非共沸工质在分液板式冷凝器中的热力性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-2219

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将“分液冷凝”应用于板式冷凝器中，并采用非共沸工质R134a/R245fa作为制冷剂，分别研究了工质流量、泡点温度以及工质组分（质量比）对分液板式冷凝器换热性能的影响，并与普通板式冷凝器进行对比，揭示非共沸工质在分液板式冷凝器中的热力性能。研究结果表明：低沸点工质在非共沸工质中的占比越高，气液分离的效果越好，分液效率最高可达到99.74%；“气液分离”可有效调节非共沸工质的组分，经过“气液分离”后低沸点工质在非共沸工质中的占比会提高；与普通板式冷凝器相比，分液板式冷凝器传热系数提高了5.6%~46.9%，并且与工质流量成反比，与泡点温度成正比；压降降低了12.6%~44.3%，且受工质流量、泡点温度的影响较小，低沸点工质在非共沸工质中的占比越高，压降越小。

关键词: 非共沸工质, 分液冷凝, 两相流, 传热, 压降

Abstract:

"Liquid-vapor separation" was applied in plate condenser with zeotropic mixtures R134a/R245fa. The impact of refrigerant mass flows, bubble point temperatures and the compositions of mixtures (mass fractions) on the heat transfer performance of the liquid-vapor separation plate condenser were examined. A comparison with experimental data from a conventional plate condenser was conducted to highlight the thermodynamic performance of zeotropic mixtures. The results showed that a high proportion of low-boiling-point refrigerant improved liquid-vapor separation, achieving a maximum liquid separation efficiency of 99.74%."Liquid-vapor separation" effectively adjusted the compositions of the zeotropic mixtures, increasing the proportion of low-boiling-point refrigerant after separation. Compared with conventional plate condenser, the liquid-vapor separation plate condenser exhibited a 5.6%—46.9% increase in heat transfer coefficient. It was inversely proportional to refrigerant mass flows and directly proportional to bubble point temperatures. The pressure drop decreased by 12.6%—44.3%, less affected by refrigerant mass flows and bubble point temperatures, a higher proportion of low-boiling-point refrigerant in the zeotropic mixtures resulted in a smaller pressure drop.

Key words: zeotropic mixtures, liquid-separation condensation, two-phase flow, heat transfer, pressure drop

中图分类号:

TQ051.61

蔡楷楠, 陈健勇, 陈颖, 罗向龙, 梁颖宗, 何嘉诚. 非共沸工质在分液板式冷凝器中的热力性能[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(1): 48-56.

CAI Kainan, CHEN Jianyong, CHEN Ying, LUO Xianglong, LIANG Yingzong, HE Jiacheng. Thermodynamic performance of zeotropic mixtures in liquid-vapor separation plate condenser[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(1): 48-56.

图/表 12

参考文献 30

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比例	93%	7%

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次数	23	46
比例	33%	67%

主要参数	参数值
换热器宽度/m	0.116
换热器高度/m	0.572
单板换热面积/m²	0.064
板片数	20
总换热面积/m²	0.576
波纹角/(°)	60

主要参数	参数值
换热器宽度/m	0.116
换热器高度/m	0.572
单板换热面积/m²	0.064
板片数	20
总换热面积/m²	0.576
波纹角/(°)	60

仪器名称	类型	厂家及型号	测量范围
工质流量计	科里奥利流量计	Emerson-CMF100	0.02~0.2kg/s
水侧流量计	电磁流量计	米科传感-LDG-SUP	0.3~17m³/h
工质温度传感器	赫斯曼PT100温度变送器	米科传感-MIK-202	-50~200℃
水侧温度传感器	K型热电偶	Omega-TT-K-24-SLE	-29~260℃
工质压力传感器	赫斯曼压力变送器	米科传感-MIK-P310	0~2MPa
工质压差传感器	单晶硅压差变送器	米科传感-MIK-2051	0~2kPa

仪器名称	类型	厂家及型号	测量范围
工质流量计	科里奥利流量计	Emerson-CMF100	0.02~0.2kg/s
水侧流量计	电磁流量计	米科传感-LDG-SUP	0.3~17m³/h
工质温度传感器	赫斯曼PT100温度变送器	米科传感-MIK-202	-50~200℃
水侧温度传感器	K型热电偶	Omega-TT-K-24-SLE	-29~260℃
工质压力传感器	赫斯曼压力变送器	米科传感-MIK-P310	0~2MPa
工质压差传感器	单晶硅压差变送器	米科传感-MIK-2051	0~2kPa

测量参数	单位	不确定度范围
温度	℃	±0.2℃
压力	kPa	±0.2%
压降	kPa	±0.05%
水流量	m³/h	±0.3%
工质流量	kg/s	±0.1%
质量分数	—	±0.9%
进口干度	—	±1.6%
分液效率	—	±1.2%
换热量	kW	±2.1%
传热系数	W/(m²·K)	±5.8%