化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (02): 842-850.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1321
收稿日期:
2018-06-26
修回日期:
2018-09-07
出版日期:
2019-02-05
发布日期:
2019-02-05
通讯作者:
高满达
作者简介:
<named-content content-type="corresp-name">孙保民</named-content>(1959—),男,博士生导师,研究方向为电站热力过程。E-mail:<email>965822001@qq.com</email>。|高满达,博士,研究方向为燃煤数值模拟及煤灰熔融性。E-mail:<email>gmdreneng@163.com</email>。
基金资助:
Baomin SUN(),Manda GAO(),Shixing DING,Yifeng SU
Received:
2018-06-26
Revised:
2018-09-07
Online:
2019-02-05
Published:
2019-02-05
Contact:
Manda GAO
摘要:
准东煤中钠含量高,燃用时锅炉会出现严重结渣问题。通过向准东煤为原料制取的超纯煤中添加灰的模型化合物,得到合成煤。并在此基础上利用热重-差示扫描量热分析法(TG/DTG/DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和灰熔融温度测定分析手段,研究Na2O含量对煤燃烧特性和灰熔融性的影响。结果表明:钠主要影响合成煤的着火温度(Ti)与焦炭燃烧阶段,钠含量增加使Ti升高,并且Na2O在灰中质量分数由5%升高至8%后,钠含量增加使焦炭燃烧速率先减小后加快,并能够改善煤粉燃尽特性。钠能够降低灰熔融温度,并在Na2O质量分数高于5%后,温度下降更加明显。在三元相图中钠对莫来石的助熔作用是造成灰熔融温度降低的重要原因。XRD分析表明Na2O含量增加,充当骨架作用的石英在钠的助熔作用下与难熔矿物硅钙石、MgO等生成低熔点长石类矿物,这类矿物在高温下有助熔作用,能够降低灰熔融温度。同时还生成助熔性含钠矿物霞石,加剧了灰熔融。
中图分类号:
孙保民, 高满达, 丁世兴, 苏逸峰. 合成煤中钠对煤燃烧及灰特性影响[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(02): 842-850.
Baomin SUN, Manda GAO, Shixing DING, Yifeng SU. Effect of sodium in synthetic coal on coal combustion performance and ash characteristics[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(02): 842-850.
工业分析w/% | 元素分析w/% | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mad | Aad | FCad | Vad | Cdaf | Hdaf | Ndaf | Odaf | Sdaf |
9.57 | 8.74 | 54.43 | 27.26 | 61.18 | 3.94 | 0.59 | 15.37 | 0.61 |
表1 准东煤工业分析及元素分析(基于空气干燥基)
工业分析w/% | 元素分析w/% | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mad | Aad | FCad | Vad | Cdaf | Hdaf | Ndaf | Odaf | Sdaf |
9.57 | 8.74 | 54.43 | 27.26 | 61.18 | 3.94 | 0.59 | 15.37 | 0.61 |
SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | TiO2 | SO3 | P2O5 | K2O | Na2O | 总计 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
33.51 | 13.66 | 4.64 | 20.21 | 5.48 | 0.62 | 12.82 | 0.17 | 0.67 | 4.04 | 95.82 |
表2 准东煤灰成分分析(质量分数,基于空气干燥基)/%
SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | TiO2 | SO3 | P2O5 | K2O | Na2O | 总计 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
33.51 | 13.66 | 4.64 | 20.21 | 5.48 | 0.62 | 12.82 | 0.17 | 0.67 | 4.04 | 95.82 |
合成煤 | 质量分数/% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
超纯煤 | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Na2O | |
1 | 70 | 12.63 | 5.37 | 1.89 | 7.89 | 2.21 | 0(0%) |
2 | 70 | 12.57 | 5.34 | 1.88 | 7.85 | 2.20 | 0.15(0.5%) |
3 | 70 | 12.50 | 5.31 | 1.87 | 7.81 | 2.19 | 0.30(1%) |
4 | 70 | 12.37 | 5.26 | 1.86 | 7.73 | 2.16 | 0.60(2%) |
5 | 70 | 12.00 | 5.10 | 1.80 | 7.50 | 2.10 | 1.50(5%) |
6 | 70 | 11.65 | 4.95 | 1.75 | 7.28 | 2.04 | 2.40(8%) |
表3 合成煤组成
合成煤 | 质量分数/% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
超纯煤 | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Na2O | |
1 | 70 | 12.63 | 5.37 | 1.89 | 7.89 | 2.21 | 0(0%) |
2 | 70 | 12.57 | 5.34 | 1.88 | 7.85 | 2.20 | 0.15(0.5%) |
3 | 70 | 12.50 | 5.31 | 1.87 | 7.81 | 2.19 | 0.30(1%) |
4 | 70 | 12.37 | 5.26 | 1.86 | 7.73 | 2.16 | 0.60(2%) |
5 | 70 | 12.00 | 5.10 | 1.80 | 7.50 | 2.10 | 1.50(5%) |
6 | 70 | 11.65 | 4.95 | 1.75 | 7.28 | 2.04 | 2.40(8%) |
合成煤 | 最大燃烧速率 /%·min-1 | 平均燃烧速率 /%·min-1 | 综合燃烧指数 ×10-7 /%2·min-2·K-3 | 点燃温度 燃尽率/% | 燃尽指数 /10-4·min-1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 14.25 | 5.62 | 2.77 | 14.88 | 36.49 |
2 | 13.48 | 5.67 | 2.59 | 14.88 | 36.16 |
3 | 11.98 | 6.98 | 2.45 | 25.85 | 54.62 |
4 | 13.88 | 6.16 | 2.56 | 19.25 | 45.62 |
5 | 15.20 | 6.20 | 2.66 | 24.01 | 54.45 |
6 | 13.31 | 9.59 | 3.12 | 25.47 | 55.13 |
表4 不同钠含量合成煤燃烧特性指数
合成煤 | 最大燃烧速率 /%·min-1 | 平均燃烧速率 /%·min-1 | 综合燃烧指数 ×10-7 /%2·min-2·K-3 | 点燃温度 燃尽率/% | 燃尽指数 /10-4·min-1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 14.25 | 5.62 | 2.77 | 14.88 | 36.49 |
2 | 13.48 | 5.67 | 2.59 | 14.88 | 36.16 |
3 | 11.98 | 6.98 | 2.45 | 25.85 | 54.62 |
4 | 13.88 | 6.16 | 2.56 | 19.25 | 45.62 |
5 | 15.20 | 6.20 | 2.66 | 24.01 | 54.45 |
6 | 13.31 | 9.59 | 3.12 | 25.47 | 55.13 |
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