The management and utilization of coal-bed methane and drained coal mine gas are discussed together with existing problems. The importance and key techniques from coal-bed methane to liquid fuels are addressed and prospected for future development. A mobile installation will become a main route to liquid fuels via syngas from distributed coal-bed methane conversion and utilization. Techniques of compact syngas production and multi-channel synthesis would be crucial for the realization of a mobile installation with increased production efficiency.

As an important component of micro total analysis systems and biochips，micromixers have aroused extensive research and attention in academic fields. The review demonstrates the existing problems，principles，classification，processing methods，and other aspects of the current micromixers. The advantages and disadvantages of various micromixers are discussed and the development prospects are addressed.

Bromine extraction with membrane absorption from concentrated seawater was studied with hydrophobic PVDF hollow fiber membrane and its assemblies. The membrane working life was firstly investigated，the membrane strength and water penetration pressure remained unchange after being immersed in brine with bromine for 123 days. Extraction efficiencies via three absorption approaches were compared，including direct contact membrane absorption (DCMA)，vacuum membrane absorption (VMA) and air-blowing absorption (ABMA). ABMA gave faster bromine removal rate with a simple device，DCMA provided a convenient operation with easy control，and VMA exhibited a lowest bromine removal rate. Therefore，further research was focused on the ABMA approach in optimizing the process factors，such as air-blowing intensity，absorbent concentration，temperature and height as well as additional air-blowing intensity.

On demand of the enterprise information analysis and decision system for data quality，the method and procedure of data integration in process industry are discussed，especially for two categories of data：process real time data and analysis data from laboratory. As there exits time-delay，asynchronous frequency and high noise，we emphasized on the method involving steady-state detection algorithm，soft-sensor implementation process，transformation between cumulated and instantaneous value，data compression and store，etc. An example of industrial application has proved its validity and the future foreground of the proposed method is expected.

In the process of hydrocracking，some process variables，such as temperature of catalyst，have critical influence on the quality of final products. In industrial production，the real-time data from DCS usually can not be integrated with the quality data from laboratory，which resulted in the waste of data and investment. A production guiding system is proposed in this paper. Through collecting the real-time data from DCS and the quality data from laboratory，mathematical relations between some process variables and production quality indexes would be obtained as to guide users to adjust process variables and improve the quality of final products. Such system has been proved to be effective in practice.

In the process of preparation of biodiesel，the immiscibility of oil and alcohol leads to low transesterification rate and low production efficiency. In the paper，several process intensification technologies，such as mechanical stirring，co-solvent method，supercritical liquid technology，ultrasonic cavitation technology，hydrodynamic cavitation technology and microwave technology are reviewed and compared. The comparison shows that the hydrodynamic cavitation technology is more simple，safe，efficient，reliable for scale-up and can be operated in continuous process，and has a good prospect in industrial application.

A single air-breathing direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with an active area of 1 cm2 was fabricated and investigated experimentally. A fuel reservoir in anode was used to supply methanol solution. A cathode current collector was designed to integrate the cathode fixture. The fuel cell with a home-made membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was tested. Effects of catalyst type，diffusion layer material，current collector structure and other factors on the cell performance were discussed. The mass transfer characteristics in the fuel cell were also analyzed. Performance of the air-breathing DMFC was optimized especially at high current densities. The results showed that the mass transfer of reactants could be enhanced by using Pt black or Pt-Ru black catalyst. A higher limit current density could be obtained by using carbon cloth as the gas diffusion layer. At low current densities，the cell voltage decreased with an increase in methanol concentration due to the methanol crossover. However，at middle and high current densities，the cell performance increased firstly and then decreased with methanol concentration. The parallel current collector benefits the removal of resultants and the mass transfer of reactants both at the anode and the cathode. Thus，a better cell performance could be achieved by using parallel current collectors.

