工质泵变运行工况对有机朗肯循环系统性能的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0734

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

有机朗肯循环（organic Rankine cycle, ORC）系统凭借其优越的性能已被应用于众多领域。工质泵是为ORC系统提供所需压力和流量的主要部件，其性能直接影响了其他部件性能及系统整体性能。本文通过理论计算分析了不同热力参数对单位质量流量工质泵输入功率及泵功指数的影响情况。进而以R245fa作为工质在冷凝温度为303K的模拟ORC系统工作条件下展开实验研究，分析变运行工况下两种不同类型工质泵（多级离心泵、液压隔膜计量泵）的运行参数变化规律及相互影响因素。进而探究工质泵变运行参数对ORC系统性能的影响。实验结果表明：液压隔膜计量泵的流量较低且受出口压力的影响较小，其输入功率最高仅为360.34 W，相同工况下仅是多级离心泵输入功率的16.29%。两者的实际运行效率随运行工况的变化而改变，最高分别可达59.96%、55.26%。结合理论计算，使用这两个泵的ORC系统泵功指数均在0.03～0.48范围内变化，热效率最高分别可达11.66%、10.35%。液压隔膜计量泵更适合于所需流量较低的ORC系统。

关键词: 有机朗肯循环, 余热回收, 热力学过程, 工质泵, 变工况, 性能对比

Abstract:

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system has been widely used in industries due toits superior performance. The working fluid pump, providing the mass flow rate and the evaporation pressure of the ORC system, is one of important components in the system. In addition, the performance of working fluid pumps also has significant effects on the component and overall system performance. In this paper, the effects of different thermal parameters on the pump electric power input of unit mass flow and back work ratio (BWR) were analyzed. Furthermore, the experiment was conducted under simulative ORC conditions by using R245fa and condensing temperature of 303K. The experimental operating characteristics of two different types of working fluid pumps (multistage centrifugal pump and hydraulic diaphragm metering pump) were analyzed and its effects on the performance of ORC system were presented. Results showed that the mass flow rate delivered by the hydraulic diaphragm metering pump was low and was not significantly affected by the variation of outlet pressure. The maximum electric power input was only 360.34W, which was 16.29% of the multistage centrifugal pump. Their actual operation efficiency changes with operating conditions were up to 59.96% and 55.26%, respectively. By the theoretical calculation, the BWR for the ORC system using the two pumps varied between 0.03 and 0.48. And the maximum thermal efficiency could reach up to 11.66%, 10.35%, respectively. The hydraulic diaphragm metering pump is more suitable to the low mass flow ORC system.

Key words: organic Rankine cycle, waste heat recovery, thermodynamics process, working fluid pump, variable operating conditions, performance comparison

中图分类号:

杨宇鑫, 张红光, 赵蕊, 李健, 赵腾龙, 张梦茹. 工质泵变运行工况对有机朗肯循环系统性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(02): 851-857.

Yuxin YANG, Hongguang ZHANG, Rui ZHAO, Jian LI, Tenglong ZHAO, Mengru ZHANG. Effects of variable operating conditions of working fluid pumps on the performance of organic Rankine cycle system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(02): 851-857.

图/表 11

图1 两种工质在不同冷凝温度下出口压力对单位质量流量工质泵输入功率的影响

图2 两种工质在不同冷凝温度下出口压力对泵功指数的影响

图3 工质泵性能测试实验平台原理图

表1 两种被测工质泵性能参数

泵

型号

额定转速

/r?min^-1

设计流量

/m³?h^-1

设计扬程

设计功耗

图4 出口压力对流量的影响

图5 出口压力对泵输入功率的影响

图6 出口压力对泵实际运行效率的影响

图7 系统出口压力对泵功指数的影响

图8 系统出口压力对热效率的影响

图9 系统出口压力对净输出功率的影响

符号说明

h	——	比焓， kJ/kg
P	——	功率， W
p	——	压力， MPa
Q	——	吸热量， J
q	——	流量， m³/s
W	——	功， J
η	——	热效率， %
η′	——	效率， %
下角标
p	——	工质泵
v	——	体积
1	——	进口
2	——	出口

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