低阶煤热溶萃取物的配煤炼焦性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-2100

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 2420-2427.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-2100

• 化石能源的清洁高效转化利用 • 上一篇

低阶煤热溶萃取物的配煤炼焦性能

刘显哲¹(), 胡振中¹, 胡大为¹, 李显¹(), 贺世泽², 赵纯亮³, 夏慈良³, 吴波⁴, 张小勇⁵, 罗光前¹, 姚洪¹

^1.华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院煤燃烧国家重点实验室，湖北武汉 430074
^2.宝钢工程技术集团有限公司，上海 201999
^3.上海骁齐新材料科技有限公司，上海 201799
^4.山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司焦化厂，山西太原 030003
^5.安徽工业大学化学与化工学院，安徽马鞍山 243002

收稿日期:2023-11-29 修回日期:2024-03-01 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-06-15
通讯作者: 李显
作者简介:刘显哲（1999—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为低阶煤提质。E-mail：22013470022@qq.com。
基金资助:
博后面上项目(2023M731180)

Coking performance of extracts from degradative solvent extraction of low-rank coals for coal blending and coke making

LIU Xianzhe¹(), HU Zhenzhong¹, HU Dawei¹, LI Xian¹(), HE Shize², ZHAO Chunliang³, XIA Ciliang³, WU Bo⁴, ZHANG Xiaoyong⁵, LUO Guangqian¹, YAO Hong¹

^1.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
^2.Baosteel Engineering and Technology Group Company Limited, Shanghai 201999, China
^3.Shanghai Xiaoqi New Material Science and Technology Company Limited, Shanghai 201999, China
^4.Coking Plant of Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel Company Limited, Taiyuan 030003, Shanxi, China
^5.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, Anhui, China

Received:2023-11-29 Revised:2024-03-01 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-06-15
Contact: LI Xian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前，使用黏结性添加物进行配煤炼焦，降低焦/肥煤的使用比例，是焦化行业降本增效的重要途径。国内外学者已经在实验室阶段初步证明了低阶煤热溶萃取物替代焦/肥煤炼焦的可行性，工业化应用需要开展大规模的萃取物炼焦实际验证。基于此，本文搭建了低阶煤热溶萃取装置，并与多家焦化厂展开合作，完成了萃取物替代焦/肥煤的小焦炉实验验证。结果表明：萃取物取代20%肥煤或10%焦煤时能够明显降低焦炭的灰分，保持焦炭冷热性能基本不变。并且萃取物在炼焦过程中有72%~77%的留存率，不会造成焦炭产量的明显降低。因此，本研究明确了低阶煤热溶萃取物取代焦/肥煤炼焦方案的可行性，为焦化行业的降本增效提供了新选择，并进一步推动了低阶煤热溶萃取技术的工业化进展。

关键词: 低阶煤, 碳氢化合物, 热解, 溶剂萃取, 焦化

Abstract:

At present, the use of binder additives for coal blending to reduce the proportion of coking/fat coal is an important way to decrease the cost and enhance the efficiency of the coking industry. Domestic and international studies have already demonstrated the feasibility of the substitution of coking/fat coal for coking by extracts from degradative solvent extraction of low-rank coals in the laboratory, but there has been no actual coking validation on a large scale. Accordingly, This paper built a low-rank coal degradative solvent extraction device and cooperated with several coking plants to complete the experimental validation of extracts replacing coking/fat coal in small coke ovens. The results showed that the extracts could significantly reduce the ash content of coke and maintain the coking performances of coke basically unchanged when replacing 20% of fat coal or 10% of coking coal. Moreover, the extract had a 72%—77% retention rate in the coke, which did not result in a significant reduction in coke yield. Therefore, this study clarified the feasibility of the extracts from degradative solvent extraction of low-rank coal to replace coking/fat coal, provided a new option for cost reduction and efficiency increase in the coking industry, and further promoted the progress of industrialization of the degradative solvent extraction of low-rank coal technology.

Key words: low-rank coal, hydrocarbons, pyrolysis, solvent extraction, coking

中图分类号:

TQ552.1

刘显哲, 胡振中, 胡大为, 李显, 贺世泽, 赵纯亮, 夏慈良, 吴波, 张小勇, 罗光前, 姚洪. 低阶煤热溶萃取物的配煤炼焦性能[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(5): 2420-2427.

LIU Xianzhe, HU Zhenzhong, HU Dawei, LI Xian, HE Shize, ZHAO Chunliang, XIA Ciliang, WU Bo, ZHANG Xiaoyong, LUO Guangqian, YAO Hong. Coking performance of extracts from degradative solvent extraction of low-rank coals for coal blending and coke making[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(5): 2420-2427.