Applications of ionic liquids for Friedel-Crafts reactions are reviewed，in which ionic liquid can be functioned as a catalyst or a solvent. The advantages of ionic liquids are irreplaceable by any other catalysts or solvents. Problems encountered in the application of ionic liquids for Friedel-Crafts reactions are analyzed and prospects for future development are also discussed.

Pd-Pb-Bi/ CaCO3 catalysts were prepared by impregnation for the selective hydrogenation of dehydrolinalool to linalool. The activity of the catalysts with different Pd content was inspected. It was found that the catalysts with 1.5% Pd content showed a higher activity. At 60—65℃ and 0.6MPa with a total catalyst amount of 0.5%，the conversion of dehydrolinalool was higher than 99% and the selectivity for linalool was higher than 96%. The change in catalyst composition upon reused for 7 times was evaluated by using ICP，and the effect of Pb and Bi to the catalytic behavior was discussed.

Sodium hypochlorite is a strong oxidation agent，while it usually decomposes into hydrogen chloride under natural conditions. Ni2O3 catalyst prepared by a mixing method can make sodium hypochlorite decompose to atomic oxygen. Such atomic oxygen produced is very active，hence the oxidation ability of sodium hypochlorite could be greatly enhanced. The physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of the catalyst were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD)，scanning electron microscope (SEM) and BET. The decomposition rate of sodium hypochlorite yielding atomic oxygen was evaluated with the catalyst in different proportion，concentration，pH，and temperatures. The decomposition rate increases with increasing sodium hypochlorite concentration，and a neutral or weak acid environment as well as a higher temperature is favorable for the reaction. Preliminary experiment for organic waste water treatment illustrated that the COD removal efficiency for methanol，toluene and metanilic acid was 91.3%，89.28% and 84.53%，respectively.

The activity，deactivation，activity regeneration of amorphous TiO2/WO3 films were studied via photocatalytic oxidation of methyl blue. The photodegradation ratio of methyl blue was 93.8% by fresh TiO2/WO3 films. Having been used for six times，the photodegradation ratio was still higher than 85%. For the deactivated films after reused for nine times，four methods were attempted to regenerate the activity，soaking in water or ethanol for 30 minutes and ultrasonic treatment in distilled water or ethanol for 30 minutes，with which the photodegradation ratio could be resumed from 10.3% to 23.2%，28.3%，79.2% and 90.5% respectively.

The industrial process for acetophenone production is by the reaction of benzene with acetyl chloride, which produces strong acid, and is an environmental pollution process. A alternative approach for the synthesis of acetophenone by liquid-phase oxidation of ethylbenzene is studied using manganese sulfate as catalyst and oxygen as oxidant. With optimized reaction conditions [5mL of ethylbenzene, 4.9% of MnSO4, n（Br）/n（Mn）=2.0, 10 mL of glacial acetic acid, 100mL/min of oxygen flow at 90℃ with 4 h of reaction time], conversion of ethylbenzene and yield of acetophenone reached to 72.36% and 59.57%, respectively.

Nano-Cu2O powders were prepared by special liquid-phase precipitation with high strength mechanical mixing and characterized with XRD and TEM. The photocatalytic behavior of such prepared nano-Cu2O was evaluated by the decomposition of acidic fuchsine solution under daylight. The influence of glucose addition and the initial concentration of acidic fuchsine solution as well as the catalyst reusability were examined. A 99.1% photocatalyzed degradation was achieved with 6mg/L initial concentration of acidic fuchsine solution in 2.5h added with 7g/L of glucose. This photocatalytic degradation remained with 75% after the catalyst repetitively used for 6 times.

Molecularly imprinted polymeric microspheres (MIPMs) have peculiar characteristic in molecular recognition. The MIPMs prepared by seed swelling and suspension polymerization can be used in polar environment. This review is focused on the preparation methods and progress of MIPMs through seed swelling and suspension polymerization.

The mechanism and progress of flame retardants related to nylon-6（PA-6）textiles are reviewed，with empnasis on the recent attempts to produce durable nylon-6 fabrics by using hydroxylation phosphorus-containing oligomer and other flame retardants. Recent developments on enhance char formation by add nanoclays is also discussed.

