环糊精基活性炭的制备及其电化学性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0765

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 2000-2006.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0765

环糊精基活性炭的制备及其电化学性能

钱科¹(), 邓苗², 乔志军³, 方志梅¹, 屠建飞¹(), 阮殿波¹^,³()

^1.宁波大学机械工程与力学学院，浙江宁波 315211
^2.中国人民解放军95979部队，山东泰安 271207
^3.宁波中车新能源科技有限公司，中国中车超级电容储能及节能技术研究中心，浙江宁波 315112

收稿日期:2021-04-13 修回日期:2021-06-25 出版日期:2022-04-23 发布日期:2022-04-25
通讯作者: 屠建飞,阮殿波
作者简介:钱科（1997—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为超级电容器电极材料。E-mail：627827445@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22078164);山西省关键核心技术和共性技术研发攻关专项(20201102018);宁波市科技创新2025重大专项(2019B10045)

Preparation and electrochemical properties of cyclodextrin based activated carbon

QIAN Ke¹(), DENG Miao², QIAO Zhijun³, FANG Zhimei¹, TU Jianfei¹(), RUAN Dianbo¹^,³()

^1.College of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
^2.The 95979th Troops of PLA, Tai’an 271207, Shandong, China
^3.Ningbo CRRC New Energy Technology Co. , Ltd. , CRRC Ultracapacitor Energy Storage and Energy Saving Technology Research Center, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China

Received:2021-04-13 Revised:2021-06-25 Online:2022-04-23 Published:2022-04-25
Contact: TU Jianfei,RUAN Dianbo

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以环糊精为原料，采取先炭化后活化的方式，制备了具有高比表面积和丰富孔道结构的活性炭材料。本文通过改变KOH与环糊精炭化样品之间的碱炭比，研究了KOH用量对环糊精基活性炭结构及其电化学性能影响。在活化时间、活化温度等因素不变的情况下，活性炭的比表面积、总孔容及比电容随着碱炭比的提高，均呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当碱炭比为3时，活性炭的比表面积为1672m²/g，总孔容为0.75cm³/g，具有最佳的电容性能，在1A/g电流密度下比电容可达165F/g，优于同等条件下的商业炭21KSN（145F/g），50000次循环后的比电容保持率为98.7%。

关键词: 环糊精, 活性炭, KOH活化, 碱炭比, 电化学

Abstract:

Using cyclodextrin as raw material, activated carbon with high specific surface area and abundant pore structure were obtained by carbonization-activation method. Keeping activation time and activation temperature as constant, the pore structure and electrochemical performance of activated carbon in different alkali-carbon ratio (KOH/C) were investigated. Increasing the dosage of KOH, the surface area, total pore volume and specific capacitance of the samples all indicated a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the alkali-carbon ratio was 3, the prepared sample showed the best capacitance performance. This sample had the highest value of specific surface area (1672m²/g), and highest value of total pore volume (0.75m³/g). Moreover, the specific capacitance of the sample can reach 165F/g at 1A/g current density, which was better than commercial activated carbon 21KSN (140F/g) under the same condition, and its capacity retention rate was still 98.7% after 50000 cycles.

Key words: cyclodextrin, activated carbon, KOH activation, alkali carbon ratio, electrochemistry

中图分类号:

TQ424.1

钱科, 邓苗, 乔志军, 方志梅, 屠建飞, 阮殿波. 环糊精基活性炭的制备及其电化学性能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(4): 2000-2006.

QIAN Ke, DENG Miao, QIAO Zhijun, FANG Zhimei, TU Jianfei, RUAN Dianbo. Preparation and electrochemical properties of cyclodextrin based activated carbon[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(4): 2000-2006.

图/表 11

图1 不同KOH比例下活性炭的SEM图

图2 不同KOH比例下活性炭的XRD图谱

图3 不同KOH比例下活性炭的氮气吸附及孔隙度分析图

表1 不同KOH比例下活性炭的孔结构参数

样品名	CAC-1	CAC-2	CAC-3	CAC-4
总比表面积/m²·g^-1	513	1250	1672	1509
微孔比表面积/m²·g^-1	475	727	1081	829
外比表面积/m²·g^-1	38	523	591	680
总孔容/cm³·g^-1	0.34	0.57	0.75	0.71
微孔孔容/cm³·g^-1	0.31	0.30	0.44	0.34
介孔孔容/cm³·g^-1	0.03	0.27	0.31	0.37

图4 不同KOH比例下活性炭的FTIR图谱

图5 4种不同样品XPS的C 1s光电子能谱分析

表2 不同样品的XPS元素含量

样品	C元素比例/%	O元素比例/%	N元素比例/%
CAC-1	88.07	11.20	0.73
CAC-2	88.82	10.51	0.67
CAC-3	91.17	8.18	0.65
CAC-4	91.43	7.93	0.64

图6 不同KOH比例活性炭的CV曲线

图7 不同样品的充放电曲线及倍率性能

图8 不同KOH比例下活性炭的Nyquist曲线

图9 样品CAC-3性能测试

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环糊精基活性炭的制备及其电化学性能

Preparation and electrochemical properties of cyclodextrin based activated carbon

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