Abstract:

To overcome the problems of uncontrollable active sites and microstructures of catalysts, the utilization of solid precursor as a controlled-release source of metal ions has emerged as a promising approach for fabricating metal-based integrated catalysts with precise microstructures and well-defined spatial configuration of active sites, therefore realizing the rational design of catalysts. This review highlights four types of solid precursor materials, namely transition metal phyllosilicates, layered double hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, and bismuth vanadate materials, for the preparation of catalysts for thermal catalytic hydrogenation of CO₂. The review provides an overview of preparation mechanisms and application examples of these four integrated catalyst materials, along with an outlook on the research direction of developing multi-component integrated catalysts based on solid precursors.

Key words: catalysis, carbon dioxide, hydrogenation, nanomaterials, solid precursor, integrated catalyst

摘要：

针对催化剂活性位点和微观结构不可控的问题，采用固体前体作为缓释的金属离子源制备微观结构可控、活性位点空间位置明确的金属基集成催化剂有望解决该问题，并实现催化剂的定制化设计。本文介绍了4类固体前体材料用于制备CO₂热催化加氢反应的催化剂，包括过渡金属层状硅酸盐、层状双金属氢氧化物、金属有机骨架材料以及钒酸铋材料。总结了这4类集成催化材料的制备过程机制及其在CO₂热催化加氢中的应用实例，并对固体前体制备多组分集成催化剂的研究前景进行了展望。

关键词: 催化, 二氧化碳, 加氢, 纳米材料, 固体前体, 集成催化剂