The rapid development of microelectronics brought forward an increasing demand for high thermal resistant epoxy cured products. To increase the thermal resistance of epoxy resin is imperative. Methodologies commonly used to improve the thermal resistance of epoxy resin are reviewed in this paper，including the backbone modification，the use of a novel curing agent and the hybridization with an inorganic nano-material.

The development in production technology for D-lactic acid with highly optical purity was largely promoted by its application as monomer for poly(lactic acid) (PLA) high-performance materials. The application，optical purity analysis and the production technology for D-lactic acid are reviewed. Special attention was focused on the strain breeding and fermentation process. Genetic engineering showed strong competition in developing efficient strain. The progress in highly efficient strain would further promote the production of D-lactic acid with highly optical purity，high yield，short fermentation time and wide range of substrates.

Progress in techniques for the synthesis and application of 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene (BAPB) are reviewed. A 2-step production is considered to be an efficient and economical method for the preparation of BAPB，including the condensation of resorcinol with 4-nitrochlorobenzene and the reduction of 1,3-bis(4-nitrophenoxy)benzene (BNPB) through hydrogenation. Suggestions are proposed for the production of BAPB with high-quality，high-purity and lower cost as to meet the requirement for polyimide monomer and for the preparation of super Aurum.

Cryptomelane-type hydrous manganese dioxide (CRYMO) was prepared by using manganese sulfate and potassium permanganate as raw materials. Potassium ion-sieve（CRYMO-H）with a crystal structure of α-MnO2 was obtained by acid-modification of CRYMO. CRYMO-H showed a high saturated ion-exchange capacity for K+ as measured as 4.6429mmol (181.54mg) K+/g ion-sieve in 0.1mol/L K+ solution. The exchange isothermal curves of H+-K+ on CRYMO-H were measured at 15℃，25℃，35℃，45℃ respectively. The activity coefficients were calculated by using Pitzer electrolyte solution theory，other thermodynamic constant such as equilibrium constant ， ， and during the exchange process were obtained. The equilibrium constant reduced with increasing temperature，the selectivity of CRYMO for K+ was higher than the original ion (H+)，the exchange process was exothermic and spontaneous( <0).

Epoxy encapsulating materials grafted and modified with polyurethane（PU）was prepared by reaction of —NCO—terminated PU prepolymer with epoxy resin（EP）. The FTIR indicated that the reaction between —NCO—terminated PU prepolymer and the secondary hydroxy in epoxy resin has completed. Effect of PU content on viscosity of resin and the change of temperature in curing process was investigated. The impact strength and flexural strength of materials were all improved by add PU prepolymer content of 5% (mass fraction)，increased 30% and 200% compared with the neat epoxy resin respectively. The glass-transition temperature of materials wasn’t decreased. Lastly，toughen mechanism was analyzed by SEM.

CDAH2 resin was synthesized from catechol and chloroacetic acid as the main starting materials，its enrichment behavior for potassium ion was evaluated with a self-made exchange resin column. The improved synthesis process provides the resin with good adsorption ability for potassium ion in the exchange test solution with pH=4.0 at a temperature below 20 ℃ and an exchange flow rate of 2mL/min. The CDAH2 resin has a high recycling rate，and can be easily regenerated.

V2O5-MoO3-P2O5/γ-Al2O3 loaded catalysts were prepared by impregnation for the oxidation of furfural to maleic anhydride. The physicochemical properties and textural character of the catalysts were studied by using ICP，N2 adsorption and XRD. The crystal lattice oxygen in the catalysts was investigated through a method of temperature-programmed reduction (TPR). The catalytic behavior of the catalysts for the oxidation of furfural was evaluated in a continuous fixed bed reactor，in which a reacting gas stream of 2% furfural in air was passed through the catalyst at 305 ℃ with 3000 h-1 of gas velocity. When the quality ratio of MoO3/V2O5 was 0.4，the conversion of furfural was 82% and the yield of maleic anhydride reached to 50%，indicating that the introduction of MoO3 could adjust the interaction between the supporter and the active center. Hence，the rapid exchange of crystal lattice oxygen in the catalysts could be accelerated，and the activity and selectivity of catalysts were remarkably improved.

