玄武岩纤维池窑熔制过程的数值模拟

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0675

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于计算流体力学，分别建立了玄武岩池窑中的火焰燃烧、原料熔化以及熔液流动三大空间的数学模型。依据各空间交界面之间的热量传递和温度机制，采用Fluent软件对三大空间进行了热耦合模拟。在模型经实验验证的基础上，分析了三大空间的温度场、速度场的分布特性。研究结果表明：所构建的数值模拟方法可用于指导玄武岩池窑设计和参数优化；顶烧枪的布置方式可保证火焰空间的整体温度分布较为均匀，并能够维持熔液表面附近的气流温度在较高水平；沿着熔液流动空间的自由表面直至池窑底部，熔液的温度首先逐渐升高并在电极高度附近达到最大值，之后开始下降；采用电助熔技术可有效提升池窑深度方向上的温度均匀性，从而大大提升生产规模，降低成本。

关键词: 玄武岩纤维, 池窑, 熔制系统, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The mathematical models on the three regions, including combustion space, the basalt liquid space and the raw material melting space in the basalt fiber tank, were established based on computational fluent dynamics (CFD). According to the heat fluxes and temperatures at the interfaces between the three regions, a thermal coupling simulation was performed by Fluent software. Meanwhile, the models were verified by comparing with experimental results, and the distribution characteristics of the temperature and velocity fields at these regions were numerically analyzed. The results indicated that the design and parameters of basalt fiber tank could be optimized by the simulation method mentioned above. The temperature of the whole combustion space was uniformly distributed by utilizing the top firing gun, and the temperature around the free surface of molten liquid was maintained at a high level. From the free surface to the bottom of basalt liquid space, the temperature of molten flow was gradually increased and then reduced. Furthermore, the maximum occurred near the horizontal height of the electrodes. The uniformity of temperature could be improved along the depth direction of the tank by utilizing the electric boosting technology. Therefore, the scale of production could be greatly enlarged and the cost be reduced.

Key words: basalt fiber, tank, melting system, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TQ343

朱立平, 于守富, 吕士武, 吴嘉培, 唐秀凤, 孙雪坤. 玄武岩纤维池窑熔制过程的数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(02): 940-948.

Liping ZHU, Shoufu YU, Shiwu LÜ, Jiapei WU, Xiufeng TANG, Xuekun SUN. Numerical simulation of the melting process in basalt fiber tank[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(02): 940-948.

