluid and reducing the viscosity of heavy oil, and generate separation pressure with wedge structure. Under this mechanism, EOR applications of magnetic Fe₃O₄ are summarized. Magnetic Fe₃O₄ NPs is environmentally friendly and has a good application effect in EOR, which has a broad development prospect.

Key words: magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, biosynthesis, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) environment friendly

中图分类号:

TE39

刘宇龙, 姚俊虎, 舒闯闯, 佘跃惠. 磁性Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒的生物合成及其在提高采收率中的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2464-2474.

LIU Yulong, YAO Junhu, SHU Chuangchuang, SHE Yuehui. Biosynthesis and EOR application of magnetic Fe₃O₄ NPs[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(5): 2464-2474.

图/表 11

参考文献 63

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细菌	铁源	尺寸/nm	形貌	参考文献
放线杆菌	K₃Fe(CN)₆/K₄Fe(CN)₆	50～150	均匀的立方颗粒	[12]
硫还原地杆菌	FeCl₃	10.6～15	球形	[14]
硝酸盐厌氧铁氧化菌BoFeN1	FeCl₂	55±15	球状	[15]
铁还原菌：Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus（TOR-39）和Shewanella loiha（PV-4）	FeCl₃	35	八面体均匀晶体	[16]
枯草芽孢杆菌	Fe₂O₃	60~80	立方尖晶石，球形	[17]
趋磁细菌：Magnetospirillum magneticum菌株AMB-1	FeCl₃和FeCl₂	30~40	形态、尺寸均匀	[18]

细菌	铁源	尺寸/nm	形貌	参考文献
放线杆菌	K₃Fe(CN)₆/K₄Fe(CN)₆	50～150	均匀的立方颗粒	[12]
硫还原地杆菌	FeCl₃	10.6～15	球形	[14]
硝酸盐厌氧铁氧化菌BoFeN1	FeCl₂	55±15	球状	[15]
铁还原菌：Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus（TOR-39）和Shewanella loiha（PV-4）	FeCl₃	35	八面体均匀晶体	[16]
枯草芽孢杆菌	Fe₂O₃	60~80	立方尖晶石，球形	[17]
趋磁细菌：Magnetospirillum magneticum菌株AMB-1	FeCl₃和FeCl₂	30~40	形态、尺寸均匀	[18]

分类	微生物	铁离子	尺寸/nm	形貌	参考文献
真菌	黄萎病菌	FeCl₃	10~40	立方形	[19]
	黑曲霉真菌	FeCl₃	8	球形	[20]
	尖孢镰刀菌	FeCl₃	26.78	形状不规则	[21]
藻类	褐藻水：Padina pavonica和Sargassum acinarium	FeCl₃	10~19.5，21.6~27.4	—	[22]
	褐藻：尾藻水	FeCl₃	18±4	立方体	[23]
	海藻Kappaphycus alvarezii	FeCl₂·4H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O	14.7	球形	[24]
	微藻（螺旋藻属）	FeCl₂·4H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O	45	球形	[25]

分类	微生物	铁离子	尺寸/nm	形貌	参考文献
真菌	黄萎病菌	FeCl₃	10~40	立方形	[19]
	黑曲霉真菌	FeCl₃	8	球形	[20]
	尖孢镰刀菌	FeCl₃	26.78	形状不规则	[21]
藻类	褐藻水：Padina pavonica和Sargassum acinarium	FeCl₃	10~19.5，21.6~27.4	—	[22]
	褐藻：尾藻水	FeCl₃	18±4	立方体	[23]
	海藻Kappaphycus alvarezii	FeCl₂·4H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O	14.7	球形	[24]
	微藻（螺旋藻属）	FeCl₂·4H₂O和FeCl₃·6H₂O	45	球形	[25]

植物	部位	铁源	粒径/nm	参考文献
大麦酸模	叶子	FeCl₃·6H₂O	30，10～40	[27,35]
安第斯黑莓	叶子	FeSO₄·7H₂O	54.5±24.6	[28]
西番莲	果实	FeCl₃·6H₂O	22.3±3	[29]
苜蓿	—	FeNH₄(SO₄)₂·12H₂O	<5	[24]
车前草皮	叶子	FeCl₃·6H₂O	50	[31]
芦荟植物提取液	叶子	Fe(C₅H₈O₂)₃	6～35	[32]
西瓜	果皮	FeCl₃·6H₂O	＜20	[33]
桉树	叶子	FeCl₃·6H₂O	80	[34]
柑橘	果皮	FeCl₃，FeCl₂·4H₂O	50～200	[36]
大豆	豆芽	Fe(NH₄)₂(SO₄)₂·6H₂O，FeCl₃·6H₂O	8	[37]

磁性Fe₃O₄纳米颗粒的生物合成及其在提高采收率中的应用

Biosynthesis and EOR application of magnetic Fe₃O₄ NPs

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类型	尺寸 /nm	浓度	驱替介质	EOR机制			RF/%	参考文献
类型	尺寸 /nm	浓度	驱替介质	黏度 /mPa·s	IFT /mN·m^-1	接触角	RF/%	参考文献
Fe₃O₄@十二烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）	—	—	碳酸钙颗粒	—	30→1	90°→<30°	35	[43,57]
Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@黄原胶	—	1500mg/L	碳酸岩	0.89→1.93	28.3→8.6	134°→34°	—	[58]
Fe₃O₄@柠檬酸盐聚合物	47	400mg/L	砂岩	0.99→1.08	11.23→7.92	160°→114°	26	[59]
Fe₃O₄@柠檬酸	20～26	0.8%～2%（质量分数）	微模型	—	37.47→16.71	106°→41°	22	[60]
Fe₃O₄@C	60	100mg/L	砂岩	—	24.3→1×10^-4	54°→10°	30	[61]
Fe₃O₄@SiO₂	30	0.05%（质量分数）	碳酸岩砂	1.09→1.19	39→17.5	137°→40°	24	[62]
Fe₃O₄@壳聚糖	—	0.03%（质量分数）	填砂管	264→161	22.49→14.47	145°→90°	10.8	[63]
Fe₃O₄	<80	0.8%（质量分数）	砂岩	—	—	50.44°→29.7°	15.38	[54]
Fe₃O₄@SiO₂	25～30	0.1%（质量分数）	玻璃微模型	1.09→1.19	25→21	120°→106°	13.2	[46]
Pd功能化磁铁矿	—	—	—	催化降黏			90	[56]

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