碳氮比对SBR系统硝化过程及EPS三维荧光光谱特性的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0297

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以人工模拟废水为研究对象，采用4组间歇式活性污泥（SBR）反应器（R₀、R₅、R₁₀和R₁₅），探究了硝化过程中碳氮比（C/N）对NH $4 +$ -N去除和胞外聚合物（EPS）含量的影响。同时采用三维荧光光谱技术（3D-EEM）结合积分区域法（FRI），分析进出水时EPS各组分所占比例及变化情况。结果表明，4种C/N系统均获得了较高的NH $4 +$ -N去除率，且氨氧化速率与C/N呈负相关；C/N升高（0→15），进出水时的EPS及其组分含量随之增大，其中C/N对PS含量影响尤为显著，且硝化过程中多糖（PS）积累。根据荧光区域积分法（FRI）分析，不同C/N条件下EPS各荧光区域强度百分比存在显著差异，其中荧光区域V（腐殖酸类物质，46%~57%）的强度百分比值（P_i,n）最高。此外，蛋白质类物质酪氨酸和色氨酸以及溶解性微生物代谢产物在硝化过程中均被微生物所利用。

关键词: 硝化污泥, 碳氮比, 氨氧化, 胞外聚合物, 三维荧光光谱, 荧光区域积分

Abstract:

This study focused on the effect of C/N ratio on the removal efficiency of NH $4 +$ -N and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) during nitration process by using the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to treat synthetic wastewater under four C/N ratio conditions (0, 5, 10, 15). Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM) coupled with fluorescence regional integration (FRI) was used to analyze the constituents of EPS. The results showed that the high removal efficiency of NH $4 +$ -N was obtained and the ammoxidation rate was negatively correlated with the C/N ratio. When the C/N ratio increased from 0 to 15, the content of influent and effluent EPS and its components increased, the effect of C/N ratio on PS was significant, and the content of PS was accumulated during nitrification. According to fluorescence region integral (FRI) analysis, there was remarkable difference in the fluorescence response percentage of EPS for different C/N ratio , and region V(humic acid substance, 46%—57%) was the dominant fraction in EPS under different C/N conditions. In addition, the protein-like substance tyrosine and tryptophan, and soluble microbial by-product were utilized during nitrification.

Key words: nitrifying sludge, C/N ratio, ammoxidation, extracellular polymeric substance, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence regional integration

中图分类号:

陈翠忠, 李俊峰, 蓝明菊, 额热艾汗, 谢可飞, 徐威龙, 刘雅茹, 孙洪伟. 碳氮比对SBR系统硝化过程及EPS三维荧光光谱特性的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(12): 5275-5282.

Cuizhong CHEN, Junfeng LI, Mingju LAN, EREAIHAN, Kefei XIE, Weilong XU, Yaru LIU, Hongwei SUN. Effect of C/N ratio on the performance of nitrification and three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy characterization of extracellular polymeric substances from sequencing batch reactors[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(12): 5275-5282.

