金属有机骨架材料（MOFs）用于气态轻烃的高效分离研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0048

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

气态轻烃（C₁～C₃）如甲烷、乙烯、丙烯分别作为应用最广的清洁燃料和大宗化工产品，在国民经济中占据重要的地位。然而，在其生产过程中广泛存在着分离与提纯能耗较高的问题。金属有机骨架材料（MOFs）作为第三代新型多孔材料，近年来在轻烃分离领域显示出巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了MOFs用于气态轻烃分离的现状和机理，总结了本文作者课题组针对不同轻烃产物的分离要求，对MOFs进行了精确的孔径调控、配体功能化修饰、构筑吸附位点、调变柔性结构“开口压力”等，实现了多种气态轻烃组分的高效分离。最后，针对低碳烃工业分离过程中存在的关键问题，对MOFs材料的吸附分离机理进行了深入分析，以及MOFs工业化应用所面临的结构稳定性与分离工艺匹配等进行了展望。

关键词: 气态轻烃, 吸附剂, 金属有机骨架, 结构调控, 吸附, 分离

Abstract:

Gaseous light hydrocarbons (C₁—C₃), such as methane, ethylene and propylene, are widely used as clean fuels and bulk chemical products, which occupy important position in the national economy. However, their separation and purification processes are very energy-consumption. As the third generation of new porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential in the field of light hydrocarbon separation in recent years. In this paper, the current situation and mechanisms of MOFs in the adsorptive separation of light hydrocarbons were reviewed. According to the separation requirements of different light hydrocarbon mixtures, the adsorption and separation performance of MOF materials were regulated through precise pore size control, ligand functional modification, adsorption sites construction, and adjustment of the "opening pressure" of flexible MOFs. Finally, based on the key problems in the industrial light hydrocarbon separation process, the separation mechanism of MOFs material was analyzed, and the structural stability and separation process matching of MOFs were prospected.

Key words: gaseous light hydrocarbons, adsorbents, metal-organic frameworks, structural modification, adsorption, separation

中图分类号:

TQ028.1

王小青, 常则宇, 李立博, 杨江峰, 李晋平. 金属有机骨架材料（MOFs）用于气态轻烃的高效分离研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(6): 2218-2234.

Xiaoqing WANG, Zeyu CHANG, Libo LI, Jiangfeng YANG, Jinping LI. Progress in metal-organic frameworks for efficient separation of gaseous light hydrocarbon[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(6): 2218-2234.

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