图/表 15

参考文献 29

1	FIORE V , SCALICI T , BELLA G D , et al . A review on basalt fibre and its composites[J]. Composites Part B, 2015,74:74-94.
2	郭欢, 麻岩, 陈姝娜 . 连续玄武岩纤维的发展及应用前景[J]. 中国纤检, 2010(5): 76-79.
	GUO H , MA Y, CHEN Z N . Development and application prospect of continuous basalt fiber[J]. China Fiber Inspection, 2010(5): 76-79.
3	李平, 智欧 . 正确认识玄武岩纤维[J]. 玻璃纤维, 2008(3): 35-41.
	LI P , ZHI O . Having right knowledge of basalt fiber[J]. Fiber Glass, 2008(3): 35-41.
4	胡显奇 . 我国连续玄武岩纤维产业的特征及可持续发展[J]. 高科技纤维与应用, 2012, 37(6): 19-33.
	HU X Q . The characteristic and sustainable development of continuous basalt fiber industry in China[J]. Hi-Tech Fiber & Application, 2012,37(6): 19-33.
5	YAN Q Y , TAN H P , SHANG D K . Physical properties of basalt and numerical simulation of the melting process in basalt particle beds[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2001, 22(3): 995-1015.
6	FENG Z J , LI D C , QIN G Q , Study of the float glass melting process combining fluid dynamics simulation and glass homogeneity inspection [J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2008,91(10): 3229-3234.
7	HORST L , DIETER K . Mathematical simulation in glass technology[M]. Heidelberg: Springer, 2002.
8	王刚, 杨国洪, 张峰, 等 . 基于GFM软件的玻璃窑炉数值模拟[J]. 咸阳师范学院学报, 2015, 30(4): 49-51.
	WANG G , YANG G H , ZHANG F , et al . Numerical simulation of glass furnace based on GFM software[J]. Journal of Xianyang Normal University,2015,30(4):49-51.
9	STEPHENS A , CLAYTON T , MAHENDRA, et a1 . Oxygas forehearths：results of mathematical modeling of a flint glass and field trials on a borosilicate glass[J]. Ceramic Engineering＆Science Proceeding， 1999, 20(1): 143-154．
10	CHOUDHARY M K , VENUTURUMILLI R , HYRE M R . Mathematical modeling of flow and heat transfer phenomena in glass melting, delivery, and forming processes[J]. International Journal of Applied Glass Science, 2010, 1(2): 188-214.
11	ABBASSI A , KHOSHMANESH K H . Numerical simulation and experimental analysis of an industrial glass melting furnace[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008, 28: 450-459.
12	SCHILL P . A model example of advanced furnace control[J]. Glass Techno1., 2007, 84(3):20-21.
13	CHANG S L , ZHOU C Q , GOLCHERT B . Eulerian approach for multiphase flow simulation in a glass melter[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2005,25:3083-3103.
14	JEBAVÁ M , DYRČÍKOVÁ P , NĚMEC L . Modelling of the controlled melt flow in a glass melting space-its melting performance and heat losses[J]. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2015, 430: 52-63.
15	郭印诚, 林文漪 . 玻璃熔窑预燃室内流动与燃烧计算[J]. 燃烧科学与技术, 2000, 6(2): 146-149.
	GUO Y C , LIN W Y . Numerical modeling of flow and combustion processes in a pre-combustor of glass melting furnace[J]. Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 2000,6(2):146-149.
16	刘宗明, 韩韬, 段广彬, 等 . 全氧燃烧玻璃纤维窑炉数值模拟研究[J]. 建筑材料报学报, 2011, 14(2):196-201.
	LIU Z M , HAN T , DUAN G B , et al . Study of numerical simulation of oxygen-fuel combustion of fiber glass furnace[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2011, 14(2): 196-201.
17	胡平超, 谢俊, 韩建军,等 . 玻璃纤维窑炉性能探究和优化[J]. 燕山大学学报, 2017, 41(4): 329-334.
	HU P C , XIE J , HAN J J , et al . Research and optimization on performance of glass fiber kilns[J]. Journal of Yanshan University, 2017, 41(4): 329-334.
18	吕树欣, 刘涌, 宋晨路, 等 . 基于火焰空间与玻璃液热耦合的玻璃熔窑数值模拟[J]. 材料科学与工程学报, 2012, 30(1): 25-28.
	LV S X , LIU Y , SONG C L , et al . Computational study of glass furnace based on thermal coupling between combustion space and liquid glass pool[J]. Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2012,30(1):25-28.
19	陈淑勇, 陶天训, 马立云, 等 . 开源软件在玻璃熔窑模拟中的应用[J]. 燕山大学学报, 2017, 41(4): 343-348.
	CHEN S Y , TAO T X , MA L Y, et al . Application of open-source software in glass furnace simulation[J]. Journal of Yanshan University,2017,41(4):343-348.
20	闫全英, 谈和平, 尚德库, 等 . 玄武岩纤维成型区粘性流动过程的数值模拟[J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2002,34(1):49-53.
	YAN Q Y , TAN H P , SHANG D K , et al . Numerical simulation of viscosity-flow process of formation of basalt fiber[J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2002,34(1):49-53.
21	李建军, 刘艳春, 陈继生 . 绿色玄武岩纤维成型的数值模拟方法[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2008, 27(5):1076-1080.
	LI J J , LIU Y C , CHEN J S , et al . Numerical simulation on green basalt fibrous shaping[J]. Bulletin of The Chinese Ceramic Society,2008,27(5):1076-1080.
22	IVANITSKII S G , GORBACHEV G F . Continuous basalt fibers: production aspects and simulation of forming processes. II. Optimizing the fiber production technology through simulation of heat-exchange processes in bushing nozzles[J]. Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2011, 50(5/6):249-255.
23	PATANKAR S V . Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow[M].New York:Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Taylor & Francis Group, 1980.
24	Inc. FLUENT . FLUENT User’s Guide[Z]. USA: FLUENT Inc., 2006.
25	VERSTEEG H K , MALALASEKERA W . An introduction to computational fluid dynamics: the finite volume method[M]. Upper Saddle River, NJ:Prentice Hall, 1995.
26	PETRICK M , CHANG S , GOLCHERT B , et al . Coupled combustion space/glass melt furnace simulation[C]// CHARLES H D. 61st Conference on Glass Problems. Westerville: The American Ceramic Society, 2000:247-264.
27	SHI J , CHEN Z Q , SHAO S , et al . Experimental and numerical study on effective thermal conductivity of novel form-stable basalt fiber composite concrete with PCMs for thermal storage[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2014,66:156-161.
28	MOSTAFA M S , AFIFY N , GABER A , et al . Investigation of thermal properties of some basalt samples in Egypt[J]. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2004, 75: 179-188.
29	BOUHIFD M A , BESSON P , COURTIAL P , et al . Thermochemistry and melting properties of basalt[J]. Contrib. Mineral Petrol., 2007,153:689-698.

