碳包裹非贵金属催化剂的制备及其在催化加氢中的应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2637

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

实现非贵金属催化剂在加氢反应中的广泛应用对工业催化领域具有重要意义，新型碳包裹非贵金属催化剂因其优异的结构稳定性和催化加氢性能而备受关注。本文综述了近年来碳包裹非贵金属催化剂及其制备方法的研究进展，归纳总结了不同制备方法对碳包裹结构的影响以及其优缺点，并介绍了碳包裹非贵金属催化剂在硝基类芳烃、羰基类芳烃、苯酚、喹啉加氢以及费托合成等加氢反应中的催化性能以及稳定性表现。文中提出：目前该催化剂亟需解决的问题是实现金属粒子尺寸以及碳壳结构的可控调变，今后的一个研究方向是进一步探索能够简便调节催化剂结构并且经济可行的制备方法。

关键词: 催化剂, 加氢, 碳包裹结构, 稳定性, 制备

Abstract:

It is of great significance to realize the wide application of non-noble metal catalysts in hydrogenation reaction for industrial catalysis. The new carbon encapsulated non-noble metal catalysts have attracted much attention due to their excellent structural stability and catalytic hydrogenation performance. This paper reviews the recent development of carbon encapsulated non-noble metal catalysts, and the effects of different preparation methods on the carbon encapsulated structure and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized. Furthermore, the performance and stability of carbon encapsulated non-noble metal catalysts in the hydrogenation of nitro-aromatic, carbonyl aromatic hydrocarbons, phenol, quinoline and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are introduced. At present, the problem to be solved urgently is to realize the controllable adjustment of the size of metal particles and the structure of carbon shell. A future research focus is to further explore economical and feasible preparation methods of carbon encapsulated non-noble metal catalysts whose structure can easily adjusted.

Key words: catalyst, hydrogenation, carbon encapsulated structure, stability, preparation

中图分类号:

TQ426

王宏政, 马超凡, 颜伟, 何巍, 卢春山, 李小年. 碳包裹非贵金属催化剂的制备及其在催化加氢中的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(10): 5416-5424.

WANG Hongzheng, MA Chaofan, YAN Wei, HE Wei, LU Chunshan, LI Xiaonian. Preparation of carbon encapsulated non-noble metal catalysts and their application in catalytic hydrogenation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(10): 5416-5424.

图/表 7

图1 Co@NCNTs-800催化剂的形成过程示意图[22]

图2 不同结构的MOFs热解制备Co基催化剂示意图[34]

图3 Co@NCNT催化剂制备过程示意图[43]

图4 CNF x @Ni@CNTs催化剂制备过程示意图[46]

图5 Co@CN-400催化剂的卤代硝基苯加氢反应机理示意图[48]

图6 Co@NC-800催化剂用于乙酰丙酸水相催化加氢反应示意图[20]

图7 Pod-Fe催化剂用于费托合成反应示意图[58]

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