制药行业有机废气催化燃烧研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0722

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 789-799.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0722

制药行业有机废气催化燃烧研究进展

孟宪政¹(), 庄瑞杰¹, 于庆君¹^,²(), 唐晓龙¹^,²(), 易红宏¹^,², 冯勇超¹, 隗晶慧¹, 陈超祺¹

^1.北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院，北京 100083
^2.工业典型污染物资源化处理北京市重点实验室，北京 100083

收稿日期:2020-04-30 修回日期:2020-06-07 出版日期:2021-02-05 发布日期:2021-02-09
通讯作者: 于庆君,唐晓龙
作者简介:孟宪政（1997—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为大气污染控制。E-mail：1449756784@qq.com。
基金资助:
中央引导地方科技发展专项(19943816G);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(FRF-TP-18-011A3);北京市科技计划（首都蓝天行动培育专项）(Z181100005418008)

Research progress in catalytic combustion of organic waste gas in pharmaceutical industry

Xianzheng MENG¹(), Ruijie ZHUANG¹, Qingjun YU¹^,²(), Xiaolong TANG¹^,²(), Honghong YI¹^,², Yongchao FENG¹, Jinghui WEI¹, Chaoqi CHEN¹

^1.School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
^2.Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2020-04-30 Revised:2020-06-07 Online:2021-02-05 Published:2021-02-09
Contact: Qingjun YU,Xiaolong TANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

制药行业在我国快速发展，带来经济增长与生活便利的同时也带来了大量挥发性有机污染物（VOCs）的排放。针对制药行业废气排放量大、排放节点多、污染物种类复杂等特点，催化燃烧因经济环保、应用灵活，成为处理制药VOCs的合适选择。本文总结了制药行业排放的典型VOCs及常见医用药品生产过程中的特征污染物，并着重从催化燃烧催化材料研发及应用的角度，总结了近年来制药行业典型VOCs催化燃烧技术的研究现状，同时对我国制药行业有机废气治理作了展望，即需进一步加深制药行业VOCs排放特征、VOCs实验室治理等基础研究来保证实际治理过程中的经济有效性；同时在原有催化氧化催化剂研究的基础上，研发多技术耦合工艺，实现制药行业废气的达标排放。

关键词: 催化剂, 制药行业, 挥发性有机污染物, 催化燃烧

Abstract:

The rapid development of the pharmaceutical industry in China brought economic growth and convenience to life, as well as large volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) emission. Among various VOCs purification methods, catalytic combustion is considered as a good one with favorable environmental friendliness and flexibility for purifying pharmaceutical VOCs which is characterized by the large emission, multiple emission nodes, and complex types of pollutants. In this paper, typical volatile organic compounds emitted from the pharmaceutical industry and the characteristics of these pollutants were summarized. Based on this, the development and application of catalytic materials in the catalytic combustion of pharmaceutical VOCs in recent years were further summarized. Meanwhile, the prospect of organic waste gas treatment in China’s pharmaceutical industry was proposed. Firstly, more in-depth researches such as pharmaceutical VOCs emission characterization and laboratory scale VOCs purification should be performed to ensure the economic effectiveness in the actual purification process. Secondly, new process coupling multi-technology should be developed to improve the purification efficiency to meet the pharmaceutical industry exhaust emission standards in China.

Key words: catalyst, pharmaceutical industry, volatile organic compounds（VOCs）, catalytic combustion

中图分类号:

X511

孟宪政, 庄瑞杰, 于庆君, 唐晓龙, 易红宏, 冯勇超, 隗晶慧, 陈超祺. 制药行业有机废气催化燃烧研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(2): 789-799.

Xianzheng MENG, Ruijie ZHUANG, Qingjun YU, Xiaolong TANG, Honghong YI, Yongchao FENG, Jinghui WEI, Chaoqi CHEN. Research progress in catalytic combustion of organic waste gas in pharmaceutical industry[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(2): 789-799.

图/表 5

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制药类别	废气产生节点	药物种类	特征污染物	排放特征	文献
发酵类	①生物发酵尾气；②提取过程有机溶剂的挥发；③污水处理站废气以及菌渣等固废废气^[2]	青霉素	正己烷、乙酸丁酯、丁醇	污染物种类多、排放量大、排放不稳定、多为无组织排放^[8,12]	[19]
		维生素B₁₂	丙酮		[24]
		维生素C	乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酮		[8]
		生霉素	乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酮		[8]
化学合成类	①合成过程中有机溶剂挥发；②提取和精制过程中有机溶媒挥发；③干燥过程中的粉尘和有机溶剂。还包括企业污水处理站和固废废气^[5]	头孢克洛	丙酮、二氯甲烷		[25]
		阿莫西林	丙酮、二氯甲烷、三乙胺		[25]
		氨苄西林	二氯甲烷、丙酮		[8]
		盐酸克林霉素	乙醇、丙酮		[8]

