喷淋式烟气源热泵冷凝余热回收系统性能分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0637

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 650-657.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0637

喷淋式烟气源热泵冷凝余热回收系统性能分析

张群力¹^,²(), 黄昊天¹, 张琳¹, 赵文强¹, 张秋月¹

^1.北京建筑大学供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100044
^2.北京建筑大学北京节能减排与城乡可持续发展省部共建协同创新中心，北京 100044

收稿日期:2022-04-13 修回日期:2022-05-04 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-03-13
通讯作者: 张群力
作者简介:张群力（1977—），男，博士，教授，研究方向为清洁供热，烟气余热利用，E-mail: zhangqunli@bucea.edu.cn。
基金资助:
北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项(X20026)

Analysis of condensation waste heat recovery system of spray flue gas source heat pump

ZHANG Qunli¹^,²(), HUANG Haotian¹, ZHANG Lin¹, ZHAO Wenqiang¹, ZHANG Qiuyue¹

^1.Beijing Key Lab of Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
^2.Beijing Energy Conservation & Sustainable Urban and Rural Development Provincial and Ministry Co-construction Collaboration Innovation Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China

Received:2022-04-13 Revised:2022-05-04 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-03-13
Contact: ZHANG Qunli

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

受限于锅炉房的建造环境，采用喷淋塔回收烟气余热时，热网回水往往是唯一的冷源选择。但回水温度过高时无法回收烟气潜热，造成大量浪费。为实现高效的全热回收，本文提出了一种直接接触式换热器与压缩式热泵耦合的烟气冷凝余热回收系统，旨在通过热泵对低品位热能的提取能力制造人工冷源以满足回收烟气潜热的温度需求。实验研究了系统在变热泵冷凝端进口水流量、温度工况下的余热回收能力和供热能力。结果表明，以输入燃气的最低热值为基准，系统在全工况下的供热效率均超过100%，具备优秀的供热能力。在热泵冷凝端进口水温50℃、流量40L/min的工况下，系统的排烟温度可降至26.9℃，余热回收效率可达13.85%。此外烟气中的水蒸气冷凝量为6.5~7kg/h，证明系统可以在实现高效余热回收的同时具有优秀的余水回收能力。实测每年可节省约1966.42m³燃气，投资回收期约为3.33年，具备优秀的节能与经济效益。

关键词: 烟气, 燃气锅炉, 喷淋冷凝, 热泵, 余热回收

Abstract:

Restricted by the construction environment of the boiler, the back water of heat network is the most easily obtained cold source for waste heat recovery. However, the high back water temperature limits the recovery of the latent heat. In order to achieve high-efficiency total heat recovery, a flue gas condensation waste heat recovery system coupled with a direct contact heat exchanger and a compression heat pump was proposed, which aimed to create an artificial cold source through the heat pump's ability to extract low-grade heat energy to meet the requirement of temperature for latent heat recovery. The waste heat recovery capacity and heating capacity of the system were experimentally studied under the condition of variable inlet water flow and temperature of the heat network back water at the inlet of the heat pump condenser. The results showed that, based on the minimum calorific value of the input gas, the heating efficiency of the system under all working conditions exceeded 100%, and the system had excellent heating capacity. Under the condition of back water temperature of 50℃ and flow rate of 40L/min at the inlet of the heat pump condenser, the exhaust gas temperature of the system could be reduced to 26.9℃, and the waste heat recovery efficiency could reach 13.85%. At this time, the condensation amount of water vapor in the flue gas was 6.5—7kg/h. It could save about 1966.42m³ of gas every year, and the investment payback period was about 3.33 years, which proved that the system had excellent energy saving and economic benefits.

Key words: flue gas, gas boiler, spray condensation, heat pump, waste heat recovery

中图分类号:

TK11⁺5

张群力, 黄昊天, 张琳, 赵文强, 张秋月. 喷淋式烟气源热泵冷凝余热回收系统性能分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 650-657.

ZHANG Qunli, HUANG Haotian, ZHANG Lin, ZHAO Wenqiang, ZHANG Qiuyue. Analysis of condensation waste heat recovery system of spray flue gas source heat pump[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(2): 650-657.

图/表 13

图1 喷淋式烟气源热泵冷凝余热回收系统

图2 喷淋式烟气源热泵冷凝余热回收系统性能实验测点

表1 测量仪器型号及精度

测量仪器	型号	测量精度
烟气分析仪	Testo340	±0.5℃(0~+99℃)；±0.5%(100~1200℃)
数据收集器	Agilent34972A	±0.004%
热电偶	K-Type	±0.75%
电磁流量计	LDYD-3-032-16-1-1	±0.5%

图3 变热泵冷凝端进口水温、流量工况下的余热回收效率

图4 变热泵冷凝端进水温度工况下的喷淋水传向热泵的热量

图5 变热泵冷凝端进口水温、流量工况下的热泵COP与电耗

图6 变热泵冷凝端进口水温、流量工况下喷淋塔内的气水换热效率

图7 变热泵冷凝端进口水温、流量工况下排烟温度

图8 热泵冷凝端进水流量和温度对凝水流量、烟气除雾率的影响

图9 热泵冷凝端进水流量和温度对系统整体热效率、锅炉供热效率的影响

图10 系统能流

表2 运行费用计算参数

回收热量/kW	燃气单价/CNY·m^-3	运行电耗 /kW·h	电价/CNY·(kW·h)^-1
回收热量/kW	燃气单价/CNY·m^-3	运行电耗 /kW·h	峰电	平段	谷电
6.81	2.78	1.52	1.2930	0.7673	0.2939

表3 余热回收系统经济性分析

平均燃气节约费 /CNY·h^-1	平均运行电费 /CNY·h^-1	年净节约费用/CNY	初投资 /CNY	投资回收期/a
1.90	1.19	2044.8	6800	3.33

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喷淋式烟气源热泵冷凝余热回收系统性能分析

Analysis of condensation waste heat recovery system of spray flue gas source heat pump

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