质子交换膜燃料电池高稳定性低铂载量膜电极的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0649

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (S2): 89-100.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0649

质子交换膜燃料电池高稳定性低铂载量膜电极的研究进展

李丹¹(), 张博雅¹, 刘柏鸿¹, 陶阳², 熊子昂³, 侯三英¹()

^1.南华大学化学化工学院，湖南衡阳 421001
^2.南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院，湖南衡阳 421001
^3.中南大学粉末冶金研究院，湖南长沙 410083

收稿日期:2021-03-30 修回日期:2021-04-19 出版日期:2021-11-12 发布日期:2021-11-12
通讯作者: 侯三英
作者简介:李丹（1997—），女，本科，研究方向为能源化工。E-mail：1009116307@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2020JJ5470);湖南省教育厅青年项目(18B275);国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(S202010555034)

Research progress on low platinum load and high stable membrane electrode assembly of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

LI Dan¹(), ZHANG Boya¹, LIU Bohong¹, TAO Yang², XIONG Zi’ang³, HOU Sanying¹()

^1.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
^2.School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
^3.Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China

Received:2021-03-30 Revised:2021-04-19 Online:2021-11-12 Published:2021-11-12
Contact: HOU Sanying

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

质子交换膜燃料电池由于高能量转化率、零污染、低温启动等优点在新能源领域备受关注，但其成本和耐久性仍是本领域的挑战性课题。本文首先回顾了近年来国内外研究者在降低燃料电池成本和提高其耐久性方面取得的成就，从催化剂制备技术、膜电极结构优化、耐久性提升三个方面介绍了近年来国内外在降低膜电极铂载量、提高膜电极功率密度和耐久性方面的发展趋势，通过构筑铂基合金、核壳结构和纳米结构等催化剂能有效地降低铂载量，从而降低燃料电池成本；通过构筑多孔结构催化层或气体扩散层可以改善膜电极的微结构，从而提高电池的功率密度；通过开发新型质子交换膜、更换催化剂载体等方法可以提高膜电极的耐久性。最后，本文针对目前研究进展阐述提高膜电极稳定性仍然是目前的研究难题，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 燃料电池, 稳定性, 催化剂, 低铂载量, 高功率密度

Abstract:

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has attracted much attention in the field of new energy due to its advantages of high energy conversion rate,zero pollution and low temperature start-up, but its cost and durability are still a challenging issues in this field.This paper first reviews the achievements that researchers have made at home and abroad in recent years in lowering the cost and improving the durability of fuel cell.We introduce the development tendency of fuel cell in decreasing the platinum load and enhancing the power density and durability of the membrane electrode from three aspects: the technology of catalyst preparation, the membrane electrode structure optimization, the improvement of fuel cell durability.Constructing a platinum-based alloy catalyst, core-shell structure catalyst and nano structure catalyst can effectively reduce the platinum catalyst loads, thereby reducing fuel cell costs; forming a porous layer or a gas diffusion layer can improve the microstructure of the membrane electrode, so as to increase the power density of the battery. Developing a new proton exchange membrane and replacing the catalyst carrier can enhance the durability of the membrane electrode. Then, according to the current research progress, it is explained that improving the stability of membrane electrode is still a difficult problem, and the future research direction is prospected.

Key words: fuel cell, stability, catalyst, low platinum loading, high power density

中图分类号:

TM911.4

李丹, 张博雅, 刘柏鸿, 陶阳, 熊子昂, 侯三英. 质子交换膜燃料电池高稳定性低铂载量膜电极的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(S2): 89-100.

LI Dan, ZHANG Boya, LIU Bohong, TAO Yang, XIONG Zi’ang, HOU Sanying. Research progress on low platinum load and high stable membrane electrode assembly of proton exchange membrane fuel cell[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(S2): 89-100.

图/表 3

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质子交换膜燃料电池高稳定性低铂载量膜电极的研究进展

Research progress on low platinum load and high stable membrane electrode assembly of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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