月桂酸-石蜡二元共晶和纳米SiO2气凝胶新型建筑储能材料的研制和性能表征

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-2266

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以月桂酸（LA）和石蜡（PS）为原料制备了月桂酸-石蜡（LA-PS）二元共晶混合物，通过真空吸附法将二元共晶混合物吸附到纳米SiO₂气凝胶中形成复合相变材料月桂酸-石蜡/纳米SiO₂气凝胶。泄漏实验表明，纳米SiO₂气凝胶对LA-PS的最大吸附率为70%；傅里叶红外光谱的结果显示，LA-PS/纳米SiO₂气凝胶具有优异的化学相容性；DSC测试结果显示，LA-PS/纳米SiO₂气凝胶的相变温度为35.19℃，相变潜热为115.89J/g。此外，LA-PS/纳米SiO₂气凝胶的储能效率为98.99%，说明LA-PS/纳米SiO₂气凝胶具有良好的蓄热性能。因此，制备的复合相变材料在玻璃窗透明围护结构利用方面，具有合适的相变温度、较高的相变潜热和较好的热稳定性和耐久性，从而具有较好的应用前景。

关键词: 复合相变材料, 脂肪酸, 石蜡, 纳米二氧化硅气凝胶, 建筑节能

Abstract:

In this paper, a binary eutectic mixture of lauric acid-paraffin (LA-PS) was prepared from lauric acid (LA) and paraffin (PS), and the binary eutectic mixture was adsorbed into nano-SiO₂ aerogel by vacuum adsorption method to form a composite phase change material lauric acid-paraffin/nano-SiO₂ aerogel. Leakage experiments showed that the maximum adsorption rate of the nano-SiO₂ aerogel to LA-PS was 70%. The results of Fourier infrared spectroscopy that the LA-PS/nano-SiO₂ aerogel had excellent chemical compatibility. The results of the DSC test showed that the phase transition temperature of the LA-PS/nano-SiO₂ aerogel was 35.19℃ and the latent heat of the phase transition was 115.89J/g. In addition, the LA-PS/nanosized SiO₂ aerogel had an energy storage efficiency of 98.99%, indicating that LA-PS/nanosized SiO₂ aerogel had good thermal storage properties. Therefore, the prepared composite phase change materials had suitable phase change temperature, high latent heat of phase change and good thermal stability and durability for the utilization of transparent enclosure for glass windows, and thus having a good application prospect.

Key words: composite phase change materials, fatty acids, paraffin, nanosized SiO₂ aerogel, building energy efficiency

中图分类号:

TB34

闻静, 张红婴, 张屹东, 许润泽. 月桂酸-石蜡二元共晶和纳米SiO₂气凝胶新型建筑储能材料的研制和性能表征[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(1): 388-397.

WEN Jing, ZHANG Hongying, ZHANG Yingdong, XU Runze. Development and performance characterization of architectural energy storage materials with lauric acid-paraffin binary eutectic and nanosized SiO₂ aerogel[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(1): 388-397.

图/表 17

图1 二元共晶混合物LA-PS的步冷曲线

表1 LA-PS最佳配比及相邻比例的热物性参数

相变材料	熔化温度 $T_{m}$ /℃	熔化潜热 $H_{m}$ /J·g^-1	凝固温度 $T_{f}$ /℃	凝固潜热 $H_{f}$ /J·g^-1
月桂酸(LA)	43.3	178.11	32.97	178.98
石蜡(PS)	30.79	36.03	23.98	34.09
石蜡(PS)	55.04	165.2	43.90	181.7
LA-PS(75∶25)	37.28	171.86	34.11	180.36
LA-PS(76∶24)	37.25	181.16	34.23	179.46
LA-PS(77∶23)	37.50	179.66	34.48	187.46

表1 LA-PS最佳配比及相邻比例的热物性参数

相变材料	熔化温度 $T_{m}$ /℃	熔化潜热 $H_{m}$ /J·g^-1	凝固温度 $T_{f}$ /℃	凝固潜热 $H_{f}$ /J·g^-1
月桂酸(LA)	43.3	178.11	32.97	178.98
石蜡(PS)	30.79	36.03	23.98	34.09
石蜡(PS)	55.04	165.2	43.90	181.7
LA-PS(75∶25)	37.28	171.86	34.11	180.36
LA-PS(76∶24)	37.25	181.16	34.23	179.46
LA-PS(77∶23)	37.50	179.66	34.48	187.46

