Abstract:

Superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted tremendous attention due to their special wettability and wide application. However, superhydrophobic surfaces are highly susceptible to mechanical or chemical attack, resulting in loss of low surface energy substances or destruction of hierarchical micro/nanostructures, and eventually the loss of superhydrophobicity. Therefore, it is still a big challenge to construct a durable superhydrophobic coating in the field of superhydrophobic. In this paper, the recent progress of abrasive resistance and self-healing superhydrophobic surfaces were summarized. Firstly, the methods for improving abrasive resistance of superhydrophobic surface were concluded from forming covalent bonds, introducing elastic materials and using substrate surface to construct hierarchical micro/nanostructures. Secondly, the ways for endowing self-healing function to superhydrophobic coatings were reviewed from releasing low surface energy substances, regenerating topographic structures and bulk self-healing. Moreover, the industrialization status of durable superhydrophobic surface was discussed. Finally, the future research and development of durable superhydrophobic surfaces were also prospected in order to provide references for fabrication of durable superhydrophobic surfaces for widespread applications.

Key words: surface, superhydrophobic, self-healing, abrasive resistance, hierarchical micro/nanostructures, low surface energy substances

摘要：

超疏水表面因其特殊的润湿性和广泛的应用引起了人们的关注。然而，在使用过程中超疏水表面容易受到机械作用或化学攻击的影响，造成低表面能物质的缺失或微纳粗糙结构的破坏而丧失超疏水性能。因此，如何构建耐久型超疏水涂层是超疏水领域的一个巨大挑战。基于此，本文主要从耐磨和自修复两个角度综述了耐久型超疏水表面的最新研究进展。首先，从引入化学键、引入弹性材料和利用基材表面构筑微纳粗糙结构等方面总结了提升超疏水表面耐磨性的途径。其次，从低表面能物质的自修复、微纳粗糙结构的重构以及本体自修复等方面总结了超疏水表面自修复性的实现途径。并对耐久型超疏水表面的产业化状况进行了讨论。最后，对耐久型超疏水表面今后的发展进行了展望，以期为制备应用广泛的耐久型超疏水表面提供参考。

关键词: 表面, 超疏水, 自修复, 耐磨性, 微纳粗糙结构, 低表面能物质