化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (S1): 88-100.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0336

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

水合物形态学研究进展

刘曾奇1(), 刘智琪1, 王逸伟2(), 刘爱贤2, 孙强1, 杨兰英1, 郭绪强2   

  1. 1.中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室,北京 102249
    2.中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区重质油国家重点实验室,新疆 克拉玛依 834000
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-19 修回日期:2021-03-04 出版日期:2021-10-25 发布日期:2021-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 王逸伟
  • 作者简介:刘曾奇(1994—),男,博士研究生,研究方向为流体相平衡。E-mail:liuzengqi0@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境建设专项自然科学计划青年科学项目(2020D01B64);国家自然科学基金青年基金(22008257);中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区科研启动项目(XQZX20190043);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划自然科学项目(XJEDU2020Y044)

Review on hydrate morphology

LIU Zengqi1(), LIU Zhiqi1, WANG Yiwei2(), LIU Aixian2, SUN Qiang1, YANG Lanying1, GUO Xuqiang2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing) at Karamay, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2021-02-19 Revised:2021-03-04 Online:2021-10-25 Published:2021-11-09
  • Contact: WANG Yiwei

摘要:

水合物技术在气体分离、气体储存、海水淡化、蓄冷等领域有巨大的应用潜力。研究水合物的生长方式和形态特征在提高水合物储气量、降低水合物开采风险和防止水合物管道堵塞等方面有重要意义。本文从分子尺度的水合物晶格结构、毫米尺度的水合物晶体形态学和厘米尺度的水合物宏观生长形态学三个方面系统回顾了水合物形态学研究进展:总结了不同客体分子生成的不同类型水合物的不同晶格结构;从笼型水合物和半笼型水合物两个方面,阐述了过冷度、液相组成对水合物晶体形态学的影响;从金属表面传热、相界面传质、晶核加入以及促进剂的使用四个方面,介绍了水合物生长形态学的生长方式及其机理。本文总结了形态学研究对水合物技术工业化应用的积极作用并为水合物形态学研究的进一步发展提供参考。

关键词: 水合物, 形态学, 结晶, 半笼型水合物, 促进剂, 表面活性剂

Abstract:

Hydrate-based technology has great potentials in the fields of gas separation, gas storage, seawater desalination, cold storage and so on. The investigations of hydrate growth behaviors and hydrate morphology characteristics are necessary for the increase of hydrate gas storage capacity, the reduction of the risk of natural gas hydrate exploitation and the prevention of the pipe blockage caused by hydrate. This paper systematically reviews the researches of hydrate morphology from three aspects which are classified based on the size of hydrate: the hydrate lattice structure at nano scale, the hydrate crystal morphology at millimeter scale and the hydrate growth morphology at centimeter scale. This paper summarizes the lattice structures of the different hydrates formed by different guest molecules. This paper summarizes the effects of supercooling and liquid phase composition on the crystal morphology of clathrate hydrate and semi-clathrate hydrate. The growth behavior and the effects of the influential factors on hydrate growth morphology are introduced from four aspects: the heat transfer at the metal surface, the mass transfer at the interfaces between different phases, the effect of crystal nuclei and the effects of different promoters. This paper summarizes the promotion of the studies on hydrate morphology that lay a foundation for industrial application of hydrate-based technology, and provides a guidance for the further study on hydrate morphology.

Key words: hydrate, morphology, crystallization, semi-clathrate hydrate, promoters, surfactants

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