图2 二元共晶混合物LA-PS的DSC曲线

图3 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的完整制备过程

图4 纳米SiO2气凝胶的BET图

表2 性能表征和测试条件

性能	实验仪器	制造商（型号）	实验条件
CPCMs的微观形态	扫描电子显微镜（SEM）	FEI MLA650F, USA	—
CPCMs的热性能稳定性	差示扫描量热仪（DSC）	美国DSC2500	0~80℃，5℃/min，N₂
CPCMs的化学结构	傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）	美国热电科学公司Nicolet iS20	波数范围：400~4000cm^-1
CPCMs的晶体结构	X射线衍射仪（XRD）	德国布鲁克D8 Advance	角度范围：5°~90° 扫描速度：10(°)/min
CPCMs的热稳定性	热重分析仪（TG）	NETZSCH STA499 F5，德国	30~600℃，N₂，10℃/min

图5 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶泄漏痕迹的照片

表3 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的泄漏率

质量比	热处理前的质量m₁/g	热处理后的质量m₂/g	泄漏率 $η$ /%
60∶40	0.471	0.471	仪器未检测出
65∶35	0.418	0.418	仪器未检测出
70∶30	0.406	0.404	0.4
75∶25	0.496	0.490	1.2
80∶20	0.516	0.506	1.9

表3 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的泄漏率

质量比	热处理前的质量m₁/g	热处理后的质量m₂/g	泄漏率 $η$ /%
60∶40	0.471	0.471	仪器未检测出
65∶35	0.418	0.418	仪器未检测出
70∶30	0.406	0.404	0.4
75∶25	0.496	0.490	1.2
80∶20	0.516	0.506	1.9

图6 纳米SiO2气凝胶、LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的微观形态图像

图7 LA-PS、LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的FTIR曲线

图8 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的DSC曲线

表4 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的热性能参数

参数	数值/%
$η$	70
$R$	63.97
$E$	63.32
$φ$	91.39
$μ$	98.99

表4 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的热性能参数

参数	数值/%
$η$	70
$R$	63.97
$E$	63.32
$φ$	91.39
$μ$	98.99

表5 其他复合相变材料的热物理性能

复合相变材料	吸附率 /%	熔化温度 /℃	熔化潜热 /J·g^-1	参考文献
硬脂酸/膨胀石墨	37	53.2	48.4	[42]
SA/海泡石	49	67.1	94.4	[43]
CA-MA/蛭石	50	21.8	72.6	[44]
a-MMT/SA	48	59.9	84.4	[45]
海泡石/石蜡	50	35.70	62.08	[46]
电纺SiO₂/CA-LA-PA	81.3	21.7	100.9	[47]
膨胀珍珠岩/LA-PA-SA	55	31.8	81.5	[48]
蛭石/LA-PA-SA	50	31.4	75.8	[49]

图9 LA、PS、LA-PS、纳米SiO2气凝胶、LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的热稳定曲线

图10 LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶多次循环后DSC曲线

表6 多次冷热循环后LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的相变参数值

循环次数/次	$T_{m}$ /℃	$H_{m}$ /J·g^-1	$T_{f}$ /℃	$H_{f}$ /J·g^-1
1	35.19	115.89	32.45	112.47
250	35.64	115.14	32.75	111.93
500	36.29	114.76	32.90	108.78
750	34.33	112.45	31.16	102.67
1000	33.98	110.59	31.36	104.37

表6 多次冷热循环后LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的相变参数值

循环次数/次	$T_{m}$ /℃	$H_{m}$ /J·g^-1	$T_{f}$ /℃	$H_{f}$ /J·g^-1
1	35.19	115.89	32.45	112.47
250	35.64	115.14	32.75	111.93
500	36.29	114.76	32.90	108.78
750	34.33	112.45	31.16	102.67
1000	33.98	110.59	31.36	104.37

