高温烟气热解废轮胎过程中痕量金属Cu、Pb的迁移特性分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0450

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 1606-1613.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0450

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇

高温烟气热解废轮胎过程中痕量金属Cu、Pb的迁移特性分析

张鑫¹(), 汤吉昀¹^,², 陈娟¹(), 宋占龙¹, 董勇¹, 姚洪³

^1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，山东济南 250061
^2.昌吉学院能源与控制工程学院，新疆昌吉 831100
^3.华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院，煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室，湖北武汉 430000

收稿日期:2023-03-23 修回日期:2023-05-04 出版日期:2024-03-10 发布日期:2024-04-11
通讯作者: 陈娟
作者简介:张鑫（1999—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为固废处置。E-mail：956135481@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1910000);华中科技大学煤燃烧与低碳利用全国重点实验室开放基金(FSKLCCA2403);国家自然科学基金(52276203)

Transformation of trace metals Cu and Pb during high temperature flue gas pyrolysis of waste tires

ZHANG Xin¹(), TANG Jiyun¹^,², CHEN Juan¹(), SONG Zhanlong¹, DONG Yong¹, YAO Hong³

^1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
^2.School of Energy and Control Engineering, Changji University, Changji 831100, Xinjiang, China
^3.State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China

Received:2023-03-23 Revised:2023-05-04 Online:2024-03-10 Published:2024-04-11
Contact: CHEN Juan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

废轮胎（WT）作为一种常见固废，不合理的处置会对环境造成较大污染。本文采用燃煤高温烟气对WT进行热解，重点研究了热解过程中重金属Cu和Pb的释放特性，以及不同金属氧化物（CaO、MgO、Al₂O₃、Fe₂O₃）对两种重金属的控制效果，此外还研究了添加聚氯乙烯（PVC）对两种重金属迁移释放的影响。结果表明，当热解时间为10min时，两种元素已经基本释放完全。高温促进了Cu的富集，而低温反而促进了Cu的释放。对Pb元素而言，随着温度的升高，其释放量不断增加，展现出明显的线性规律。当WT添加金属氧化物热解时，MgO促进了Cu的富集，而Al₂O₃促进了Pb的富集。当WT添加PVC热解时，低温促进了Cu的富集，而高温促进了Cu的释放。但不论温度的高低，PVC的添加使得Pb几乎完全释放。此时，添加Fe₂O₃对两种重金属的释放均起到了抑制作用。

关键词: 废轮胎, 热解, 高温烟气, 铜, 铅

Abstract:

Waste tires (WT), as a common solid waste, can cause great pollution to the environment if it is disposed unreasonably. In this paper, coal-fired high-temperature flue gas for pyrolysis of WT was used, focusing on the release characteristics of heavy metals Cu and Pb during the pyrolysis process, and the control effects of different metal oxides (CaO, MgO, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃) on two heavy metals. In addition, the effect of adding PVC on the migration release of two heavy metals was also investigated. The results showed that when the pyrolysis time was 10min, the two elements had been basically released completely. The enrichment of Cu was promoted at high temperature, while the release of Cu was promoted at low temperature. Metal oxides had a controlling role in the release of two elements. MgO promoted the enrichment of Cu, while Al₂O₃ promoted the enrichment of Pb. When WT with added polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was pyrolyzed, the enrichment of Cu was promoted at low temperature while the release of Cu was promoted at high temperature. However, regardless of the temperature, the addition of PVC resulted in almost complete release of Pb. Furthermore, Fe₂O₃ inhibited the release of both heavy metals.

Key words: waste tires, pyrolysis, flue gas, copper, lead

中图分类号:

X705

张鑫, 汤吉昀, 陈娟, 宋占龙, 董勇, 姚洪. 高温烟气热解废轮胎过程中痕量金属Cu、Pb的迁移特性分析[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(3): 1606-1613.

ZHANG Xin, TANG Jiyun, CHEN Juan, SONG Zhanlong, DONG Yong, YAO Hong. Transformation of trace metals Cu and Pb during high temperature flue gas pyrolysis of waste tires[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(3): 1606-1613.

图/表 16

图1 WT常见处理方式[4]

图2 燃煤烟气循环处置多源有机固废工艺路线[12]

表1 WT的工业分析及元素分析

元素分析质量分数（干燥基）/%						工业分析质量分数（空干基）/%
C	H	N	S	O^①		M	A	V	FC
72.74	6.54	0.79	1.39	0.63		0.54	17.81	58.94	22.71

图3 WT原样的XRD分析

表2 WT原样的XRF分析

组分	质量分数/%
CaO	31.65
SiO₂	18.21
SO₃	18.55
ZnO	17.57
Al₂O₃	3.96
Fe₂O₃	2.41
P₂O₅	1.5
CuO	0.25
PbO	0.04
其他	5.86

图4 高温烟气热解WT流化床实验系统

图5 不同工况下Cu的富集情况

图6 850℃下热解WT固态产物Cu的XPS谱图

图7 不同工况下Pb的富集率

图8 850℃下热解WT固态产物Pb的XPS谱图

图9 不同温度烟气热解WP的Cu的相对富集率

图10 不同温度下添加PVC烟气热解WT对Cu富集率的影响（红色表示RE增加，蓝色表示RE减少，下同）

图11 添加不同金属氧化物热解WP的Cu的相对富集率

图12 不同温度烟气热解WP的Pb的相对富集率

图13 不同温度下添加PVC烟气热解WT对Pb富集率的影响

图14 添加不同金属氧化物热解WP的Pb的相对富集率

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高温烟气热解废轮胎过程中痕量金属Cu、Pb的迁移特性分析

Transformation of trace metals Cu and Pb during high temperature flue gas pyrolysis of waste tires

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