图/表 13

表1 工业复配溶剂的主要成分

成分	相对质量分数/%
非极性成分
1-甲基萘	40.0
萘基有机物	50.0
极性成分
杂环芳香族有机物	10.0

图1 中试热溶萃取装置

表2 原煤及萃取物的工业分析、元素分析和萃取物的黏结指数

煤种	元素分析（质量分数）/%					工业分析（质量分数）/%			收率/%	G
煤种	C_db	H_db	N_db	O_db^①	S_db	VM_db	A_db	FC_db^①	收率/%	G
煤1	44.4	3.1	1.0	5.3	5.8	20.8	40.4	38.8
煤1萃取物	82.5	5.0	2.6	6.3	2.1	48.3	1.5	50.2	32.4	100.6
煤2	74.0	4.7	1.7	11.3	0.8	38.5	7.5	53.0
煤2萃取物	86.0	4.9	2.3	3.0	0.5	53.9	3.3	42.9	46.4	98.9

图2 原煤与萃取物硫含量关系

图3 原煤及其萃取产物的软化特性

图4 两种萃取物的TG-DTG曲线

表3 焦化厂1（捣固焦）使用煤1萃取物取代焦煤实验结果

取代煤种	取代量/%	CRI/%	CSR/%	M40/%	M10/%
基础	0	35.8	54.6	83.3	8.0
取代焦煤	20	35.3	54.5	83.2	8.8
取代焦煤	30	36.8	52.7	82.6	8.6

表4 焦化厂2（顶装焦）使用煤1萃取物取代单种黏结煤实验结果

取代煤种	取代量/%	配煤性质（db）					焦炭性质（db）							得焦率/%
取代煤种	取代量/%	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	G	Y/mm	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	CRI/%	CSR/%	M40/%	M10/%	得焦率/%
基础煤	0	9.6	16.9	64.3	76.0	12.0	12.0	1.2	86.8	23.5	61.2	74.9	6.4	80.0
取代基础煤	7	8.2	20.1	59.6	85.0	16.5	10.6	1.4	87.7	24.1	58.8	80.4	7.5	77.4

表5 焦化厂3（顶装焦）使用煤2萃取取代焦/肥煤焦化实验

取代煤种	取代量/%	CRI/%	CSR/%	M40/%	M10/%
基础	0	24.2	63.7	81.1	9.0
取代焦煤1	10	23.1	64.8	79.8	8.6
取代焦煤2	10	25.3	61.8	80.8	10.2
取代焦煤3	10	23.9	62.5	80.2	9.8
取代肥煤1	20	24.8	62.9	80.8	9.5
取代肥煤2	20	23.5	63.6	80.2	9.2

表6 焦化厂4（捣固焦）使用煤2萃取物取代肥煤实验结果

取代煤种	取代量/%	配煤性质（db）			焦炭性质（db）							得焦率/%
取代煤种	取代量/%	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	CRI/%	CSR/%	M40/%	M10/%	得焦率/%
基础	0	9.9	27.0	50.5	12.6	1.0	86.4	31.4	55.5	79.0	8.0	78.84
取代肥煤	15	9.4	27.3	52.0	12.2	1.0	86.6	29.2	57.5	77.1	8.2	76.84

表7 焦化厂5（顶装焦）使用煤2萃取物取代焦/肥煤实验结果

取代煤种	取代量/%	配煤性质（db）			焦炭性质（db）						得焦率/%
取代煤种	取代量/%	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	CRI/%	CSR/%	DI $15150$ /%	得焦率/%
基础	0	9.5	25.8	63.4	13.6	3.6	81.3	32.1	53.2	81.8	69.78
取代肥煤	15	9.5	26.2	63.0	13.2	3.4	81.8	28.7	59.0	83.8	71.85
取代焦煤	10	9.2	26.4	63.4	13.1	3.3	81.1	33.5	54.0	82.8	70.27
取代焦煤	20	8.7	26.8	63.4	12.3	3.3	83.1	30.2	56.1	84.2	71.21

表7 焦化厂5（顶装焦）使用煤2萃取物取代焦/肥煤实验结果

取代煤种	取代量/%	配煤性质（db）			焦炭性质（db）						得焦率/%
取代煤种	取代量/%	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	A/%	VM/%	FC^①/%	CRI/%	CSR/%	DI $15150$ /%	得焦率/%
基础	0	9.5	25.8	63.4	13.6	3.6	81.3	32.1	53.2	81.8	69.78
取代肥煤	15	9.5	26.2	63.0	13.2	3.4	81.8	28.7	59.0	83.8	71.85
取代焦煤	10	9.2	26.4	63.4	13.1	3.3	81.1	33.5	54.0	82.8	70.27
取代焦煤	20	8.7	26.8	63.4	12.3	3.3	83.1	30.2	56.1	84.2	71.21

图5 萃取物取代焦/肥煤后得焦率变化情况

图6 低阶煤热溶萃取产物替代焦/肥炼焦的可行整体方案

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低阶煤热溶萃取物的配煤炼焦性能

Coking performance of extracts from degradative solvent extraction of low-rank coals for coal blending and coke making

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