Hydrogenation of nitrocyclohexane catalyzed by Pd/C catalyst was carried out under mild conditions. Effects of solvent type，catalyst amount，reaction time and reaction temperature were investigated. The solvent type significantly affects the catalyst activity and selectivity for cyclohexanone oxime. Particularly，ethylenediamine is an optimal choice for improving the selectivity for cyclohexanone oxime. Under the conditions of n(Pd/C)∶n(nitrocyclohexan) = 1∶100，95 ℃ and 6 h，the conversion of nitrocyclohexane reached to 100% and the selectivity for cyclohexanone oxime was 84.2%. A reaction mechanism is proposed.

Vapor phase ethylation of catechol with diethyl carbonate as an alkylation agent was carried out under the catalysis of NaY loaded with K2CO3 or Mg(OAc)2. The catalysts prepared by vacuum impregnation were characterized by BET specific surface area measurement，temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD，CO2-TPD) and XRD. Both of the basic sites and the acid sites have important effects on the conversion of catechol. The basic sites are responsible for O-ethylation，while the acid sites are favorable for C-ethylation.

Synthesis of ethyl lactate is studied by using imidazole ionic liquid as catalyst and ethyl acetate as water-stripping agent. Several factors to product yield were predicted by response surface methodology，including the molar ratio of ethanol to lactic acid，the molar ratio of ionic liquid（IL）to lactic acid，the total reflux time，the amount of water-stripping agent and the water separation time. The prediction for product yield was consistent with experimental results. The optimized reaction conditions were found to be the molar ratio of ethanol to lactic acid of 4，the molar ratio of IL to lactic acid of 0.7，the total reflux time of 1.2 h，74% water-stripping agent amount of the theoretical dosage and the water separation time of 6.6 h，by which the yield of ethyl lactate was about 80%.

The research developments and application of environment-friendly epoxy plasticizers are discussed. This kind of plasticizer is non-toxic and its raw materials are renewable. The epoxy group can improve the stability of PVC products and has excellent compatibility with the polymer materials. Therefore，the epoxy plasticizers are used extensively. The epoxy plasticizers include epoxy neutral oil and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester. The reaction principle of the chemical and enzymatic preparation of epoxy plasticizers are introduced. Environment-friendly plasticizers are the worldwide development trend.

Using dry-mixed mortar to substitute traditional mortar is a current trend for its many advantages，and cellulose ether (CE) is a kind of important additives for dry-mixed mortar. This article summarizes the effect of several mono-cellulose-ethers and mixed-cellulose-ethers conventionally used on the quality of dry-mixed mortar，such as water absorption，thickening，liquidity，workability and mortar strength etc. It is considered that mixed-cellulose-ethers are better than mono-cellulose-ethers. The fast development of dry-mixed mortar brings forward a higher demand for the production of CE. Therefore，the cellulose ether industry should catch up this opportunity to increase the level of technology，to develop CE varieties and to improve production stability.

Development of high voltage pulse discharged plasma for organic wastewater treatment is briefly reviewed in reactor design，catalyst selection and experimental conditions. Some existing problems are also discussed.

Chlorotoluene was synthesised by anodic oxidation using netted titanium as the anode，netted nickel as the cathode，saturated NaCl solution as the anode electrolyte and an ion exchange membrane as a separator．The selections of reactive condition such as mass fraction of electrolyte，current density，electrolyte temperature and reaction time are discussed．The optimized reaction conditions were found to be 25％ NaCl as the anode electrolyte，10％ NaOH as the cathode electrolyte，10—15A／dm2 of current density and the reaction temperature as 25 ℃，under which chlorotoluene yield reached to 55.5％ with a current efficiancy of 51.5％.