图11 多次冷热循环后LA-PS/纳米SiO2气凝胶的红外光谱曲线

参考文献 49

1	WANG Zhoujie, QIAO Yuhao, LIU Yan, et al. Thermal storage performance of building envelopes for nearly-zero energy buildings during cooling season in Western China: An experimental study[J]. Building and Environment, 2021, 194: 107709.
2	李仕国, 王烨. 中国建筑能耗现状及节能措施概述[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2008, 33(2): 6-9.
	LI Shiguo, WANG Ye. Summarization of present building energy consumption and corresponding strategies in China[J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2008, 33(2): 6-9.
3	CUCE Erdem, RIFFAT Saffa B. A state-of-the-art review on innovative glazing technologies[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2015, 41: 695-714.
4	ZHONG Kecheng, LI Shuhong, SUN Gaofeng, et al. Simulation study on dynamic heat transfer performance of PCM-filled glass window with different thermophysical parameters of phase change material[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2015, 106: 87-95.
5	WAN Xian, CHEN Cong, TIAN Songyun, et al. Thermal characterization of net-like and form-stable ML/SiO₂ composite as novel PCM for cold energy storage[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2020, 28: 101276.
6	TYAGI V V, CHOPRA K, SHARMA R K, et al. A comprehensive review on phase change materials for heat storage applications: Development, characterization, thermal and chemical stability[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2022, 234: 111392.
7	LI Shuhong, SUN Gaofeng, ZOU Kaikai, et al. Experimental research on the dynamic thermal performance of a novel triple-pane building window filled with PCM[J]. Sustainable Cities and Society, 2016, 27: 15-22.
8	ZHANG Yinping, ZHOU Guobing, LIN Kunping, et al. Application of latent heat thermal energy storage in buildings: State-of-the-art and outlook[J]. Building and Environment, 2007, 42(6): 2197-2209.
9	ZHOU Jiahong, FEI Hua, HE Qian, et al. Structural characteristics and thermal performances of lauric-myristic-palmitic acid introduced into modified water hyacinth porous biochar for thermal energy storage[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 882: 163670.
10	HE Qian, FEI Hua, ZHOU Jiahong, et al. Utilization of carbonized water hyacinth for effective encapsulation and thermal conductivity enhancement of phase change energy storage materials[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 372: 130841.
11	M Francis Luther KING, RAO Putta Nageswara, SIVAKUMAR A, et al. Thermal performance of a double-glazed window integrated with a phase change material (PCM)[J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2022, 50: 1516-1521.
12	RATTANONGPHISAT Waraporn. Experimental study of double glass window with phase change material[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2013, 770: 46-49.
13	KAUSHIK Nitish, SARAVANAKUMAR P, DHANASEKHAR S, et al. Thermal analysis of a double-glazing window using a Nano-Disbanded Phase Changing Material (NDPCM)[J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2022, 62: 1702-1707.
14	Martin KOLÁČEK, Hana CHARVÁTOVÁ, Stanislav SEHNÁLEK. Experimental and numerical research of the thermal properties of a PCM window panel[J]. Sustainability, 2017, 9(7): 1222.
15	GHADIM Hamidreza Benisi, SHAHBAZ Kaveh, Refat AL-SHANNAQ, et al. Binary mixtures of fatty alcohols and fatty acid esters as novel solid-liquid phase change materials[J]. International Journal of Energy Research, 2019: er.4852.
16	ZHANG Shihua, ZHANG Xuelai, XU Xiaofeng, et al. Preparation and properties of decyl-myristyl alcohol/expanded graphite low temperature composite phase change material[J]. Phase Transitions, 2020, 93(5): 491-503.
17	SAEED Rami M, SCHLEGEL J P, CASTANO C, et al. Preparation and thermal performance of methyl palmitate and lauric acid eutectic mixture as phase change material (PCM)[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2017, 13: 418-424.
18	CHANG Seong Jin, Seunghwan WI, JEONG Su-Gwang, et al. Thermal performance evaluation of macro-packed phase change materials (PCMs) using heat transfer analysis device[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2016, 117: 120-127.
19	SILVA Tiago, VICENTE Romeu, SOARES Nelson, et al. Experimental testing and numerical modelling of masonry wall solution with PCM incorporation: A passive construction solution[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2012, 49: 235-245.
20	BAO Jiaming, ZOU Deqiu, ZHU Sixian, et al. A medium-temperature, metal-based, microencapsulated phase change material with a void for thermal expansion[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2021, 415: 128965.
21	REN Miao, WEN Xiaodong, GAO Xiaojian, et al. Thermal and mechanical properties of ultra-high performance concrete incorporated with microencapsulated phase change material[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2021, 273: 121714.
22	LIU Lei, PENG Ben, YUE Changsheng, et al. Low-cost, shape-stabilized fly ash composite phase change material synthesized by using a facile process for building energy efficiency[J]. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2019, 222: 87-95.
23	HUANG Xiubing, CHEN Xiao, LI Ang, et al. Shape-stabilized phase change materials based on porous supports for thermal energy storage applications[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 356: 641-661.
24	LIU Peng, GU Xiaobin, BIAN Liang, et al. Capric acid/intercalated diatomite as form-stable composite phase change material for thermal energy storage[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2019, 138(1): 359-368.
25	ATINAFU Dimberu G, DONG Wenjun, BERARDI Umberto, et al. Phase change materials stabilized by porous metal supramolecular gels: Gelation effect on loading capacity and thermal performance[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 394: 124806.
