单环路液氢温区脉动热管高充液率工况计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1519

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对液氢温区单环路脉动热管建立了二维数值模型，分析了80%充液率条件下脉动热管不同阶段的流动及传热特性。在本研究中，流体体积函数（VOF）方法被用于追踪气液相界面，恒热通量和恒温分别作为蒸发段和冷凝段的边界条件，蒸发段的加热量逐渐从0.27W增加到1W。模拟的传热热阻与实验值的误差不超过15%，验证了模型的有效性。同时得到了脉动热管初始阶段的气液分布与压力分布，通过气体体积分数云图分析了启动阶段气塞的运动，结果显示在本研究中工质经过两次循环完成启动，根据工质流动方向的变化每次循环又可以分为三种流动方式。进入稳定阶段后，脉动热管内的工质主要呈顺时针循环流动，蒸发段的壁面温度呈周期性的振荡。在加热量较低时，温度振荡频率较低，传热热阻较大；随着加热量的增加，振荡频率增加并趋于稳定，热阻先减小而后不变。

关键词: 脉动热管, 计算流体力学, 流体体积函数, 气液两相流, 传热

Abstract:

In this study, a two-dimensional numerical model of a single-looped pulsating heat pipe with hydrogen was established. The flow and heat transfer characteristics of the pulsating heat pipe at different stages were analyzed. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was used to reconstruct the gas-liquid interface. Constant heat flux and constant temperature were used as boundary conditions of the evaporation section and condensation section, respectively. The heat load to the evaporation section increased gradually from 0.27W to 1W. The model was verified by the experiments. The errors of heat transfer resistance were less than 15%. The gas-liquid distribution and pressure distribution in the initial stage of the pulsating heat pipe were obtained. The behavior of the vapor plugs during the start-up stage was analyzed by the vapor volume fraction contours. The results showed that the working fluid goes through two cycles before the pulsating heat pipe reach pseudo-steady stage. And three flow patterns were observed in each cycle. After the start-up stage, the working fluid in the pulsating heat pipe was mainly clockwise circulating flow, and the wall temperature of the evaporation section oscillated periodically. When the heat load was low, the oscillation frequency of the temperature was small, the thermal resistance of the pulsating heat pipe was large. With the increase of the heat load, the oscillation frequency increased and finally tended to be stable, the thermal resistance decreased firstly and then remained unchanged.

Key words: pulsating heat pipe, CFD, VOF, gas-liquid flow, heat transfer

中图分类号:

TK172.4

徐金柱, 焦波, 孙潇, 王芳, 甘智华. 单环路液氢温区脉动热管高充液率工况计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(7): 2556-2565.

Jinzhu XU, Bo JIAO, Xiao SUN, Fang WANG, Zhihua GAN. CFD simulation on hydrogen pulsating heat pipe with single turn anda high filling ratio[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(7): 2556-2565.

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