Progress of CO2 adsorption，separation and capture using carbon-based adsorption materials in recent years are reviewed. With the global warming effects becoming significant，how to decrease the emission of CO2 as well as how to concentrate，separate and reuse the emitted CO2 have become one of the key problems that mankind faced. Carbon-based adsorption materials play an important role in the field of gas separation due to their good adsorption performance and well-developed porous structure. Meanwhile，these materials can be employed under very broad working conditions because of their stable chemical properties. Thus，carbon-based adsorption materials，as potential candidates for adsorption，capture and separation of CO2，show many advantages over many other adsorption materials.

The characteristics of scrap printed circuit boards are discussed，and the techniques for treatment and resource recovery as well as existing limitations are reviewed. Some countermeasures and suggestions are proposed for a possible approach to realize recycling and friendly disposal of scrap printed circuit boards.

The combined ultrasonic-ozone process is the most promising method for treating refractory organics in waste water. The degradation of refractory organics by using the combined ultrasonic-ozone process，oxidation mechanism，and model development are reviewed. The intermediates and the effects of ozone dosage，pH and the initial concentration of refractory organics are introduced. Finally，the research directions are indicated based on the problems of the combined ultrasonic-ozone process.

Three types of membrane bioreactor(MBR) applied to denitrification and dephosphorylation were summarized．The achievements of recent researches on the hybrid membrane bioreactor enhancing nitrogen and phosphorus removal were introduced．The denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria were introduced as well．The some research and application prospects were discussed．

Phenol-degradation bacteria were isolated from the soil of an agrochemical factory，their biodegradation ability for simulative phenolic wastewater was investigated in a 6 L bioreactor. The degradation of phenol with a concentration of 700 mg/L was up to 99% with a bacteria dosage of 7% and an aeration rate of 30 L/h at 17 ℃ and pH 6—8 within 24h. In the phnol concentration range between 200—700 mg/L，the average degradation rate increases with increasing the phenol concentration with a maximum of 29.2 mg/(L·h). The bacteria studied here are not sensitive to the variation in pH and the initial phenol concentration，and can adapt to a certain degree of impact load.

In order to improve the wastewater treatment efficiency of Fine Chemical Industrial Park in Zhejiang Province，organic compounds in the inflow and outflow from a biological treatment system were analyzed by GC/MS. The biodegradability and toxicity of the organic compounds contained in the inflow were topologically studied，and its consistency with analytical results was evaluated. Results indicated that acids，alcohols and some volatile phenols and anilines could be removed effectively through the biological treatment system. However，chloroanilines，chloronitrobenzenes，methoxybenzenes，nitriles and some heterocyclic compounds could still be detected in the outflow. These compounds were toxic and hardly biodegradable，resulted in a unsatisfactory water discharge. Therefore，the process option for fine chemical wastewater treatment should consider the preferential control of organic compounds with low PCD or low LC50. Effective pretreatment and bioaugmentation technique might be necessary for a high-performance wastewater treatment process.

This paper deals with the analysis and optimization of a N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) recovery process. The existing three-column energy-saving technique has been simulated with Aspen Plus software. By combining the process integration technology with simulation results, a column grand composite curve (CGCC) is established providing an energy saving target of the whole system. Subsequently, a modification of the process is proposed to improve the energy efficiency. Compared with the existing process, a 6% energy reduction can be achieved by such modification.

The original design plan and the optimum design scheme of the SECCO cracking furnace chamber was numerically simulated using CFD software with suit mathematical model. Detailed information of flow field，fuel combustion and flue gas temperature field in the cracking furnace chamber was obtained，which revealed the interaction and characteristics of flue gas flow，combustion and heat transfer process in the furnace. The simulation results showed that the temperature gradient was larger，the heat distribution was uneven and high-temperature zones existed in the original design plan based on bottom burner. While in the optimum design scheme based on bottom and side wall burner，the temperature gradient was smaller and more uniform heat distribution was provided，which is beneficial to the uniform heating of the reactor tubes.