26	SU Weiguang, HU Meiyong, WANG Li, et al. Microencapsulated phase change materials with graphene-based materials: Fabrication, characterisation and prospects[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2022, 168: 112806.
27	LI Min, GUO Qiangang, SU Yongli. The thermal conductivity improvements of phase change materials using modified carbon nanotubes[J]. Diamond and Related Materials, 2022, 125: 109023.
28	CHIU Yu-Jen, YAN Wei-Mon, CHIU Han-Chieh, et al. Investigation on the thermophysical properties and transient heat transfer characteristics of composite phase change materials[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2018, 98: 223-231.
29	FAN Zhixuan, ZHAO Yunchao, DING Yufei, et al. Fabrication and comprehensive analysis of expanded perlite impregnated with myristic acid-based phase change materials as composite materials for building thermal management[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 55: 105710.
30	REKA Arianit A, PAVLOVSKI Blagoj, FAZLIJA Emira, et al. Diatomaceous Earth: Characterization, thermal modification, and application[J]. Open Chemistry, 2021, 19(1): 451-461.
31	ZHAO Xiaoguang, TANG Yili, XIE Weimin, et al. 3D hierarchical porous expanded perlite-based composite phase-change material with superior latent heat storage capability for thermal management[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2023, 362: 129768.
32	Ahmet SARı, SHARMA R K, Gökhan HEKIMOĞLU, et al. Preparation, characterization, thermal energy storage properties and temperature control performance of form-stabilized sepiolite based composite phase change materials[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2019, 188: 111-119.
33	CHUNG Okyoung, JEONG Su-Gwang, KIM Sumin. Preparation of energy efficient paraffinic PCMs/expanded vermiculite and perlite composites for energy saving in buildings[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2015, 137: 107-112.
34	WANG Fuxian, GAO Shiyuan, PAN Jiachuan, et al. Short-chain modified SiO₂ with high absorption of organic PCM for thermal protection[J]. Nanomaterials, 2019, 9(4): 657.
35	CHEN Feixu, ZHANG Yihe, LIU Jingang, et al. Fly ash based lightweight wall materials incorporating expanded perlite/SiO₂ aerogel composite: Towards low thermal conductivity[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 249: 118728.
36	张寅平, 苏跃红, 葛新石. (准)共晶系相变材料融点及融解热的理论预测[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报, 1995, 25(4): 474-478.
	ZHANG Yinping, SU Yuehong, GE Xinshi. Theoretical prediction of melting point and melting heat of (quasi-) eutectic phase change materials[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology of China, 1995, 25(4): 474-478.
37	GENOVESE A, AMARASINGHE G, GLEWIS M, et al. Crystallisation, melting, recrystallisation and polymorphism of n-eicosane for application as a phase change material[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2006, 443(2): 235-244.
38	FENG Lili, ZHENG Jie, YANG Huazhe, et al. Preparation and characterization of polyethylene glycol/active carbon composites as shape-stabilized phase change materials[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2011, 95(2): 644-650.
39	QIAN Tingting, LI Jinhong, MA Hongwen, et al. The preparation of a green shape-stabilized composite phase change material of polyethylene glycol/SiO₂ with enhanced thermal performance based on oil shale ash via temperature-assisted sol-gel method[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2015, 132: 29-39.
40	YU Shiyu, WANG Xiaodong, WU Dezhen. Microencapsulation of n-octadecane phase change material with calcium carbonate shell for enhancement of thermal conductivity and serving durability: Synthesis, microstructure, and performance evaluation[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 114: 632-643.
41	LUO Yue, XIONG Suya, HUANG Jintao, et al. Preparation, characterization and performance of paraffin/sepiolite composites as novel shape-stabilized phase change materials for thermal energy storage[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2021, 231: 111300.
42	LI Chuanchang, FU Liangjie, OUYANG Jing, et al. Enhanced performance and interfacial investigation of mineral-based composite phase change materials for thermal energy storage[J]. Scientific Reports, 2013, 3: 1908.
43	SHEN Qiang, LIU Songyang, OUYANG Jing, et al. Sepiolite supported stearic acid composites for thermal energy storage[J]. RSC Advances, 2016, 6(113): 112493-112501.
44	KARAIPEKLI Ali, Ahmet SARı. Capric-myristic acid/vermiculite composite as form-stable phase change material for thermal energy storage[J]. Solar Energy, 2009, 83(3): 323-332.
45	WANG Yi, ZHENG Han, FENG Huixia, et al. Effect of preparation methods on the structure and thermal properties of stearic acid/activated montmorillonite phase change materials[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2012, 47: 467-473.
46	KONUKLU Yeliz, ERSOY Orkun. Preparation and characterization of sepiolite-based phase change material nanocomposites for thermal energy storage[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 107: 575-582.
47	CAI Yibing, SUN Guiyan, LIU Mengmeng, et al. Fabrication and characterization of capric-lauric-palmitic acid/electrospun SiO₂ nanofibers composite as form-stable phase change material for thermal energy storage/retrieval[J]. Solar Energy, 2015, 118: 87-95.
48	ZHANG Nan, YUAN Yanping, YUAN Yaguang, et al. Lauric-palmitic-stearic acid/expanded perlite composite as form-stable phase change material: Preparation and thermal properties[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2014, 82: 505-511.
49	ZHANG Nan, YUAN Yanping, LI Tianyu, et al. Study on thermal property of lauric-palmitic-stearic acid/vermiculite composite as form-stable phase change material for energy storage[J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 7(9): 168781401560502.