制药类别	废气产生节点	药物种类	特征污染物	排放特征	文献
发酵类	①生物发酵尾气；②提取过程有机溶剂的挥发；③污水处理站废气以及菌渣等固废废气^[2]	青霉素	正己烷、乙酸丁酯、丁醇	污染物种类多、排放量大、排放不稳定、多为无组织排放^[8,12]	[19]
		维生素B₁₂	丙酮		[24]
		维生素C	乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酮		[8]
		生霉素	乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酮		[8]
化学合成类	①合成过程中有机溶剂挥发；②提取和精制过程中有机溶媒挥发；③干燥过程中的粉尘和有机溶剂。还包括企业污水处理站和固废废气^[5]	头孢克洛	丙酮、二氯甲烷		[25]
		阿莫西林	丙酮、二氯甲烷、三乙胺		[25]
		氨苄西林	二氯甲烷、丙酮		[8]
		盐酸克林霉素	乙醇、丙酮		[8]

催化剂组成	污染物	浓度/ppm	GHSV/WHSV	反应温度/℃	催化效率/%	参考文献
Ru/TiO₂	二氯甲烷	1000	30000h^-1	335	100	[27]
Pd-Au/TiO₂	甲苯	1000	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	210	90	[28]
Pt/Al₂O₃	二氯甲烷	500	143790h^-1	450	100	[29]
Ag/CeO₂	乙酸乙酯	500	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	197	90	[31]
Pt/CeO₂-Al₂O₃	二氯甲烷	3000	15000h^-1	312	50	[32]
Pd-Mn/TiO₂	丙酮	1000	30000mL·g^-1·h^-1	259	100	[33]
Pd/ZSM-5	甲苯	1500	26000h^-1	272	90	[35]
Pt/MOR	甲苯	1000	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	190	90	[37]
Pt/ZSM-5	甲苯	500	80000mL·g^-1·h^-1	159	90	[38]
Pt/Beta	甲苯	1000	30000mL·g^-1·h^-1	189	98	[39]

催化剂组成	污染物	浓度/ppm	GHSV/WHSV	反应温度/℃	催化效率/%	参考文献
Ru/TiO₂	二氯甲烷	1000	30000h^-1	335	100	[27]
Pd-Au/TiO₂	甲苯	1000	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	210	90	[28]
Pt/Al₂O₃	二氯甲烷	500	143790h^-1	450	100	[29]
Ag/CeO₂	乙酸乙酯	500	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	197	90	[31]
Pt/CeO₂-Al₂O₃	二氯甲烷	3000	15000h^-1	312	50	[32]
Pd-Mn/TiO₂	丙酮	1000	30000mL·g^-1·h^-1	259	100	[33]
Pd/ZSM-5	甲苯	1500	26000h^-1	272	90	[35]
Pt/MOR	甲苯	1000	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	190	90	[37]
Pt/ZSM-5	甲苯	500	80000mL·g^-1·h^-1	159	90	[38]
Pt/Beta	甲苯	1000	30000mL·g^-1·h^-1	189	98	[39]

催化剂组成	污染物	浓度/ppm	GHSV/WHSV	反应温度/℃	催化效率/%	参考文献
Cu/分子筛-不锈钢纤维	丙酮	1500	13221h^-1	300	90	[40]
CuO/ZSM-5	乙酸乙酯	1500	15000h^-1	235	90	[41]
MnO_x/TiO₂纳米线	丙酮	500	360000mL·g^-1·h^-1	290	90	[42]

制药行业有机废气催化燃烧研究进展

Research progress in catalytic combustion of organic waste gas in pharmaceutical industry

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催化剂组成	污染物	浓度/ppm	GHSV/WHSV	反应温度/℃	催化效率/%	参考文献
CeO₂-Co₃O₄	乙酸乙酯	1000	60000h^-1	260	100	[43]
Cs/锰钾矿	乙酸乙酯	1600	16000h^-1	200	100	[44]
Fe-Mn	甲苯	10000	20000mL·g^-1·h^-1	282	80	[45]
CoCr₂O₄	二氯甲烷	3000	15000h^-1	210	50	[46]
钴铝水滑石	丙酮	1000	33000mL·g^-1·h^-1	250	100	[47]
Co₃O₄/泡沫镍	丙酮	580	17000mL·g^-1·h^-1	177	90	[48]
CuCe_xZr_1-_xO_y/ZSM-5	乙酸乙酯	—	24000h^-1	270	100	[49]
锰铝水滑石	丙酮	258	18000mL·g^-1·h^-1	170	100	[50]
CuCo₂O₄空心球	丙酮	1000	93000mL·g^-1·h^-1	200	100	[51]

催化剂组成	污染物	浓度/ppm	GHSV/WHSV	反应温度/℃	催化效率/%	参考文献
核壳Al₂O₃@Pd-CoAlO	甲苯	2000	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	207	90	[52]
Mn_1.20Co_1.80O₄空心球	丙酮	1000	93000mL·g^-1·h^-1	140	100	[53]
蛋黄壳状CoCrO_x	二氯甲烷	1000	43750mL·g^-1·h^-1	325	90	[54]
MnO_x-CeO₂（MOF模板）	乙酸乙酯	500	60000mL·g^-1·h^-1	210	99	[56]
CeCuO_x（MOF前体）	丙酮	500	23000h^-1	186	90	[57]

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