天然气入口流速/m·s^-1	天然气入口温度/℃		空燃比
5	27		12
原料入口温度/℃	投料量/t·d^-1	壁面发射率	熔液自由表面发射率
50	4	0.6	0.9

天然气入口流速/m·s^-1	天然气入口温度/℃		空燃比
5	27		12
原料入口温度/℃	投料量/t·d^-1	壁面发射率	熔液自由表面发射率
50	4	0.6	0.9

名称	温度	参数
密度ρ/kg?m^–3	≤1000℃	2760
	1000~1260℃	2942.8–0.1326T
	≥1260℃	2942.8–0.1326T
黏度η/Pa·s	≤1000℃	632.9615
	1000~1260℃	lglg η =1.5566–0.88043×T×10^-3
	≥1260℃	lglg η =1.5566–0.88043×T×10^-3
电阻率ρ _r/Ω?cm	≤1000℃	0.44014
	1000~1260℃	lglg ρ _r =0.88724–0.52678×T×10^-3
	≥1260℃	lglg ρ _r =0.88724–0.52678×T×10^-3
等效热导率/W?m^–1?K^–1	—	2
比热容/J·kg^–1?K^–1	—	1800
熔化热/J?kg^–1	1000~1260℃	538000

名称	温度	参数
密度ρ/kg?m^–3	≤1000℃	2760
	1000~1260℃	2942.8–0.1326T
	≥1260℃	2942.8–0.1326T
黏度η/Pa·s	≤1000℃	632.9615
	1000~1260℃	lglg η =1.5566–0.88043×T×10^-3
	≥1260℃	lglg η =1.5566–0.88043×T×10^-3
电阻率ρ _r/Ω?cm	≤1000℃	0.44014
	1000~1260℃	lglg ρ _r =0.88724–0.52678×T×10^-3
	≥1260℃	lglg ρ _r =0.88724–0.52678×T×10^-3
等效热导率/W?m^–1?K^–1	—	2
比热容/J·kg^–1?K^–1	—	1800
熔化热/J?kg^–1	1000~1260℃	538000

[1]	郭强, 赵文凯, 肖永厚. 增强流体扰动强化变压吸附甲硫醚/氮气分离的数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 64-72.
[2]	邵博识, 谭宏博. 锯齿波纹板对挥发性有机物低温脱除过程强化模拟分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 84-93.
[3]	王太, 苏硕, 李晟瑞, 马小龙, 刘春涛. 交流电场中贴壁气泡的动力学行为[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 133-141.
[4]	陈匡胤, 李蕊兰, 童杨, 沈建华. 质子交换膜燃料电池气体扩散层结构与设计研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 246-259.
[5]	赵曦, 马浩然, 李平, 黄爱玲. 错位碰撞型微混合器混合性能的模拟分析与优化设计[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4559-4572.
[6]	刘炫麟, 王驿凯, 戴苏洲, 殷勇高. 热泵中氨基甲酸铵分解反应特性及反应器结构优化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4522-4530.
[7]	叶振东, 刘涵, 吕静, 张亚宁, 刘洪芝. 基于钙镁二元盐的热化学储能反应器的性能优化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4307-4314.
[8]	俞俊楠, 俞建峰, 程洋, 齐一搏, 化春键, 蒋毅. 基于深度学习的变宽度浓度梯度芯片性能预测[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3383-3393.
[9]	单雪影, 张濛, 张家傅, 李玲玉, 宋艳, 李锦春. 阻燃型环氧树脂的燃烧数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3413-3419.
[10]	王硕, 张亚新, 朱博韬. 基于灰色预测模型的水煤浆输送管道冲蚀磨损寿命预测[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3431-3442.
[11]	周龙大, 赵立新, 徐保蕊, 张爽, 刘琳. 电场-旋流耦合强化多相介质分离研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3443-3456.
[12]	张晨宇, 王宁, 徐洪涛, 罗祝清. 纳米颗粒强化传热的多级潜热储热器性能评价[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2332-2342.
[13]	卢兴福, 戴波, 杨世亮. 转鼓内圆柱形颗粒混合的超二次曲面离散单元法模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2252-2261.
[14]	马润梅, 杨海超, 李正大, 李双喜, 赵祥, 章国庆. 表面强化镀层对高速轴承腔密封端面变形及摩擦磨损影响分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 1688-1697.
[15]	张成松, 张静, 龚斌, 李明洋, 袁佳新, 李宏业. 自吸射流柔性搅拌桨振动特性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 1728-1738.