碳纳米管/聚合物基导热复合材料研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-1753

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 碳纳米管（CNTs）由于优异的轴向导热性能，是目前制备高热导率聚合物基复合材料的一类重要填料。本文综述了近年来CNTs增强聚合物复合材料的研究进展，探讨了CNTs/聚合物复合材料的导热机理以及CNTs用量、尺寸及结构、表面改性、混杂CNTs粒子和聚合物基体结构等因素对CNTs/聚合物复合材料热导率的影响。同CNTs/聚合物的电导率相比，热导率远低于预期值，归因于CNTs/树脂界面间的声子频率失配现象导致了声子在界面的散射及很高的界面接触热阻，从而降低了体系热导率。分析和总结了改善体系热导率的方法和措施，采用特殊工艺使CNTs在基体内形成特殊的隔离结构或者取向结构是CNTs/聚合物导热复合材料的未来研究及发展方向。

关键词: 碳纳米管, 聚合物, 复合材料, 制备, 影响因素, 导热机理

Abstract: Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)is an important filler for preparation of high conductivity polymeric composites due to its excellent axial ultra-high thermal conductivity. In present paper, the latest research progresses in the heat conductive CNTs/polymer composites are reviewed. The thermal conduction mechanism of CNTs/polymer composites, and the influencing factors, such as the CNTs concentration, size and microstructure, surface modification, hybrid fillers, and polymer structure, on the thermal conductivity of the composites are discussed. Compared with electric conductivity, thermal conductivity of CNTs/polymer composites is far behind the expectations due to the mismatch of phonon frequency between CNTs and polymer which causes significant phonon scattering at the interface, and thereby decreases the thermal conductivity. Some feasible strategies to improve the thermal conductivity are analyzed and summarized, and future research and development direction should mainly focus on constructing special isolated structure or orientation and alignment structure of CNTs in a matrix to form heat conductive pathways for the transfer of phonons.

Key words: carbon nanotubes, polymers, composites, preparation, influence factor, thermal conductive mechanism

中图分类号:

TQ317

贺新福, 张小琴, 王迪, 吴红菊, 周文英. 碳纳米管/聚合物基导热复合材料研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(08): 3038-3044.

HE Xinfu, ZHANG Xiaoqin, WANG Di, WU Hongju, ZHOU Wenying. Research progress in heat conductive CNTs/polymer composites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(08): 3038-3044.

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