参考文献

1	CHEN Z, ZHANG W, WANG D, et al. Enhancement of activated sludge dewatering performance by combined composite enzymatic lysis and chemical re-flocculation with inorganic coagulants: kinetics of enzymatic reaction and re-flocculation morphology[J]. Water Research, 2015, 83: 367-376.
2	LIU X M, SHENG G P, LUO H W, et al. Contribution of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to the sludge aggregation[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2010, 44(11): 4355-4360.
3	YANG S F, LI X Y. Influences of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the characteristics of activated sludge under mon-steady-state conditions[J]. Process Biochemistry, 2009, 44(1): 91-96.
4	FENG Q, TAI X R, SUN Y Q, et al. Influence of turbulent mixing on the composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and aggregate size of aerated activated sludge[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 378: 122-133.
5	SHI Y, HUANG J, ZENG G, et al. Exploiting extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) controlling strategies for performance enhancement of biological wastewater treatments: an overview[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 180: 396-411.
6	YE F, YE Y, LI Y. Effect of C/N ratio on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and physicochemical properties of activated sludge flocs[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 188(1/2/3): 37-43.
7	YE F X, PENG G, LI Y. Influences of influent carbon source on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and physicochemical properties of activated sludge[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 84: 1250-1255.
8	MIQUELETO A P, DOLOSIC C C, POZZI E, et al. Influence of carbon sources and C/N ratio on EPS production in anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactors for wastewater treatment[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101(4): 1324-1330.
9	DURMAZ B, SANIN F D. Effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the composition of microbial extracellular polymers in activated sludge[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2001, 44: 221-229.
10	吴志高. 胞外聚合物（EPS）对污泥沉降性能的影响及其在生物除磷中的作用研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2006.
10	WU Z G. Study on the effect of extracellular polymer substances on the settleability of the sludge and its role in biological removal of phosphorus[J]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2006.
11	姚璐璐,涂响,于会彬,等.三维荧光区域积分评估城市污水中溶解性有机物去除[J].环境工程学报, 2013, 7(2): 411-416.
11	YAO L L, TU X, YU H B, et al. Evaluation of dissolved organic m atter removal in m unicipal wastewater based on fluorescence regional integration[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2013, 7(2): 411-416.
12	HENDERSON R K, BAKER A, MURPHY K R, et al. Fluorescence as a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: a review[J]. Water Research, 2009, 43(4): 863-881.
13	YANG L, HUR J, ZHUANG W. Occurrence and behaviors of fluorescence EEM-PARAFAC components in drinking water and wastewater treatment systems and their applications: a review[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015, 22(9): 6500-6510.
14	GUO L, LU M M, LI Q. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy with regional integration analysis for assessing waste sludge hydrolysis treated with multi-enzyme and thermophilic bacteria[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 171: 22-28.
15	WEI D, YAN T, ZHANG K, et al. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of extracellular polymeric substances in partial nitrification and full nitrification reactors[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 240: 171-176.
16	SUN J, GUO L, LI Q, et al. Three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy with regional integration analysis for assessing waste sludge hydrolysis at different pretreated temperatures[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016, 23: 24061-24067.
17	国家环境保护局. 水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2002: 200-281．
17	National Environmental Protection Agency. Monitoring and analysis methods of water and wastewater [M]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2002: 200-281.
18	孙洪伟, 陈翠忠, 高宇学, 等.碳氮比对活性污泥胞外聚合物的长期影响[J].中国环境科学, 2018, 38(3): 950-958.
18	SUN H W, CHEN C Z, GAO Y X, et al. Effect of C/N ratio on extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the sequencing batch reactor (SBR)[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018, 38(3): 950-958.
19	MENGISTU Y, EDWARDS C, SAUNDERS J R. Continuous culture studies on the synthesis of capsular polysaccharide by Klebsiella pneumoniae K1[J]. Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 2010, 76(5): 424-430.
20	YU G H, WU M J, LUO Y H, et al. Fluorescence excitation-emission spectroscopy with regional integration analysis for assessment of compost maturity[J]. Waste Management, 2011, 31(8): 1729-1736.
21	CHEN W, WESTERHOFF P, LEENHEER J A, et al. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2003, 37(24): 5701-5710.
22	郭英. SBR生物脱氮过程进水C/N及FA对微生物硝化特性影响试验研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州交通大学, 2013.
22	GUO Y. Study on the effect of inffluent C/N and FA on the nitrification characteristic of microbial populations in the biological nitrogen removal of sequencing batch reactor[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Jiaotong University, 2013.
23	CHIU Y C, LEE L L, CHANG C N, et al. Control of carbon and ammonium ratio for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a sequencing batch bioreactor[J]. Nternational Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2007, 59(1): 1-7.
24	MIAO Y Y, PENG Y Z, ZHANG L, et al. Partial nitrification-anammox (PNA) treating sewage with intermittent aeration mode: effect of influent C/N ratios[J]. Chemical Engineering, 2018, 334(15): 664-672.
25	GAO D W, YUAN X J. Reactivation performance of aerobic granules under different storage strategies[J]. Water Research, 2012, 46(10): 3315-3322.
26	PAULINA, RUSANOWSKA, AGNIESZKA, et al. Changes in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content and composition in aerobic granule size-fractions during reactor cycles at different organic loads[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 272: 188-193.
27	CORSINO S F, BIASE A, DEVLIN T R, et al. Effect of extended famine conditions on aerobic granular sludge stability in the treatment of brewery wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 226: 150-157.
28	孙洪伟, 陈翠忠, 吴长峰, 等. 交替好氧/缺氧运行模式对生物脱氮效能及活性污泥胞外聚合物的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2018, 39(1): 256-262.
28	SUN H W, CHEN C Z, WU C F, et al. Influence of operating modes for the alternating anoxic/oxic on the biological nitrogen removal and extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge[J]. Environmental Science, 2018, 39(1): 256-262.
29	葛利云, 王红武, 马鲁铭, 等. 好氧活性污泥胞外聚合物的影响因素研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2007, 30(2): 8-12.
29	GE L Y, WANG H W, MA L M, et al. Influence of extracellular polymeric substances in aerobic activated sludge[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2007, 30(2): 8-12.
30	WANG Z, GAO M, XIN Y, et al. Effect of C/N ratio on extracellular polymeric substances of activated sludge from an anoxic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor treating saline wastewater[J]. Environmental Technology, 2014, 35(22): 2821-2828.
31	沈萍, 陈向东. 微生物学[M]. 8版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2016: 104-116.
31	SHEN P, CHEN X D. Microbiology[M]. 8th ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2016: 104-116.
32	NOUHA K, KUMAR R S, BALASUBRAMANIAN S, et al. Critical review of EPS production, synthesis and composition for sludge flocculation[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2018, 66: 225-245.
33	LIU H, FANG H H P. Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of sludges[J]. Journal of Biotechnology, 2002, 95(3): 249-256.
34	ANUMOL T, SGROI M, PARK M, et al. Predicting trace organiccompound breakthrough in granular activated carbon using fluorescence and UV absorbance as surrogates[J]. Water Research, 2015, 76: 76-87.
35	SGROI M, ROCCARO P, OELKER G, et al. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation during ozonation of wastewater and water treatment polymers[J]. Chemosphere, 2016, 144: 1618-1623.
36	TIAN W, LI L Z, LIU F. Assessment of the maturity and biological parameters of compost produced from dairy manure and rice chaff by excitationeemission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 110: 330-337.
37	ZHEN G, LU X, WANG B, et al. Synergetic pretreatment of waste activated sludge by Fe()-activated persulfate oxidation under mild temperature for enhanced dewaterability[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 124: 29-36.
38	JIA X, ZHU C W, LI M X, et al. A comparison of treatment techniques to enhance fermentative hydrogen production from piggery anaerobic digested residues[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013, 38: 8691-8698.
39	GUO Y L, GUO L, SUN M, et al. Effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on denitrification using waste activated sludge thermal hydrolysis liquid and acidogenic liquid as carbon sources[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2017, 224: 147-156.

