减摩抗磨类新型润滑油添加剂的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.07.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 减摩抗磨类润滑油添加剂能提高基础润滑油的摩擦学性能使其在润滑领域具有广阔的应用前景,但是商用润滑油添加剂大多含有P、S等有害元素,因此,寻找更加环保、经济的润滑油添加剂具有重要意义。本文根据润滑油添加剂结构种类和润滑机理的不同,以及国内外各种润滑油添加剂在润滑方面的相关成果,综述了近年来纳米颗粒(纳米单质及其复合颗粒、纳米氧化物、纳米硫化物、纳米氮化物)、含氮杂环化合物及其衍生物、硼酸酯及其衍生物、离子液体等添加剂的合成方法以及在减摩抗磨方面的应用,并对其发展状况和减摩抗磨机理进行了探究。指出了其润滑机理主要为吸附膜机理、摩擦反应膜机理和滚珠机理。最后对其存在的问题进行分析,提出了当前润滑领域研究的热点和方向依然是复合添加剂的制备和机理探究。

关键词: 润滑油添加剂, 纳米颗粒, 含氮杂环化合物, 离子液体, 减摩抗磨

Abstract: Lubricant additives have broad application prospects in the field of lubrication because they have been proven to possess excellent antifriction and antiwear properties. However, most of the commercial lubricant additives contain P, S or some other harmful elements. Therefore, it is significant to look for more environmental friendly, economical lubricant additives to replace the traditional commercial lubricating oil additives. According to the different structures, tribological mechanisms of lubricant additives and some studies in lubrication area, this review focused on the preparation methods, tribological applications, development status and corresponding mechanism of nanoparticles (nano elemental and composite particles, nanometer oxide, nanometer nitride, and nanometer sulfide), N-containing heterocyclic compounds, boric acid esters and ionic liquids. This review also pointed out the main lubrication mechanisms are adsorption mechanism, the rolling mechanism and the friction reaction film mechanism. Finally, the existing problems were analyzed and the current research hotpot and future direction were still the preparation of composite additives and the tribological mechanisms.

Key words: lubricant additives, nanoparticles, N-containing heterocyclic compounds, ionic liquids, anti-friction and anti-wear

中图分类号:

屈孟男, 姚亚丽, 何金梅, 冯娟, 刘珊珊. 减摩抗磨类新型润滑油添加剂的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(07): 2156-2165.

QU Mengnan, YAO Yali, HE Jinmei, FENG Juan, LIU Shanshan. Research progress of novel antifriction and antiwear lubricant additives[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(07): 2156-2165.

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