不同径流冲刷作用下多孔炉渣沥青混合料重金属的浸出特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-2227

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确多孔炉渣沥青混合料作为透水沥青路面结构层材料使用期间发生重金属浸出而污染环境的可能性，本文基于前期研究所得三种粒径炉渣集料用于多孔沥青混合料的最佳方案，针对南京市气温与降雨特征设计了室内模拟实验，研究了不同温度与不同径流冲刷作用下，多孔炉渣沥青混合料中四种重金属（Pb、Zn、Cu和Cr）的浸出行为，重点探讨了径流冲刷作用对重金属浸出行为的影响机制。结果表明，受浸出时间和径流冲刷速率的影响，多孔炉渣沥青混合料中Pb的浸出水平最高，Cu和Cr次之，Zn最低（未检出）。四种重金属的浸出浓度受径流冲刷速率影响显著，Pb、Cr、Cu的浸出浓度均与径流速率呈显著正相关，冲刷速率越大，重金属浸出浓度越高。温度变化对Cu浸出浓度影响显著，浸出浓度随着温度升高而增加。此外，28d模拟实验中各重金属的浸出浓度均低于标准（GB 5084—2021）限值，且满足GB 3838—2002中Ⅲ类地表水质标准，说明南京市海绵城市建设中使用多孔炉渣沥青混合料环境安全性良好。

关键词: 生活垃圾焚烧炉渣集料, 多孔沥青混合料, 重金属, 浸出特性, 冲刷速率

Abstract:

In order to clarify whether the use of porous asphalt mixture containing municipal solid waste incinerated-bottom ash aggregate (MSWI-BAA) as a permeable asphalt pavement structural layer material would pollute the surrounding environment due to the heavy metals leaching from MSWI-BAA, this paper designed a simulated laboratory experiment based on the characteristics of temperature and rainfall in Nanjing City. Three particle sizes of MSWI-BAA were used in porous asphalt mixtures with optimal contents according to the former studies. The leaching behaviors of four heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr) from porous asphalt mixture containing MSWI-BAA under different temperatures and stormwater runoff flow rates were investigated, focusing on the influence mechanism of runoff flow rate on the leaching behaviors. The results showed that the leaching concentration of each heavy metal had different trends with leaching time and stormwater runoff flow rates, in which the leaching level of Pb was the highest, followed by Cu and Cr, and Zn was the lowest (below detectable limit). The leaching concentrations of heavy metals were significantly influenced by the runoff flow rate. The leaching concentrations of Pb, Cr and Cu were significantly positively correlated with the runoff flow rate. The higher the flow rate, the higher the leaching concentrations. The change of temperature had a significant effect on the leaching concentration of Cu, which increased with the increase of temperature. The leaching concentrations of all heavy metals throughout the 28d experiment were obviously lower than the standard limits of GB 5084—2021 and met the Class Ⅲ surface water quality standard of GB 3838—2002, indicating that the use of porous asphalt mixture containing MSWI-BAA in the Sponge City construction in Nanjing was environmental friendly.

Key words: municipal solid waste incinerated-bottom ash aggregate (MSWI-BAA), porous asphalt mixture, heavy metals, leaching characteristics, flow rate

中图分类号:

U414

李晶晶, 赵曜, 徐沣驰, 李康建. 不同径流冲刷作用下多孔炉渣沥青混合料重金属的浸出特性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(10): 5520-5530.

LI Jingjing, ZHAO Yao, XU Fengchi, LI Kangjian. Heavy metal leaching characteristics of porous asphalt mixture containing MSWI-BAA under different stormwater runoff flow rates[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(10): 5520-5530.

图/表 16

参考文献 26

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方案	筛上（质量分数）/%					最佳沥青用量/%	纤维用量/%
方案	0.075~2.36mm	2.36~4.75mm	4.75~9.5mm	9.5~13.2mm	矿粉	最佳沥青用量/%	纤维用量/%
N	11.5	2.2	45.8	37	3.5	4.8	0.3
S	8.05（3.45，30%）	2.2	45.8	37	3.5	5.4
M	11.5	1.76（0.44，20%）	45.8	37	3.5	5.1
L	11.5	2.2	32.06（13.74，30%）	37	3.5	5.8

方案	筛上（质量分数）/%					最佳沥青用量/%	纤维用量/%
方案	0.075~2.36mm	2.36~4.75mm	4.75~9.5mm	9.5~13.2mm	矿粉	最佳沥青用量/%	纤维用量/%
N	11.5	2.2	45.8	37	3.5	4.8	0.3
S	8.05（3.45，30%）	2.2	45.8	37	3.5	5.4
M	11.5	1.76（0.44，20%）	45.8	37	3.5	5.1
L	11.5	2.2	32.06（13.74，30%）	37	3.5	5.8

元素	质量分数/%	元素	质量分数/%
Ca	51.55	K	2.16
Si	12.85	Ti	1.98
Al	6.94	Na	1.59
Fe	5.92	Zn	1.32
Cl	4.78	Cu	0.22
S	4.49	Pb	0.19
P	2.66	Cr	0.17
Mg	2.26	Sr	0.12

元素	质量分数/%	元素	质量分数/%
Ca	51.55	K	2.16
Si	12.85	Ti	1.98
Al	6.94	Na	1.59
Fe	5.92	Zn	1.32
Cl	4.78	Cu	0.22
S	4.49	Pb	0.19
P	2.66	Cr	0.17
Mg	2.26	Sr	0.12

方案	N静	N慢	N快	S静	S慢	S快	M静	M慢	M快
N静	1.000	（0.989）^①	（0.988）^①	（0.988）^①	（0.981）^①	（0.986）^①	（0.994）^①	（0.989）^①	（0.989）^①
N慢	0.895^①	1.000	（0.995）^①	（0.994）^①	（0.991）^①	（0.989）^①	（0.995）^①	（0.994）^①	（0.992）^①
N快	0.913^①	0.966^①	1.000	（0.992）^①	（0.992）^①	（0.989）^①	（0.995）^①	（0.997）^①	（0.991）^①
S静	0.926^①	0.957^①	0.963^①	1.000	（0.993）^①	（0.993）^①	（0.993）^①	（0.995）^①	（0.993）^①
S慢	0.932^①	0.936^①	0.970^①	0.961^①	1.000	（0.987）^①	（0.989）^①	（0.991）^①	（0.984）^①
S快	0.924^①	0.926^①	0.964^①	0.981^①	0.971^①	1.000	（0.994）^①	（0.993）^①	（0.994）^①
M静	0.929^①	0.933^①	0.956^①	0.955^①	0.950^①	0.968^①	1.000	（0.995）^①	（0.995）^①
M慢	0.926^①	0.951^①	0.980^①	0.955^①	0.972^①	0.968^①	0.955^①	1.000	（0.995）^①
M快	0.932^①	0.939^①	0.970^①	0.980^①	0.971^①	0.989^①	0.969^①	0.978^①	1.000