化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (06): 2862-2869.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1611

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型0℃相变蓄冷材料制备及蓄冷特性

贾蒲悦(),武卫东(),王益聪   

  1. 上海理工大学制冷与低温工程研究所,上海 200093
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-06 出版日期:2019-06-05 发布日期:2019-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 武卫东
  • 作者简介:贾蒲悦(1995—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为制冷与低温工程。E-mail:<email>904732232@qq.com</email>。
  • 基金资助:
    “十二五” 国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD19B02)

Preparation of 0℃ phase change material and its cold storage performance in cold-chain logistics

Puyue JIA(),Weidong WU(),Yicong WANG   

  1. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
  • Received:2018-08-06 Online:2019-06-05 Published:2019-06-05
  • Contact: Weidong WU

摘要:

针对冷链物流应用场合,提出并制备了相变温度在0℃左右、潜热较高、过冷度较小的以质量分数5%的山梨醇水溶液为基液的相变蓄冷材料,并通过采用纳米材料对其热物性进行了优化研究,设计制作了一种可直接充冷式蓄冷保温箱,以苹果作为保温对象进行了山梨醇蓄冷保温箱的保冷性能实验。结果显示,采用纳米材料(TiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3)可以有效降低蓄冷剂溶液的过冷度并增强其热导率;当TiO2质量分数为0.50%时,可使质量分数5%山梨醇水溶液过冷度降低至1.4℃;当TiO2质量分数为0.40%时,5%山梨醇水溶液热导率达到最大值,为0.612W/(m·K);山梨醇水溶液本身并无相分离现象,但因纳米材料沉淀问题需加一定量的增稠剂,最终经优化所得蓄冷材料的配比为5%山梨醇水溶液+0.40%TiO2+1.0%聚丙烯酸钠(PAAS),其相变温度为-2.9℃,潜热焓为293.8kJ/kg,热导率为0.62W/(m·K)。本文提出的蓄冷剂溶液可以使苹果在-1~7℃区间保温20h以上,可满足冷链物流“最后一公里”甚至更长距离冷藏运输的时间要求。

关键词: 相变, 复合材料, 纳米材料, 热物性, 蓄冷特性

Abstract:

A novel phase change material (PCM) for cold chain logistics, with phase-change temperature of about 0℃ and relatively high latent heat and low supercooling degree, was prepared by using sorbitol aqueous solution (C6H14O6) as main base solution. The thermophysical properties of the PCM were optimized by using nanomaterials. Then, a cold storage box using the sorbitol aqueous solution as PCM was designed and its performance was tested with apples as the cold storage object. The experimental results showed that nanomaterials (i.e., TiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3) could effectively reduce the supercooling degree of PCM and enhance its thermal conductivity. When the concentration of TiO2 was 0.50%, the supercooling degree of the sorbitol aqueous solution was reduced to the minimum of 1.4℃. When the concentration of TiO2 was 0.40%, the thermal conductivity of the sorbitol aqueous solution was increased to the maximum of 0.612W/(m·K). There was no phase separation phenomenon in the sorbitol aqueous solution, but a certain amount of thickener was needed due to the precipitation of the nanomaterials. The final ratio of the PCM was determined as 5% C6H14O6+0.40%TiO2+1.0% polyacrylic acid sodium (PAAS), whose phase-change temperature, latent heat enthalpy and thermal conductivity of the prepared PCM were -2.9℃, 293.8kJ/kg and 0.62W/(m·K), respectively. The proposed PCM could maintain apple temperature within the range of -1 ~ 7℃ over 20h, which could meet the requirement of “last mile” or even longer distance of cold chain logistics.

Key words: phase-change, composites, nanomaterials, thermophysical properties, cold storage performance

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