[1]	史天茜, 石永辉, 武新颖, 张益豪, 秦哲, 赵春霞, 路达. Fe²⁺对厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器运行性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 5003-5010.
[2]	曾天续, 张永显, 严渊, 刘宏, 马娇, 党鸿钟, 吴新波, 李维维, 陈永志. 羟胺对硝化菌活性及其动力学参数的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3272-3280.
[3]	李白雪, 信欣, 朱羽蒙, 刘琴, 刘鑫. SASD-A体系构建及进水不同S/N对脱氮工艺的影响机制[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3261-3271.
[4]	李华华, 李逸航, 金北辰, 李隆昕, 成少安. 厌氧氨氧化-生物电化学耦合废水处理系统的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2678-2690.
[5]	朱紫旋, 陈俊江, 张星星, 李祥, 刘文如, 吴鹏. 基于短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化新型污水生物脱氮工艺的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 2091-2100.
[6]	赵星程, 贾方旭, 蒋伟彧, 陈佳熠, 刘晨雨, 姚宏. 氧化还原介体介导厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(3): 1606-1617.
[7]	胡璇, 陈滢. 聚酯纤维微塑料胁迫下活性污泥系统性能及微生物群落的变化情况[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 1051-1060.
[8]	张涵, 张肖静, 马冰冰, 佴灿, 刘烁烁, 马永鹏, 宋亚丽. 以城市废弃污泥为种泥启动厌氧氨氧化工艺的可行性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 1080-1088.
[9]	池伟利, 杨宏. 厌氧氨氧化包埋填料处理稀土尾矿废水的中试脱氮和优化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(1): 506-516.
[10]	陈加波, 周鑫, 李旭. 以活性污泥为接种污泥厌氧氨氧化工艺的快速启动及脱氮效能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(7): 3900-3907.
[11]	王超超, 吴翼伶, 陈嘉巧, 蔡天宁, 刘文如, 李祥, 吴鹏. 新型厌氧水解酸化-短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化工艺同步处理生活污水和含硝酸盐模拟废水[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(7): 3890-3899.
[12]	汪宇光, 张星星, 王超超, 夏云康, 王垚, 周澄, 吴翼伶, 吴鹏, 徐乐中. 反硝化除磷+短程反硝化厌氧氨氧化工艺的深度脱氮除磷效能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(4): 2191-2201.
[13]	刘锋, 张雪智, 王苏琴, 冯震, 葛丹丹, 杨洋. 硫代硫酸盐驱动自养反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化强化总氮去除[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(2): 990-997.
[14]	肖灿灿, 杨亚飞, 张耀斌. 针铁矿促进剩余污泥厌氧消化中的脱氮除碳[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(12): 6689-6697.
[15]	李冬, 高飞雁, 解一博, 李柱, 张杰. 有机负荷波动频次对好氧颗粒污泥的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(12): 6680-6688.