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

阅读次数

全文

HTML			PDF

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版	最新录用	在线预览	正式出版
0	0	0	0	0	6

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	5	1
比例	83%	17%

摘要

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版

0	0	53

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	12	41
比例	23%	77%

[1]	邹鹏翔, 张明阳, 朱文杰, 郭耀骏, 程婕, 赵妍舒, 袁迎春. 基于CFD的脂肪酸甲酯环氧化用液-液撞击流旋流反应器入口结构优化[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(S1): 166-173.
[2]	尹少武, 黄若萧, 昝晓君, 童莉葛, 刘传平, 王立. 基于CPCM正六边形砖的蓄热储能系统设计与蓄放热模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(S1): 243-254.
[3]	何瑞强, 方敏, 周健夺, 费华, 杨凯. 锂电池热管理用TPE基柔性复合相变材料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(6): 3159-3173.
[4]	梁西妹, 费华, 李元林, 雍帆, 郭梦倩, 周嘉宏. 月桂酸基二元低共融储能材料的制备及热性能[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(6): 3256-3267.
[5]	吕青檐, 高汉文, 谢昆谕, 范冬青, 黄龙, 陈志强. 废弃有机物用于混合菌群合成PHA的利用现状与挑战[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(6): 3374-3385.
[6]	孙文瑾, 王雪梅, 李子富. 厨余垃圾厌氧发酵定向产酸的影响因素[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(10): 5778-5790.
[7]	全翠, 陈常祥, 高宁博, 陆丽芳. 表面活性剂及聚乳酸塑料对餐厨垃圾发酵产酸特性影响[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(10): 5791-5804.
[8]	汤磊, 曾德森, 凌子夜, 张正国, 方晓明. 相变蓄冷材料及系统应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4322-4339.
[9]	黄越, 赵立欣, 姚宗路, 于佳动, 李再兴, 申瑞霞, 安柯萌, 黄亚丽. 木质纤维类废弃物定向生物转化乳酸、乙酸研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2691-2701.
[10]	赵西坡, 卞武勋, 冉宝清, 刘进超, 尹少鼎, 孙义明. 石蜡固-固相变材料的制备及性能[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 897-906.
[11]	马跃, 王钦艳, 金央. 麻花式插件微通道中游离脂肪酸预酯化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(12): 6191-6196.
[12]	方强, 赵明. 液冷-相变材料复合电池散热系统的协同性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(12): 6278-6285.
[13]	汪晨祥, 秦永丽, 蒋永荣, 葛仕佳, 郑国权, 孙振举. ABR产酸-硫酸盐还原相颗粒污泥富集PHAs产生菌[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(12): 6658-6665.
[14]	黄龙腾, 祁影霞, 王誉程, 姜盛军. 基于复合相变材料-热管耦合的电池散热性能[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(11): 5680-5688.
[15]	李栋先, 王佳, 蒋剑春. 超声辅助下皂脚加压水解制备脂肪酸[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 409-416.

月桂酸-石蜡二元共晶和纳米SiO₂气凝胶新型建筑储能材料的研制和性能表征

Development and performance characterization of architectural energy storage materials with lauric acid-paraffin binary eutectic and nanosized SiO₂ aerogel

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 17

参考文献 49

相关文章 15

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

本文评价