关键词: 热解, 碳减排, 碳基材料, 耦合工艺, 计算机模拟, 整体优化

Abstract:

Pyrolysis has been recommended for the rapid treatment and disposal of typical organic solid waste by many ministries and commissions in China because of its high treatment efficiency, variety of resourcing products, lack of susceptibility to dioxin generation, and high effective carbon conversion rate. Addressing the issue of increasing carbon emissions caused by unstable process, poor product quality and inefficient heat utilization in treating organic solid waste by traditional pyrolysis system, this paper reviewed the novel low-carbon pyrolysis technologies and the preparation methods of high added value carbon-based materials. And it emphasized that carbon emissions from pyrolysis systems can be reduced by improving heat and mass transfer processes, regulating product generation, and producing high value-added products. In addition, the cases of combining pyrolysis technology with other organic solid waste treatment technologies were summarized, and methods for reducing carbon emissions in coupled systems were analyzed. Specifically, one was that carbon waste was reduced through cross utilization of products, resulting in the reduction of direct carbon emissions. The other was the energy utilization efficiency in combining pyrolysis system was improved by the optimization of energy flow paths, thereby reducing indirect carbon emissions caused by primary energy consumption. Finally, the application of life cycle assessment, process simulation technology and machine learning methods in optimizing carbon emissions of pyrolysis systems were explored. The overall optimization approach of pyrolysis systems with complex reaction processes and difficult real-time monitoring using computer simulation and artificial intelligence was sorted out, which provided new insights for reducing carbon emissions in pyrolysis system.

Key words: pyrolysis, carbon emission reduction, carbon-based materials, coupling process, computer simulation, global optimization