多因素影响下的X80管道钢两相流冲蚀腐蚀特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1370

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 6450-6459.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1370

多因素影响下的X80管道钢两相流冲蚀腐蚀特性

叶福相¹(), 姚军¹, 刘玉发¹, 赵彦琳¹(), 董士刚²

^1.中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院，清洁能源科学与技术国际联合实验室，过程流体过滤与分离技术北京市重点实验室，北京 102249
^2.厦门大学能源学院，福建厦门 361005

收稿日期:2021-06-30 修回日期:2021-08-05 出版日期:2021-12-05 发布日期:2021-12-21
通讯作者: 赵彦琳
作者简介:叶福相（1996—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为多相流测量、多相流冲蚀腐蚀。E-mail：yefuxiang@foxmail.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51876221)

Erosion corrosion characteristics of X80 pipeline steel in two-phase flow under the influence of multiple factors

YE Fuxiang¹(), YAO Jun¹, LIU Yufa¹, ZHAO Yanlin¹(), DONG Shigang²

^1.International Joint Laboratory on Clean Energy Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Process Fluid Filtration and Separation, College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
^2.School of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China

Received:2021-06-30 Revised:2021-08-05 Online:2021-12-05 Published:2021-12-21
Contact: ZHAO Yanlin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

长距离油气输运管道运行工况复杂，事故频发，冲蚀腐蚀是导致管道局部失效的典型问题之一，受多因素作用影响。为探究管道钢冲蚀腐蚀多因素影响机制，通过全因子实验设计方法，量化比较了包含不同颗粒浓度、冲击角度、氯离子浓度和pH的多变量系统中单一因素和因素间相互作用对X80管道钢冲蚀腐蚀损失的影响效应，并分析了它们的显著性与方向性。统计学分析结果表明，4个单一因素对冲蚀腐蚀损失均有显著影响，其中颗粒浓度和氯离子浓度与冲蚀腐蚀损失正相关，pH和冲击角度与冲蚀腐蚀损失负相关；因素间协同作用中只有颗粒浓度与氯离子浓度之间的协同作用以及颗粒浓度与冲击角度之间的协同作用效应显著，其余交叉因素效应不显著。此外，根据这些因子对X80管道钢冲蚀腐蚀质量损失速率影响的显著性，给出了作用大小排序，并通过显微照片分析了不同条件下材料损失模式，讨论了因素间协同作用机制，用示意图对因素作用效果和作用机理进行了解释。

关键词: 冲蚀腐蚀, 管道钢, 两相流, 多因素影响, 电化学

Abstract:

Erosion corrosion, which is affected by many factors, is one of the typical problems leading to local failures of long-distance crude oil pipelines. In order to study the influence of multi factors on erosion corrosion of pipeline steel, erosion corrosion loss of X80 Pipeline Steel with different particle concentration, impact angle, chloride ion concentration and pH were quantitatively compared by full factor experimental design method. The significance of single factor and interaction between factors were analyzed. The results showed that factors named above had significant effects on erosion corrosion loss, in which particle concentration and chloride ion concentration were positive effects, while pH and impact angle were negative effects. For cross effects among those four factors, only the interaction between particle concentration and chloride ion concentration and the interaction between particle concentration and impact angle were significant. In addition, the factors were arranged in order according to the significance of their effects on erosion corrosion weight loss of X80 pipeline steel. The material loss modes under different condition were analyzed through micrograph and interaction mechanism between factors was discussed and explained by schematic diagrams.

Key words: erosion corrosion, pipeline steel, two-phase flow, multiple factors, electrochemistry

中图分类号:

TQ035

叶福相, 姚军, 刘玉发, 赵彦琳, 董士刚. 多因素影响下的X80管道钢两相流冲蚀腐蚀特性[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(12): 6450-6459.

YE Fuxiang, YAO Jun, LIU Yufa, ZHAO Yanlin, DONG Shigang. Erosion corrosion characteristics of X80 pipeline steel in two-phase flow under the influence of multiple factors[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(12): 6450-6459.

图/表 16

表1 X80管线钢化学成分（质量分数） (%)

C	Si	Mn	P	Cu	Cr	Ni	Mo	Nb	Ti	Al	Fe
0.036	0.200	1.771	0.012	0.220	0.223	0.278	0.184	0.110	0.019	0.021	98.697

表2 石英砂物理性质

分子式	分子量	含量	不挥发物	灼烧失重	氯化物	Fe
SiO₂	60.08	≥99%	≤0.2%	≤1.5%	≤0.001%	0.002%

图1 液固两相射流实验装置1—样品夹；2—泵与电机；3—电磁流量计；4—有机玻璃管；5—喷嘴

图2 样品夹和冲击

表3 全因子实验方案

影响因素	标识符	低水平	中间值	高水平
颗粒（质量分数）/%	A	0.25	0.5	0.75
冲击角度/（°）	B	30	60	90
pH	C	4	7	10
氯离子/mol·L^-1	D	0.050	0.075	0.100

图3 X80钢在不同氯化钠浓度和颗粒浓度的两相流中冲蚀后的质量损失

图4 X80钢显微照片（放大200倍）

图5 X80钢在不同pH、不同氯离子浓度溶液中的开路电位

图6 X80钢在pH为4、7和10环境中极化电阻随不同[Cl-]/[OH-]比值的变化趋势

图7 不同影响因素对冲蚀腐蚀速率（E-C速率）的影响效果

图8 4个影响因素对总体冲蚀腐蚀速率（E-C速率）的相互作用

图9 每种因素作用和一阶相互作用标准化效应正态图

图10 不同颗粒浓度冲蚀腐蚀后样品的表面显微照片与灰度图（放大200倍）

图11 X80钢在不同冲击角度、颗粒浓度条件下冲蚀腐蚀后的质量损失

图12 X80钢在不同冲击角度冲蚀腐蚀后表面SEM照片

图13 X80钢不同冲击角度冲蚀腐蚀机理

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多因素影响下的X80管道钢两相流冲蚀腐蚀特性

Erosion corrosion characteristics of X80 pipeline steel in two-phase flow under the influence of multiple factors

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